Einfluss imperfekter Ringflanschverbindungen auf die Ermüdungsfestigkeit von kreiszylindrischen Stützen

Bei Seilbahnen, Windenergieanlagen, Kaminen etc. werden oft turmartige Stahlkonstruktionen aus kreiszylindrischen oder konischen Rohrabschnitten verwendet, welche mittels L‐förmiger Flanschverbindungen verschraubt sind. Auf Grund von Imperfektionen zufolge Schweißverzug und hohen dynamischen Beanspruchungen werden häufig die Grenzen der Beanspruchbarkeit der Flanschverbindungen erreicht. In vielen Fällen ist nicht der Nachweis der Traglast (ULS) von Bedeutung, vielmehr ist der Grenzzustand der Ermüdung (FLS) maßgebend für die Dimensionierung. Der vorliegende Beitrag beinhaltet die Untersuchung imperfekter Ringflanschverbindungen von kreisförmigen Seilbahnstützen auf Ermüdung. An einem Bauteilversuch im Maßstab 1 : 1 wurde die Ermüdungsfestigkeit der gesamten Flanschverbindung (Schrauben, Schweißnaht, Rohrmantel) untersucht. Parallel durchgeführte FE‐Berechnungen dienen als Vergleich zu den Laborergebnissen. Zum Abschluss wird eine Möglichkeit der Berücksichtigung der Flanschimperfektionen für die praktische Bemessung aufgezeigt. Effects of imperfect ring flange connections on the fatigue resistance of cylindrical columns. For cableway installations, wind turbines, chimneys etc. often tower‐like steel constructions from cylindrical or conical tubing sections are used, which are bolted by means of L‐shaped flange connections. Due to imperfections from welding distortion and high dynamic loads the resistance of the flange connections will be frequently achieved. In many cases the ultimate load (ULS) proof becomes less important and the fatigue assessment (FLS) is determining the dimensions. This contribution contains investigations of imperfect flange connections of circular cable car towers on fatigue. A large scale test was performed to prove the fatigue strength of the entire flange connection (bolts, welding seam, tube section). Parallel accomplished FE‐computations serve as comparison to the laboratory test results. As conclusion a possible procedure to consider flange imperfections for the practical dimensioning is pointed out.     

一种新的几何约束系统参数取值范围的计算方法

在利用参数化CAD系统进行图形设计的过程中,通过修改图形对象的可变参数重新生成图形是最常见的一种操作。但用户在改变参数的过程中,由于事先并不知道有效的参数值,也没有任何引导信息,导致了用户只能盲目地不断输入参数值,通过反复输入参数值来满足约束关系的需要。该文将结构约束引入参数有效取值范围求解的范畴,并提出了确定一类常用的二维参数化CAD模型中参数的有效范围的计算方法和算法。算法复杂度为O（n2）。     

图像分割中区域灰度重叠问题研究

通过对图像不同区域灰度强度重叠问题以及图像平滑与滤波概念差异的分析,发现图像平滑对于无噪声污染图像的分割具有抑制次要目标、加剧区域边界渐变的作用,认为对图像进行平滑处理可以减小区域灰度重叠,产生过渡区域便于图像中特定目标的分割。实验表明图像灰度重叠是实现正确分割的障碍,图像平滑可以消除或减弱它的影响。     

生鲜肉贮藏温度术语浅析

肉类工业是第一大食品产业和国民经济支柱产业.生鲜肉占肉与肉制品生产与消费量的80％,而贮藏是生鲜肉消费最重要的环节,低温贮藏是生鲜肉贮藏的较优方法之一.根据贮藏温度不同,生鲜肉的贮藏可分为冷藏、冰温、超冰温、微冻、冻结/冻藏等,但一直以来概念混淆不清、温度范围模糊,影响了肉类生产和行业的规范运行.本文综述低温贮藏中冷藏...     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

从实际出发走自己的路——十一所激光早期发展中的点滴体会

在简述十一所固体激光技术发展史之后,阐述个人在十一所早期激光研究工作中的一些体会:从当时实际情况出发,确定十一所激光研究方向;抓住运动目标探测的主要矛盾,努力攻克高重复频率器件技术关;选准突破口,全力以赴拿下靶场激光测距技术;扩大战果,积极推广应用;夯实技术基础,保持发展后劲。在40多年工作中,形成了十一所自己的特色,为国防和国民经济建设做出了重要贡献。     

基于光子晶体方形谐振器的可调谐光信号分离器

在二维光子晶体结构中通过调节光子晶体方形谐振器PCSRs(Photonic Crystal Square Resonators)与波导的耦合长度、耦合宽度、及其耦合柱半径优化设计了光信号分离器.借助于CMT(Coupled-Mode Theory)理论定性分析了两个PCSRs存在相互作用时,结构中波导与谐振腔之间的电磁波耦合性能,用FDTD方法研究了两信道传输工作特性.表明在设计的参数范围中,基于PCSRs的信号分离器具有高正规化传输率、窄带宽、平稳的信号传输强度,中心波长调谐范围宽的特性.该类结构可用于同一中心波长信号的功率二等均分,也可用于不同中心波长信号的分离.该微型结构在片上的光路设计将是一类有潜力的构筑模块,适于光通信领域波分解复用设计、光路集成设计等方面.     

改进卡尔曼滤波在北斗伪距定位中的研究

针对最小二乘迭代法定位精度不高和卡尔曼滤波迭代收敛次数较多并对初始位置过于敏感的缺点,采用最小二乘迭代法和改进的卡尔曼滤波相结合的模型方法,该算法先用最小二乘迭代法对初始位置进行定位,再用改进的卡尔曼法进行滤波,仿真结果表明,该算法与最小二乘迭代法、卡尔曼滤波法、最小二乘和卡尔曼滤波结合等现有算法相比,其迭代5次达到收敛,迭代次数最少,且定位精度提高了60%。该算法可在北斗伪距定位上进行应用,可用于导航定位、也可用于网络RTK初始位置的定位。     

Cyclic-Pursuit-Based Circular Formation Control of Mobile Agents with Limited Communication Ranges and Communication Delays

This article addresses the circular formation control problem of a multi-agent system moving on a circle in the presence of limited communication ranges and communication delays. To minimize the number of communication links, a novel distributed controller based on a cyclic pursuit strategy is developed in which each agent needs only its leading neighbour’s information. In contrast to existing works, we propose a set of new potential functions to deal with heterogeneous communication ranges and communication delays simultaneously. A new framework based on the admissible upper bound of the formation error is established so that both connectivity maintenance and order preservation can be achieved at the same time. It is shown that the multi-agent system can be driven to the desired circular formation as time goes to infinity under the proposed controller. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by some simulation examples.     

A decision-support method for multi-parameter editing of parametric CAD models

Parametric modeling is a computer-aided design (CAD) paradigm where a design can be created by defining geometric constraints with parameters. In design change as well as design optimization, the design is often edited by modifying the values of relevant parameters. Without guidance on allowable parameter ranges that can guarantee the intrinsic solvability of the geometric constraint system, the user could assign improper values to the model’s parameters, which would further lead to a failure in model updating. However, current commercial CAD systems provide little support on such guidance. Existing methods, though able to compute allowable ranges for individual parameters, face difficulties in handling multi-parameter situations. To solve this problem, a systematic method is proposed, supporting decision-making in multi-parameter model editing by computing allowable parameter ranges. In the method, a set of variable parameters from the geometric constraint system are first selected by the user; these variable parameters are to be sequentially edited within several editing operations. Before each editing operation, 1D allowable ranges of the variable parameters are computed. By editing parameter values within the provided ranges, the solvability of the geometric constraint system can be guaranteed. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach is verified by several experimental results.