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991.
A novel fiber sensor composed by two single mode fibers and long period fiber grating based on a photonic crystal fiber prepared by periodic discharge heating has been experimentally investigated to measure refractive index and temperature. A Mach-Zehnder interferometer was formed due to the presence of two fusion spliced collapsed regions in the photonic crystal fiber. The resonance dip and interference pattern were differently influenced by the ambient disturbance, so the dual-parameters were simultaneously measured by analyzing the characteristics of transmission spectrum. After the experimental measurements, refractive index and temperature sensitivities of 117.28?nm/RIU and ?86.29?pm/°C were realized. Therefore, the reported sensor with advantages of easy fabrication, simple structure, and small size has the potential for simultaneous refractive index and temperature measurements involving biochemical sensing applications. 相似文献
992.
Bikash Chandra Behera Chetan Sudarsan Ghosh Venkateswara Rao Paruchuri 《Machining Science and Technology》2019,23(3):431-454
The present research work aims to understand the chip formation mechanisms in Inconel 718 machining through metallographic technique. The influence of machining speed on shear band and chip shape have been analyzed. Characterization of the shear band has been conducted by analyzing the shear band thickness, strain, strain rate, stress and micro-hardness. Additionally, chip reduction coefficient parameters and chip segmentation ratio parameters have been analyzed to understand the type of chip formation at various machining speeds. The observations and analysis of the same indicated that the formation of the saw-tooth chip is due to high-strain localization within the chip and crack initiation at the free surface of the chip. Thinner shear bands are observed at higher machining speed (120 m/min), and thicker shear bands are observed at lower machining speed (40 m/min). The magnitude of chip segmentation parameters indicates that crack generation increases with increase in machining speed. 相似文献
993.
以某乘用车加速工况车内噪声为研究对象,以悬置主动端支架模态频率和悬置动刚度为变量,系统性地试验研究了支架和悬置对车内噪声的影响规律。首先,设计并试制高、中、低三套模态频率不同的悬置支架并装车对比试验,结果表明,车内噪声水平主要由低频段噪声分量决定,中频段次之,高频段噪声分量的贡献可忽略;支架对车内噪声的影响在于其共振诱发的中频段噪声,一阶模态大于700 Hz的高频支架方案可有效降低中频段噪声。其次,液压悬置充、放液对比试验表明,悬置刚度主要影响低频段噪声,因而也决定着车内噪声水平。在此基础上,综合采用高频支架和倒置液压悬置的组合方案,有效改善了低频段和中频段车内噪声,进一步验证了前述结论。 相似文献
994.
Hongquan ZHAN Chuanqi WU Ce DENG Xiaohong LI Zhipeng XIE Changan WANG 《材料科学前沿(英文版)》2019,13(2):206-215
A kind of enhancing mechanism of structural whiteness dependence on amorphous photonic crystal (APC) structure is introduced in this paper. In the glaze system composed of albite, kaolin, talc, calcite, quartz, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, the APC structure will be produced by using quartz as a variable to induce the phase separation. Under different polarities between Ti, Zn etc. and Siion, the separated spheres with the core-shell structure can be obtained and then make up opal-like APCs in the glaze layer. In addition to inner and outer layers of core-shell spheres, the calculated results of refractive indices clearly show the great difference between the particles and the matrix. As a result of different refractive indices, the multiple scatting of visible light plays a key rote in the structural whiteness. However, due to the decrease of the cationic content, APCs with the reverse opal structure would be formed in the interface between glaze and body. Ultimately, the glaze appearance reveals extremely high structural whiteness due to the special APC structure. 相似文献
995.
996.
Mohsen Fallah Vostakola Seyed Mohammad Mirkazemi Bijan Eftekhari Yekta 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2019,16(3):943-950
Thermochromic VO2 thin films were deposited on soda-lime glass via sol-gel method. Doping was done through adding tungstic acid solution to the vanadium solution precursor. Grazing incidence x-ray diffractometer (GIXRD) results showed that VO2 and V6O13 phases were formed together in the heat-treated sample. According to the GIXRD result of the W-doped sample, only VO2 remained. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) micrographs showed that the VO2 grain size decreased from about 70 to about 25 nm for undoped film and 2 wt% W-doped films, respectively. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) results showed that the root mean square roughness for the film with 180 nm thickness was about 18 nm, and 2 wt% W-doped film had a smoother surface. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) results showed that the band gap energy for undoped, 1 wt% W- doped, and 2 wt% W-doped VO2 thin films was 1.7, 1.3, and 0 eV, respectively. Four-point probe resistivity measurements showed a significant decrement, from approximately 1 MΩ at 15°C to <100 Ω at 80°C. Regarding Vis-NIR spectroscopy results, maximum optical transmission for undoped and W-doped films was approximately 75% and 35%, respectively. 相似文献
997.
Ferroelastic RETaO4 ceramics are promising thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) because of their attractive thermomechanical properties. The influence of crystal structure distortion degree on thermomechanical properties of RETaO4 is estimated in this work. The relationship between Young's modulus and TECs is determined. The highest TECs (10.7 × 10−6 K−1, 1200°C) of RETaO4 are detected in ErTaO4 ceramics and are ascribed to its small Young's modulus and low Debye temperature. The intrinsic lattice thermal conductivity (3.94-1.26 W m−1 K−1, 100-900°C) of RETaO4 deceases with increasing of temperature due to an elimination in thermal radiation effects. The theoretical minimum thermal conductivity (1.00 W m−1 K−1) of RETaO4 indicates that the experimental value is able to be reduced further. We have delved deeply into the thermomechanical properties of ferroelastic RETaO4 ceramics and have emphasized their high-temperature applications as TBCs. 相似文献
998.
Lidija Androš Dubraja Damir Pajić Martina Vrankić Jure Dragović Matjaz Valant Metka Benčina Marijana Jurić 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2019,102(11):6697-6704
Chromium niobate and tantalate (CrNbO4 and CrTaO4) were synthesized by pyrolysis of the oxalate-based heterometallic complexes [Cr2(bpy)4(μ-O)4Nb2(C2O4)4]·3H2O (Cr-Nb) and [Cr(bpy)2(H2O)(μ-O)Ta(C2O4)3]2·3.5H2O (Cr-Ta) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine). Compared to conventional solid-state synthesis, herein studied oxides are prepared at lower temperatures, in one step without repeating grinding procedures. The structure, morphology, and optical properties of the as-synthesized oxides were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS). The determined band gap energies of CrNbO4 and CrTaO4 are 2.39 and 2.82 eV, respectively, which prompted us to investigate photocatalytic activity of these oxides in degradation of dyes. Microscopy studies show that the particles of both oxides began to aggregate into bigger particles, leading to an increase in grain size. Additionally, magnetization measurements on both oxides revealed spin-glass behavior at low temperatures. 相似文献
999.
为解决在制备不同粒径的小球来实现全光谱结构色过程中工作量大的问题,采用溶剂调控法合成粒径均匀的304、260、200 nm的SiO2纳米颗粒,利用三原色加色法原理将3种不同粒径的纳米SiO2悬浮液按照不同质量比两两混合,然后放在烘箱中进行重力沉降自组装,制备出全光谱非晶光子晶体结构色薄膜,探究混合比例对SiO2光子晶体结构色的影响。同时为提高结构色的饱和度,将墨水添加到不同混合比例的SiO2悬浮液中,研究墨水质量分数对光子晶体结构色的影响。结果表明:随着小粒径SiO2比例的增加,结构色会出现蓝移现象;墨水质量分数越高,结构色亮度越低,色度呈先增加后减小趋势,当墨水质量分数为0.4%时,结构色饱和度最好。 相似文献
1000.
Meijun Lu Ujjwal Das Stuart Bowden Steven Hegedus Robert Birkmire 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2011,19(3):326-338
Interdigitated back contact silicon heterojunction (IBC‐SHJ) solar cells have the potential for high open circuit voltage (VOC) due to the surface passivation and heterojunction contacts, and high short circuit current density (JSC) due to all back contact design. Intrinsic amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) buffer layer at the rear surface improve the surface passivation hence VOC and JSC, but degrade fill factor (FF) from an “S” shape J–V curve. Two‐dimensional (2D) simulation using “Sentaurus device” demonstrates that the low FF is related to the valence band offset (energy barrier) at the hetero‐interface. Three approaches to the buffer layer are suggested to improve the FF: (1) reduced thickness, (2) increased conductivity, and/or (3) reduced band gap. Experimental IBC‐SHJ solar cells with reduced buffer thickness (<5 nm) and increased conductivity with low boron doping significantly improves FF, consistent with simulation. However, this has only marginal effect on efficiency since JSC and VOC also decrease due to poor surface passivation. A narrow band gap a‐Si:H buffer layer improves cell efficiency to 13.5% with unoptimized passivation quality. These results demonstrate that tailoring the hetero‐interface band structure is critical for achieving high FF. Simulations predicts that efficiences >23% are possible on planar devices with optimized pitch dimensions and achievable surface passivation, and 26% with light trapping. This work provides criterion to design IBC‐SHJ solar cell structures and optimize cell performance. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献