蛋白酶荧光探针及新型显微成像技术的生物医学应用

研究上正常生理条件蛋白酶的活化情况仍然存在很多困难,将蛋白酶荧光探针技术和基于各种光学平台的显微成像技术有机地结合起来,可以最大限度地记录活细胞生理条件下蛋白酶活性变化的时空信息.综述了蛋白酶荧光探针技术及其与该类探针应用相关的新型显微成像技术在生物医学光子学领域的应用进展.     

Patterns of Brain Activation Associated With Contextual Conditioning to Methamphetamine in Mice.

Classical conditioning is thought to play a key role in addiction. The authors used c-Fos immunohistochemistry to demonstrate a conditioned physiological response to methamphetamine (meth) in mice. Male outbred mice were placed into an environment where they had previously experienced 2 mg/kg meth or saline. The meth-paired mice displayed increased c-Fos in several brain regions, including the nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, basolateral amygdala, and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. No conditioned locomotor activity was observed, but individual activity levels strongly correlated with c-Fos in many regions. A batch effect among immunohistochemical assays was demonstrated. Results implicate specific brain regions in classical conditioning to meth and demonstrate the importance of considering locomotor activity and batch in a c-Fos study. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

SNP genotyping by DNA photoligation: application to SNP detection of genes from food crops

Abstract

We describe a simple and inexpensive single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing method, using DNA photoligation with 5-carboxyvinyl-2′-deoxyuridine and two fluorophores. This SNP-typing method facilitates qualitative determination of genes from indica and japonica rice, and showed a high degree of single nucleotide specificity up to 10 000. This method can be used in the SNP typing of actual genomic DNA samples from food crops.     

睡眠状态下内衣舒适性的评价

综合着装后的心理及生理反应对睡衣的舒适性作出评价,并在此基础上分析睡衣材质的物理性能．结果表明,睡衣既起到导热去湿作用,又有隔热、隔湿作用,人体感受最明显的当属睡衣的热湿性能,睡衣的服用性能在一定程度上影响睡眠质量．     

Determination of optimum harvest maturity and physico-chemical quality of Rastali banana (Musa AAB Rastali) during fruit ripening

BACKGROUND: A series of physico‐chemical quality (peel and pulp colours, pulp firmness, fruit pH, sugars and acids content, respiration rate and ethylene production) were conducted to study the optimum harvest periods (either week 11 or week 12 after emergence of the first hand) of Rastali banana (Musa AAB Rastali) based on the fruit quality during ripening. RESULT: Rastali banana fruit exhibited a climacteric rise with the peaks of both CO₂ and ethylene production occurring simultaneously at day 3 after ripening was initiated and declined at day 5 when fruits entered the senescence stage. De‐greening was observed in both of the harvesting weeks with peel turned from green to yellow, tissue softening, and fruits became more acidic and sweeter as ripening progressed. Sucrose, fructose and glucose were the main sugars found while malic, citric and succinic acids were the main organic acids found in the fruit. CONCLUSION: Rastali banana harvested at weeks 11 and 12 can be considered as commercial harvest period when the fruits have developed good organoleptic and quality attributes during ripening. However, Rastali banana fruit at more mature stage of harvest maturity taste slightly sweeter and softer with higher ethylene production which also means the fruits may undergo senescence faster than fruit harvested at week 11. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

香辛料生理功能的研究进展

香辛料是重要的天然食品添加剂,广泛的应用于食品行业。它不仅具有增进食欲、消除异味、增加香气以及着色的作用,而且对人体具有一定的食疗保健功能。文中综述了香辛料在抗菌消炎、抑制肥胖、抗氧化、防癌、抗癌等方面的生理功能作用。     

优良产酯酵母菌的筛选及发酵性能研究

从大曲中分离获得6株酵母菌,通过对菌株形态结构观察和生理特性分类鉴定,初步确定2株高产乙酸乙酯酵母,并对分离菌株发酵动力学及其产酯性能进行研究,其中在最适条件下菌株BQC-1Y产酯量高达663.8mg/100mL,完全适合用于白酒产香的优良酵母菌株。     

Textile electrodes of jacquard woven fabrics for biosignal measurement

In the last few years, textile electrodes have become an interesting topic for physiological monitoring, steadily developing to be applied in innovative wearable sensing systems. The structure of textile electrodes can be fabricated by weaving, knitting, or embroidering conductive yarn and is now commercially available. The upgraded textile electrode is used in biosignal sensing and was designed in the form of a jacquard woven structure to measure the ECG. In the case of knit fabric, which has piezo‐resistive properties, the textile electrodes were developed by using the fabric’s flexible strain gauges in a bio‐monitoring system. However, the piezo‐resistive sensing fabrics have some shortcomings such as low dynamic range, poor repeatability, and performance deterioration after washing or repeated folding. Woven fabric, which is cloth woven in the warp and weft directions, has less strain properties and can be constructed more uniformly than knit fabric. Therefore, due to their more consistent woven structure, jacquard woven fabrics made with conductive yarn can be manufactured evenly on a large scale and consistently maintain their properties. The woven structure of jacquard electrodes consists of a double‐faced weave and is woven with a silver covering yarn in the weft direction. The proposed textile electrodes were composed of two groups made up of warps with either the unremoved 100% warps or the half‐removed 50% warps of jacquard woven electrodes that were convex or flat and were either with or without conductive paste. The ECG measurements for the textile electrodes were repeated three times in resting conditions. The convex jacquard electrodes of the half‐removed 50% warps with the conductive paste resulted in the most significant SNR improvement (33.67 dB). The purpose of this paper was to investigate a method to design jacquard woven electrodes uniformly on a large scale and to apply it feasibly to ECG measurement.     

桃新品系‘保佳俊’果肉抗褐化生理机制研究

为研究‘保佳俊’果实抗褐化特性,选用‘保佳俊’及与其成熟期相近的8个白肉桃品种(‘霞晖6号’、‘大久保’、‘保佳红’、‘京玉’、‘阿部白桃’、‘大团蜜露’、‘红岗山’、‘燕红’),研究其果肉褐化度及与果肉褐变相关的生理生化指标。结果表明:供试品种中‘霞晖6号’褐变度最高,‘保佳俊’褐变度显著低于其他品种。抗褐变的‘保佳俊’与不抗褐变的‘霞晖6号’、中度褐变的‘大久保’相比果实中总酚、类黄酮、丙二醛含量较低,并具有较低水平的多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性,具有较高水平的过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性。通过不同品种果实褐变度与相关指标的相关性分析表明,总酚含量、PPO、PAL活性与褐变度呈极显著正相关(P0.01),类黄酮、丙二醛含量以及POD活性与褐变度呈显著正相关(P0.05)。