变色颜料

变色颜料严格地讲,应属于无机颜料,但许多变色颜料都是和传统的有机颜料复合使用,使传统的颜料、涂料工业以及防伪油墨等受到了极大的挑战,充满了商机。本文综述了变色颜料的最新发展,重点介绍了变色颜料的结构、光可变机理、随视角变化的CIELAB色彩空间坐标图及加工工艺。     

细菌视紫红质—聚乙烯醇薄膜M态衰减动力学研究

利用闪光光解法和紫外－可见光谱法研究了室温条件下,PH值的增加和干燥时间的延长对细菌视紫外红质（bR)－聚乙烯醇（PVA）薄膜光谱环过程中M态衰减动力学的影响。闪光光解动力学研究表明,M态的衰减随着PH值的提高和干燥时间的延长而明显减慢,在PH＝10和干燥时间72h的最佳制备下薄膜M态的衰减最为缓慢,紫外－可见光谱法表明,M态的衰减可持续15min以上,比自然条件下M态的寿命提高约4个数量级,本文还探讨了最佳制备条件下细菌视紫红质－聚乙烯醇薄膜长寿命M态形成的机理。     

光响应型分子的合成及应用研究进展

光响应型分子作为一种刺激性响应分子,因其具有信号稳定、远程控制、瞬时性和环保性等优势,而广泛应用于智能材料、光控器件等领域,其中最典型、研究最广泛的当属光致异构分子。光致异构分子在特定波长光照下会发生结构变化,在宏观上有时会表现出颜色的改变,在另一波长光照下结构会重新变为原来的结构,颜色也会随之褪去。综述了螺吡喃、偶氮苯、二芳基乙烯等几种主流的光致异构分子的合成与制备、光响应机理以及在盐湖资源提取、药物检测、储能材料制备等实际生产生活中的应用,并对光响应分子在低成本环境友好合成、复合功能材料化、智能分子器件等方面的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Reversible Photocontrol of Dopaminergic Transmission in Wild-Type Animals

Understanding the dopaminergic system is a priority in neurobiology and neuropharmacology. Dopamine receptors are involved in the modulation of fundamental physiological functions, and dysregulation of dopaminergic transmission is associated with major neurological disorders. However, the available tools to dissect the endogenous dopaminergic circuits have limited specificity, reversibility, resolution, or require genetic manipulation. Here, we introduce azodopa, a novel photoswitchable ligand that enables reversible spatiotemporal control of dopaminergic transmission. We demonstrate that azodopa activates D₁-like receptors in vitro in a light-dependent manner. Moreover, it enables reversibly photocontrolling zebrafish motility on a timescale of seconds and allows separating the retinal component of dopaminergic neurotransmission. Azodopa increases the overall neural activity in the cortex of anesthetized mice and displays illumination-dependent activity in individual cells. Azodopa is the first photoswitchable dopamine agonist with demonstrated efficacy in wild-type animals and opens the way to remotely controlling dopaminergic neurotransmission for fundamental and therapeutic purposes.     

pH值对纳米W03粉体结构及光致变色性能的影响

以钨酸钠为钨源,采用水热法在不同pH值条件下制备纳米WO3粉体,通过XRD、SEM、BET等分析手段对产物的晶型结构、形貌和比表面积进行了表征,并利用紫外-可见光漫反射吸收光谱仪和测色计对所制备的样品进行光致变色性能测试.结果表明,pH=1.0和2.0时合成的产物分别为六方晶型和立方晶型的WO2粉体.其中,六方晶型的WO2所具有的规则孔道结构为光生质子H+的传递提供了良好的通道,有利于WO3粉体产生良好的光致变色性能;而立方晶型的WO3所具有的复杂的网络结构不利于光生质子H+的传递,因而光致变色性能较差.且pH=1.0时合成的刺猬状WO3粉体颗粒大小均匀,具有较大的比表面积和较高的反应活性,这也有利于粉体光致变色性能的提高.     

Preparation and photochromic properties of waterborne polyurethane containing spirooxazine groups

Two novel photochromic spirooxazines, SO 1 and SO 3, were successfully prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ¹H-NMR, and mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI-MS). SO 1 was doped and grafted with waterborne polyurethane (WPU) to afford D₁-WPU and G₁-WPU. D₃-WPU was prepared by doping SO 3 with waterborne polyurethane. FTIR spectra indicated that SO 1 was grafted onto waterborne polyurethane successfully. Scanning electron microscopy proved that spirooxazines of D-WPU can be effectively dispersed in a waterborne polyurethane matrix, and spirooxazines of G-WPU are evenly distributed in the copolymer. The results showed that the light transmittance of modified waterborne polyurethane films decreased compared with pure waterborne polyurethane films, but the water resistance and tensile strength were better. Ultraviolet–visible spectra demonstrated that the thermal stability of spirooxazine derivatives improved significantly after being modified. The fading rate constant of the D₃-WPU film (k = 0.0079 s^-1) during the discoloration process decreased 9.77 times in contrast to SO 3 in ethanol, which showed that the thermal stability of spirooxazine in WPU film was obviously enhanced. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47067.     

Photochemistry and photophysics of poly(organophosphazenes) and related compounds: A review. III. Applicative aspects

In the third part of this review we report some applicative aspects of poly(organophosphazenes) in photochemical fields. In particular, the possible application of phosphazene polymers that contain azobenzene or spiropyran residues as photochromic macromolecules is outlined; the light-induced grafting of organic, carbon-backboned polymers onto polyphosphazene matrices, as a method of modifying both surface and bulk properties of these materials, is highlighted; and the potential application of cyclophosphazenes as photo-stabilizers for commercial organic polymers or as photoinitiators for radical polymerization of vinyl monomers is described.Parts I and II in this series appeared in this journal, Volume 4, Numbers 1 and 2, 1994, respectively.     

3D‐Printable Photochromic Molecular Materials for Reversible Information Storage

The formulation of advanced molecular materials with bespoke polymeric ionic‐liquid matrices that stabilize and solubilize hybrid organic–inorganic polyoxometalates and allow their processing by additive manufacturing, is effectively demonstrated. The unique photo and redox properties of nanostructured polyoxometalates are translated across the scales (from molecular design to functional materials) to yield macroscopic functional devices with reversible photochromism. These properties open a range of potential applications including reversible information storage based on controlled topological and temporal reduction/oxidation of pre‐formed printed devices. This approach pushes the boundaries of 3D printing to the molecular limits, allowing the freedom of design enabled by 3D printing to be coupled with the molecular tuneability of polymerizable ionic liquids and the photoactivity and orbital engineering possible with hybrid polyoxometalates.     

N－苯基取代2，3双－［3－（1－乙基－2－甲基－吲哚）］－马来酰亚胺的合成和光致变色性能研究

Ｎ－苯基取代２，３双－［３－（１－乙基－２－甲基－吲哚）］－马来酰亚胺的合成和光致变色性能研究于联合，赵伟利，樊美公（中国科学院感光化学研究所，北京１００１０１）朱自强（河南大学物理系，开封４７５００１）关键词合成，马来酰亚胺，光致变色，瞬态吸收光谱...     

电解沉积成膜法制备氧化钼变色薄膜的研究

本文研究了一种新的制备过渡金属氧化钼（ＭｏＯ３）变色薄膜的方法，即电解沉积成膜法。通过Ｘ射线衍射实验证明用该方法制得的氧化钼薄膜为非晶质。与传统的真空蒸镀法相比，该薄膜同样具有良好的电致变色和光致变色特性，并观测到了可见光变色效应。结果表明，该方法将为大面积制备均匀过滤金属氧化物变色薄膜走向实用化打下基础。