PIXE法分析棉酚对大鼠血清中微量元素的影响

PIXE(质子激发X射线发射)分析法适合分析生物医学样品中的微量元素。分析血清不仅取样方便和制靶容易,而且能观察某些疾病与血中微量元素异常的关系。 棉酚是我国发现的男性避孕药,具有肯定的抗生育作用。但也发现个别用药者出现肌无力等症。我们考虑到棉酚的副作用可能与它对人体内某些元素的影响有关。本实验用PIXE法分析大鼠血清中的微量元素,观察了醋酸棉酚对这些元素的影响。     

上海光源剂量联锁PLC系统和故障记录

上海光源恒流注入模式需建立辐射剂量硬件联锁。剂量联锁系统以PLC为基础,采用一主站四从站的现场总线布局,通过语句表编程实现逻辑综合,并具有故障记录功能。程序采用字逻辑将状态输入与设定屏蔽位图进行比较,逐个模块地检查有无累积剂量超限输入和瞬时剂量超限输入,综合后经断开延时形成累积剂量联锁输出和瞬时剂量联锁输出。程序通过双字逻辑比较,得到新近发生的故障位置和故障时间,形成故障记录。故障记录功能有助于参与联锁探测器的故障定点诊断和维护。     

Optical Spectroscopic Investigation of Ar/CH_3OH and Ar/N_2/CH_3OH Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets

Ar/CH3OH and Ar/N2/CH3OH plasma jets were generated at atmospheric pressure by dual-frequency excitations. Two different cases were studied with focus laid on the generation of CN radicals. In one case Ar gas passed through a bubbler with saturated methanol steam but without addition of N2 （Ar/CH3OH plasma）. In the other case N2 passed through the bubbler with saturated methanol steam （Ar/N2/CH3OH plasma）. The optical emission lines of CN radicals have been observed in these two cases of plasma discharges. The addition of N2 can significantly increase the optical emission intensity of CN bands.     

碳化硅结势垒肖特基二极管的质子辐射效应

碳化硅结势垒肖特基二极管(SiC JBS)是新一代航天器电推进系统的关键部件,但高能粒子辐射严重威胁其可靠性与稳定性。为揭示其辐射损伤机理,为其抗辐射加固设计与考核评估储备数据,本研究基于加速器开展了先进商用SiC JBS 10~20 MeV中能质子地面辐照实验,并提取器件辐照前后的正向伏安特性、反向伏安特性、电容电压等电学参数及缺陷特性。系统分析器件关键特性随辐照条件的改变规律。结果显示,质子辐照引起了器件肖特基势垒升高、载流子浓度降低,且10 MeV较低能质子导致的位移损伤退化更严重。分析认为,PN结界面缺陷导致高性能商用SiC JBS反向电学性能对中能质子的辐照更加敏感,正向特性相对稳定,辐照生碳缺陷造成载流子去除效应是引起SiC JBS性能退化的主要机制。     

小剂量辐射影响B16黑色素瘤血道肺转移作用机制研究

Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６小鼠经７．５ｃＧｙＸ线全身照射后２４ｈ静脉注射＾１２５ＩＵｄＲ标记的Ｂ１６黑色素瘤细胞，２４ｈ后测定肺活瘤细胞存留率时发现，照射组小鼠的肺活瘤细胞存瘤率明显降低。与此同时，于照射后２４ｈ检测小鼠的免疫功能发现，照射组小鼠脾脏有核细胞数明显增多，脾细胞ＮＫ细胞毒活性及体内巨噬细胞功能均显著增强，结果提示，小剂量辐射可能通过提高ＮＫ细胞，巨噬细胞功能而加速肺内瘤细胞的清除速率。     

表面n沟CCD的电离辐射损伤

本文报道了150光敏元表面n沟CCD(电荷耦合器件)在不同能量电子和γ射线辐照后的电离辐射效应。试验结果表明,转移失效率在≤10Gy时已明显增大。但大多数器件在累积剂量≤50Gy时,通过调整“胖零”注入仍可工作。在高剂量辐照期间,不同栅偏压器件的转移效率退化存在较大差异。应用高频和准静态C-V技术分析了参数退化的原因。     

外源RNA促进小鼠肠腺辐射损伤恢复的研究

ＢＡＬＢ／ ｃ小鼠１０４０ｃＧｙ＾６０Ｃｏγ射线腹部照射后，采用不同一源的ＲＮＡ、不同的注入剂量、途径、时间和次数等因素，研究外源ＲＮＡ对空肠肠腺存活率的影响。结果表明（１）不同来源的ＲＮＡ均可明显提高受照小鼠的腺存活率。（２）酵母ＲＮＡ的洲入剂量与肠腺存尖率之间呈一钟形曲线，局部肠腔注入的最适剂量为４０－６０μｇ／小鼠，腹腔和肌肉注入时为８０μｇ／小鼠。     

气管滴注99mTc-C60(OH)x大鼠的SPECT显像观察

为了解C60(OH)x经呼吸道进入体内后的分布情况,用放射性标记技术和单光子发射计算机断层(Single photon emission computed tomography,SPECT)成像技术,研究了99mTc-C60(OH)x经气管滴注后在SD大鼠体内分布、吸收和代谢的情况,及其与纳米颗粒粒径的依赖关系.用99mTc标记了富勒烯多羟基衍生物C60(OH)x(x=22,24),标记率为93%.标记物在体外和体内都有良好的稳定性.比较了99mTc-C60(OH)x和Na99mTcO4经气管滴注后在SD大鼠体内的SPECT成像.结果表明,与水溶性的小分子Na99mTcO4不同,纳米尺度的99mTc-C60(OH)x标记物大多滞留于肺中,且清除缓慢;少部分99mTc-C60(OH)x能迅速通过肺泡-毛细管屏障进入血液,主要分布于肝、骨和脾中,并通过肾代谢排泄,显示了纳米颗粒生物分布的主要特征.由此可见,纳米颗粒穿越气血屏障的能力与颗粒物的粒径相关.研究结果为纳米颗粒的呼吸毒性研究提供了重要基础资料.     

Kaiser Effect in Rock Salt

Using the results of experiments with rock salt samples under various loading regimes as an example, the regularities of the Kaiser effect formation and manifestation in rocks with plastic properties are investigated.     

Environmental sustainability assessment of buildings in hot climates: the case of the UAE

Sustainability has acquired great importance due to the negative impact of various developments on the environment. The rapid growth during the last decade has been accompanied by active construction which, in some instances, neglected the impact on the environment and human activities. The impact of developments on the traditional heritage has not been taken into consideration although the latter represents a rich resource for sustainable building practices. The study aims at examining these developments in the UAE using an assessment tool that measures the performance of buildings in terms of their sustainability. This study attempts to: (a) develop a comprehensive definition of sustainability to suit UAE needs; (b) classify sustainable building practices at international and regional levels; (c) assess building performance in the UAE; and (d) establish guidelines for future sustainable architecture. T-Sol software was used to predict the CO₂ emission level in selected buildings in the UAE. Results illustrate that average energy use/area in domestic buildings is high (213 kWh/m²) and public buildings showed less sustainable measures in terms of energy features, energy performance and environmental features. Issues considered in the assessment of buildings such as energy use per square metre and CO₂ emission are alarming. Traditional buildings in the UAE were more sustainable than contemporary buildings, however.