Synthesis and characterization of new conjugated soluble polythiophenes with excellent reversible electrochemical properties

A series of five new conjugated polythiophene (PT) derivatives containing piperidinyl groups as a side chain were synthesized by ferric trichloride oxidization. All of the polymers were soluble in common organic solvents, and their high regioregularity were confirmed by ¹H‐NMR. The weight‐average molar masses ranged from 5931 to 22,955 g/mol with a low polydispersity index ranging from 1.18 to 1.79. The fluorescence emission maximum of poly[3‐(N‐methyl propionate–4′‐piperidine)methylene–thiophene] in the films was 725 nm in the yellow–red region, higher than that of the other PT derivatives. All five polymers exhibited reversible p‐doping/dedoping (oxidation/reneutralization) processes; this indicated that these polymers could be applied in electrical equipment in the doping state. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Carbon/polymer composite counter‐electrode application in dye‐sensitized solar cells

Carbon black was embedded in mixtures of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(vinylidene fluoride–hexafluoropropylene) to make a carbon/polymer composite slurry, which was deposited onto a transparent conducting glass substrate by a doctor‐blade coating for application in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as a counter‐electrode (CE) material. The experiments indicated that the photovoltaic parameters of the DSSCs were strongly dependent on the carbon concentration in the slurry. The device with a carbon CE whose mass ratio was 1 : 1 (mass ratio = carbon black mass to polymer mass) exhibited an overall energy conversion efficiency of 4.62%; this was comparable to that of a device with platinum as a CE (5.32%) under the same test conditions. The better electrocatalytic activity of CE‐1.0 (where 1.0 indicates the mass ratio of carbon black to polymer) for the reduction of triiodide resulted a higher performance of the DSSC with such a CE. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Exfoliated polymer nanocomposites by in situ coprecipitation of layered double hydroxides in a polymer matrix

Polyvinylalcohol (PVA) nanocomposites were prepared by a “one step” method based on the coprecipitation of layered double hydroxide (LDH) platelets in the polymer aqueous solution. The PVA/LDH nanocomposites displayed an exfoliated morphology and the concentration of LDH in the nanocomposite was evaluated by IR analysis. Moreover, it was shown that the PVA/LDH nanocomposites had an improved photostability over PVA, which makes this material a good candidate for coating applications. Further optimization will be considered to tune the polymer/LDH properties. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

半导体Z反应光解水制氢的光能转换效率及研究进展

通过介绍人工半导体Z反应的原理,综述该类型反应体系,包括模拟PSI催化剂（PS1[H2]）、模拟PSII催化剂（PS2[O2]）和介体（mediator） 应用于人工模拟光解水制氢的研究进展,重点阐述此三者在Z反应中所起的作用及其电子传递机理的发展现状,并通过估算不同介体的光能转换效率比较各反应系统的优缺点,指出无介体Z反应系统的电子传递机理、非贵金属助剂的制备、在光催化还原二氧化碳和光电催化中的应用是未来Z反应研究的重点。     

以污染物作为电子给体的新型光催化制氢体系的研究进展

以污染物作为电子给体进行的光催化制氢体系代表着一种新型的现代水处理技术,在污染物被降解的同时还可以将太阳能转化为清洁的氢能,有效地缓解了环境污染和能源短缺两大难题。为此,本文结合光催化制氢协同污染物降解反应的机理,概述了近年来国内外在该方向上的主要研究成果,列举了几种常用的催化剂,分析了不同的操作参数,如污染物种类、催化剂类型和组分、催化剂的微观结构、催化剂投加量、pH、污染物浓度、溶液中存在的不同阴阳离子及其他共存物、反应温度以及光照强度对光催化降解率和产氢活性的影响。最后,指出了以污染物作为电子给体的光催化水处理技术在光催化材料的选择上依然面临种类偏少、产氢效率偏低的挑战,并且在反应影响因素的探究上仍存在不充分、不全面的问题。同时,评述了将多项工艺结合起来的多单元水处理系统是未来水处理领域的一个主流模式。     

微波蚀刻法制备RGO-BiOCl/Bi2WO6异质结型催化剂及其催化性能

采用改进的Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯,以Bi（NO₃）₃·5H₂O、KCl、Na₂WO₄为原料,采用微波蚀刻法在其基础上负载BiOCl/Bi₂WO₆。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、比表面积测定仪（BET）、紫外-可见漫反射（UV-Vis）及透射电镜（TEM）等对所制备的催化剂进行表征。以RhB作为目标降解物,考察其光催化性能。结果表明,当RGO：RGO-BiOCl（质量比）为2%、Bi₂WO₆：RGO-BiOCl/Bi₂WO₆（摩尔比）为50%,降解率可达94.6%,远高于纯BiOCl。     

碳点用于光催化分解水制氢的研究进展

光催化分解水制氢是获取氢能的理想方式,开发高效的光催化剂成为本领域研究的热点。碳点因为具有独特的上转换性能、可见光响应以及带隙可调的性质且水溶性好、无生物毒性、光致发光性能优异,在光催化产氢领域的应用引起了极大关注。目前合成碳点的方法主要包括自上而下和自下而上两种方式。通过表面钝化、表面功能化或元素掺杂等改性手段可以进一步增强碳点的光电性能和抗腐蚀性能。本文从碳点主要的制备和改性手段出发,概述了近年来碳点用于光催化分解水制氢领域主要的研究成果,总结了碳点分别作为光催化剂主体、助催化剂、光敏剂以及Z型结构的电子转移介质在光催化制氢中的应用。同时指出目前碳点在光催化制氢领域还普遍存在着机理不明晰、产氢效率偏低的问题,未来该领域的研究方向将侧重于大规模合成结构更精确、目标特定性更强的碳点以及探究碳点在光催化产氢过程中的优化机制。     

陶瓷釉下彩贴花纸丝印工艺

全面阐述了陶瓷釉下彩贴花纸丝网印刷工艺,属实用工艺技术推广.     

Photochemical Acceleration of DNA Strand Displacement by Using Ultrafast DNA Photo-crosslinking

DNA strand displacement is an essential reaction in genetic recombination, biological processes, and DNA nanotechnology. In particular, various DNA nanodevices enable complicated calculations. However, it takes time before the output is obtained, so acceleration of DNA strand displacement is required for a rapid-response DNA nanodevice. Herein, DNA strand displacement by using DNA photo-crosslinking to accelerate this displacement is evaluated. The DNA photo-crosslinking of 3-cyanovinylcarbazole (^CNVK) was accelerated at least 20 times, showing a faster DNA strand displacement. The rate of photo-crosslinking is a key factor and the rate of DNA strand displacement is accelerated through ultrafast photo-crosslinking. The rate of DNA strand displacement was regulated by photoirradiation energy.