The Relevance of Laboratory Studies to Practical Situations

By their very nature laboratory experiments are at best only rough and approximate models of any real-life situation. First of all the possible independent variables that influence behaviour in any practical situation, a laboratory experiment selects only a. few for test. As a result, hidden or unsuspected interactions in real-life may easily nullify, or even reverse, conclusions arrived at in the laboratory. Second, variables always change when they are brought into the laboratory. Third, the effect of controlling extraneous or irrelevant variables in the laboratory is to increase the precision of an experiment but at the risk of discovering effects so small that they are of no practical importance. Fourth, the dependent variables (or criteria) used in laboratory experiments are variables of convenience. Rarely are they selected for their relevance to some practical situation. Last, the methods used to present variables in the laboratory are sometimes artificial and unrealistic. The safest and most honest conclusion to draw from all these considerations is that one should generalize with extreme caution from the results of laboratory experiments to the solution of practical problems.     

Some quadrature formulas for functions partially holomorphic with respect to each variable in a Jordan polydomain in C 2 and a complex double integral formula

In this paper, quadrature formulas with remaining term in integral form for functions partially holomorphic with respect to each variable in a Jordan polydomain in C ² and a complex double integral formula are given. For this, we used the Cauchy Integral formula for Jordan polydomain in C ².     

Videotext technology: an overview with special reference to transaction processing as an interactive service or Everything you never wanted to know about text on TV and were terrified that someone would tell you

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of videotext technology with specific reference to transaction processing. Transaction processing is taken to include: banking, shopping, ticket booking and the downline loading of software. The overview characterizes the interactive transaction services offered by videotext systems. First, the hardware aspects of delivery of the information are considered including broadcast delivery and telephone and cable network delivery. Second, the software aspects of the construction of the information are discussed, including character and graphics (picture) generation. Last, the interactive services offered on videotext systems are reviewed, including transaction modes, dialogue types, task elements and user classification. Conclusions are drawn with respect to the suitability of videotext systems for different modes of transaction processing.     

A consistency and consensus based decision support model for group decision making with multiplicative preference relations

In group decision making (GDM) with multiplicative preference relations (also known as pairwise comparison matrices in the Analytical Hierarchy Process), to come to a meaningful and reliable solution, it is preferable to consider individual consistency and group consensus in the decision process. This paper provides a decision support model to aid the group consensus process while keeping an acceptable individual consistency for each decision maker. The concept of an individual consistency index and a group consensus index is introduced based on the Hadamard product of two matrices. Two algorithms are presented in the designed support model. The first algorithm is utilized to convert an unacceptable preference relation to an acceptable one. The second algorithm is designed to assist the group in achieving a predefined consensus level. The main characteristics of our model are that: (1) it is independent of the prioritization method used in the consensus process; (2) it ensures that each individual multiplicative preference relation is of acceptable consistency when the predefined consensus level is achieved. Finally, some numerical examples are given to verify the effectiveness of our model.     

基坑桩锚支护结构设计问题探讨

桩锚支护结构作为基坑支护的重要形式应用较广,但不少设计方案中涉及结构计算与构造措施的内容不甚恰当,造成设计安全隐患或不必要的浪费.通过对桩锚支护结构中排桩、锚杆（索）、冠梁、腰梁等构件受力、变形计算及部分易混淆问题的探讨,得出部分设计经验供参考.     

基于贝叶斯理论的不确定度评定

传统的测量不确定评定是A类、B类评定,与这两类评定方法不同,提出了一种基于贝叶斯理论的测量不确定度评定方法.此方法综合了历史信息和当前样本信息,通过建立贝叶斯模型得出后验分布,从而进行测量不确定度评定.通过实例说明,贝叶斯评定比A类评定更为合理.     

中国当代壁画的“缺席”与“在场”

从中国当代壁画的主题、表现语言、政府的支持程度等不同层面进行了论述,梳理、分析了其中的问题所在.与其他艺术相比,中国当代壁画总是处在一种＂缺席＂的状态,中国当代壁画要想获得重新＂在场＂的契机,必须剖析其本身从形式到公众性缺失等方面的诸多问题.     

加强高校对外交流,提升国家文化软实力

基于美国约瑟夫.奈教授提出的＂软实力＂（soft power）的理论,分析了我国高校开展对外交流在提升国家文化软实力的作用和尚待发挥的潜在优势,并结合福州大学等高校的案例分析了文化软实力视野下的高校对外交流的发展路径,力图从更高的角度来提升高校对外交流的实效。     

环海峡经济圈视野下的海西社区教育发展探析

社区教育与区域经济发展相辅相成,环海峡经济圈视野下的海西社区教育要充分发挥驱动作用,须结合区域经济的发展特点,从而确定社区教育的发展模式。研究表明,建立多元参与的运行机制、侧重对职业流动者的教育、加强海峡两岸的文化交流等内容应为海西社区教育的发展重点与特色。与此同时,海西社区教育的发展模式应立足于各社区的实际情况,有所区别地从数量增长、质量提升及结构优化入手,多维度地发展社区教育,从而使其成为环海峡经济圈建设的重要驱动力。