One-pot synthesis of Cu-Ce co-doped SAPO-5/34 hybrid crystal structure catalysts for NH_3-SCR reaction with SO_2 resistance

SAPO-34,SAPO-5/34 based catalysts doped with Cu,Ce as active components were synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method by using different amounts of additive(a-cellulose),and their catalytic activities were measured for selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of NO with NH3.The synthesized Cu-Ce co-doped products switch from cubic SAPO-34,to flower-like aggregated SAPO-5/34,hybrid crystal SAPO-5/34,and finally to spherical aggregated SAPO-34 with the increase of α-cellulose amount.The Cu-Ce co-doped SAPO-5/34 hybrid crystal structure catalysts with 0.75 mol ratios of C/P(Cu-Ce/SP-0.75)exhibit excellent NH3-SCR activity with higher than 90% NO_x conversion in the temperature range of 180-450℃,at WHSV of 20000 mL/(g·h).Furthermore,the catalyst displays outstanding sulfur resistance and NO_X conversion maintains above 90% at 200-450℃ after adding 100 ppm of SO_2.The characteristic results suggest that the high deNO_X performance of Cu-Ce/SP-0.75 is due to the enhanced accessibility,abundant activity species,excellent redox property and high adsorptive and activated capacity for NH3.     

氢气竖炉内气固热质传递行为的数值模拟

随着对钢铁行业绿色低碳发展要求的日益迫切,氢气竖炉已成为目前涉及氢冶金工艺的研发焦点.由于H2还原铁氧化物为强吸热反应,氢气竖炉的供气强度主要由还原反应和加热固相炉料对应的物理能需求决定,因此造成炉内物理能与化学能的利用严重不匹配.为定量研究氢气竖炉内复杂的气固两相热质传递行为,基于双流体假设,建立氢气竖炉CFD模型,...     

Generalized mean for feature extraction in one-class classification problems

Biased discriminant analysis (BDA), which extracts discriminative features for one-class classification problems, is sensitive to outliers in negative samples. This study focuses on the drawback of BDA attributed to the objective function based on the arithmetic mean in one-class classification problems, and proposes an objective function based on a generalized mean. A novel method is also presented to effectively maximize the objective function. The experimental results show that the proposed method provides better discriminative features than the BDA and its variants.     

Port reduction in parametrized component static condensation: approximation and a posteriori error estimation

We introduce a port (interface) approximation and a posteriori error bound framework for a general component‐based static condensation method in the context of parameter‐dependent linear elliptic partial differential equations. The key ingredients are as follows: (i) efficient empirical port approximation spaces—the dimensions of these spaces may be chosen small to reduce the computational cost associated with formation and solution of the static condensation system; and (ii) a computationally tractable a posteriori error bound realized through a non‐conforming approximation and associated conditioner—the error in the global system approximation, or in a scalar output quantity, may be bounded relatively sharply with respect to the underlying finite element discretization. Our approximation and a posteriori error bound framework is of particular computational relevance for the static condensation reduced basis element (SCRBE) method. We provide several numerical examples within the SCRBE context, which serve to demonstrate the convergence rate of our port approximation procedure as well as the efficacy of our port reduction error bounds. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

DIRECT REDUCTION OF MIXED MAGNETITE AND COAL PELLETS USING INDUCTION HEATING

A low-temperature process for iron-making, using mixed pellets of magnetite and domestic coal with an organic binder was investigated. Reduction tests performed in an induction furnace resulted in a product direct reduced iron (DRI) containing 75–80% metallic iron. The coal energy consumption of 23.71?GJ/ton DRI compares favorably with current DRI processes, although the total energy consumption of 33.65?GJ/ton is relatively high for iron-making. The use of low-grade coal as a reductant may improve the economics of the process as high-grade coking coal supplies dwindle worldwide.     

Mutiphase oscillator using dissipatively coupled transmission lines with regularly spaced tunnel diodes

A generation scheme is proposed for multiphase oscillatory signals based on mutual synchronization of the oscillating pulse edges developed in point‐coupled transmission lines periodically loaded with tunnel diodes (TDs). When supplied with an appropriate voltage at the end of a TD line, a pulse edge is shown to exhibit a spatially extended limit‐cycle oscillation on the line. When two TD lines are dissipatively coupled, such edge oscillations are mutually synchronized such that two edges simultaneously pass the connecting cells. Based on this observation, the scheme employs multiple point‐coupled TD lines, wherein the first and last lines are linked at the same position. Its design criterion is obtained by applying the phase reduction method to the transmission equation of a TD line. In addition, several time‐domain calculations demonstrate the validity of the scheme. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Model study of a fuel cell range extender for a neighborhood electric vehicle (NEV)

Fuel cell systems have the potential to provide high-efficiency, low-cost power for Neighborhood Electric Vehicles (NEVs). Model results are presented examining the utility of placing a hydrogen PEM fuel cell on-board a Miles Electric ZX40ST work truck NEV as an “after-market add-on” range extender to the existing battery electric drive train, thereby creating a NEVx. Through the development and use of the Sandia-Miles-Altergy Range Test (SMART) model, we have examined the potential for a number of PEM fuel cell stack systems (with varying output power), combined with various hydrogen storage and electrical storage system configurations to achieve the desired range extension for a single 8-h work shift. Furthermore, we have evaluated the “well-to-wheels” (WTW) and greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions, and assessed the costs (both capital and O&M) for the different NEVx configurations and operating profiles.     

上海地铁一号线曲线钢轨侧磨研究

主要针对上海地铁一号线曲线钢轨侧磨进行研究,阐述了钢轨接触疲劳裂纹的产生及曲线侧磨超限过程,提出工务部门为减缓曲线侧磨超限采取的措施,从而正确认识和掌握曲线侧磨的发展规律,主动进行超前防范。     

Multifunctional Nanochemistry: Ambient,Electroless, Template-Based Synthesis and Characterization of Segmented Bimetallic Pd/Au and Pd/Pt Nanowires as High-Performance Electrocatalysts and Nanomotors

Segmented noble-metal nanowires (NWs) represent an exciting, multifunctional, one-dimensional, structural architecture with a variety of potential applications. However, the widespread use of electrodeposition in the preparation of these systems has limited their potential to be produced on a large scale, since this protocol is costly and requires complex processes and caustic reaction media. Given the inherent limitations of electrodeposition, we report, for the first time, an ambient, surfactantless, template-based approach that is not only sustainable but also efficient for the reliable production of Pd/Pt and Pd/Au segmented NWs, possessing two spatially separated, chemically distinctive, but elementally pure, axial subunits. Our simple two-step synthetic approach allows for direct and predictable control over the relative segment lengths in these nanomaterials. Moreover, thorough structural characterization of these as-prepared samples confirms that our segmented NWs maintain high-quality, crystalline, elementally pure subunits with a well-defined interface between the constituent metals. In the context of preparing segmented NWs as multifunctional nanostructures, we demonstrate that these as-prepared NWs achieve high levels of performance when employed as both electrocatalysts and nanomotors.     

节能减排——暖通空调(设计)行业面临的机遇和挑战

以“十二五”国家节能减排指标为起点,分析了“十二五”国家节能减排指标给暖通空调(设计)行业带来的机遇和挑战；结合暖通空调(设计)行业现状,从设计观念、技术水平等五个方面提出了暖通空调(设计)行业存在的主要问题；分别从行业转型发展和具体发展对策两方面提出了要实现“十二五”国家节能减排指标暖通空调(设计)行业应当采取的对策；最后根据暖通空调(设计)行业的发展需求,向政府提出了若干条建议.