乳制品中生物活性肽的研究进展

乳制品在生产加工和体内消化过程中会产生一系列生理功能显著的生物活性肽。本文综述了乳制品中生物活性肽的产生途径、生物活性肽的种类和生理功能、生物活性肽的商业化应用以及其安全性,为进一步开发和利用生物活性肽奠定基础。      

基于灰色关联模型的食品安全监管满意度影响因素分析

主要对食品安全监管满意度的主要影响因素进行分析。针对食品安全监管满意度影响因素众多的问题,使用食品安全法律体系规范程度、食品行业监管与执法力度、食品安全宣传力度、食品安全认证机制完善程度、食品安全事件政府应急反应能力建设等影响因素设置调查问卷。根据调研得到的数据,通过灰色关联分析的方法寻找影响食品安全监管满意度的最重要影响因素,并把上述5个因素按重要程度进行排序。根据实际调研数据得到的计算结果,发现食品安全认证机制完善程度对食品安全监管满意度的影响程度最大,食品行业监管与执法力度次之。因而政府在提升食品安全监管满意度时,应着力从食品安全认证机制完善程度、加强食品行业监管与执法力度方面入手,提升民众的食品安全监管满意度。      

基于新疆特色林果产品的质量安全追溯体系研究

为了保证新疆特色林果产品的持续优质化及可追溯性,通过新疆特色林果质量安全实时监控系统信息流程、追溯信息系统结构、前馈与反馈耦合的超前管理控制模型、质量安全追溯预警模型及其整体网络平台设计,解析了新疆特色林果质量安全追溯体系的组成及设计方法。本研究为新疆特色林果产品质量安全管理提供了有效手段,实践应用效果初步表明采用此理论研究成果建立完善新疆林果质量安全追溯体系可行,能为生产基地管理者、果品经营者、职能管理部门及消费者提供便捷可靠的信息咨询,并为相关农产品质量追溯提供借鉴。      

日本雪印乳业集团食品安全事件及企业社会责任体系重构的追踪研究

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Rapid Proteomic Characterization of Bacteriocin-Producing Enterococcus faecium Strains from Foodstuffs

Enterococcus belongs to a group of microorganisms known as lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which constitute a broad heterogeneous group of generally food-grade microorganisms historically used in food preservation. Enterococci live as commensals of the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals, although they also are present in food of animal origin (milk, cheese, fermented sausages), vegetables, and plant materials because of their ability to survive heat treatments and adverse environmental conditions. The biotechnological traits of enterococci can be applied in the food industry; however, the emergence of enterococci as a cause of nosocomial infections makes their food status uncertain. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing allow the subtyping of bacterial pathogens, but it cannot reflect the temporal dynamics and functional activities of microbiomes or bacterial isolates. Moreover, genetic analysis is based on sequence homologies, inferring functions from databases. Here, we used an end-to-end proteomic workflow to rapidly characterize two bacteriocin-producing Enterococcus faecium (Efm) strains. The proteome analysis was performed with liquid chromatography coupled to a trapped ion mobility spectrometry-time-of-flight mass spectrometry instrument (TimsTOF) for high-throughput and high-resolution characterization of bacterial proteins. Thus, we identified almost half of the proteins predicted in the bacterial genomes (>1100 unique proteins per isolate), including quantifying proteins conferring resistance to antibiotics, heavy metals, virulence factors, and bacteriocins. The obtained proteomes were annotated according to function, resulting in 22 complete KEGG metabolic pathway modules for both strains. The workflow used here successfully characterized these bacterial isolates and showed great promise for determining and optimizing the bioengineering and biotechnology properties of other LAB strains in the food industry.     

COVID-19, Vaccination,and Female Fertility in the Czech Republic

The fast-track process to approve vaccines against COVID-19 has raised questions about their safety, especially in relation to fertility. Over the last 2 years, studies have appeared monitoring female fertility, especially from assisted reproduction centers or in animal experiments. However, studies monitoring healthy populations are still limited. The aim of our study was to monitor the relevant parameters of female fertility (sex and other steroids, LH, FSH, SHBG, Antimüllerian hormone and antral follicle count) before and then 2–4 months after the third dose of vaccination against COVID-19 in a group of 25 healthy fertile woman. In addition, anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-SARS-CoV-2S antibodies were determined. We did not observe significant changes in the measured parameters before and after the third dose of vaccination. By comparing levels of the analytes with antibodies indicating a prior COVID-19 infection, we found that women who had experienced the disease had statistically lower levels of estrone, estradiol, SHBG and 5α-dihydroprogesterone, and conversely, higher levels of androgen active dehydroepiandrosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Our results confirm that vaccination does not affect female fertility, and that what fertile women should be worried about is not vaccination, but rather COVID-19 infection itself.     

风门对矿井火灾烟气流动特性影响的数值模拟研究

为了明确煤矿钻孔煤粉着火影响因素,以及各个因素在火灾防治中的重要性,结合山西保利平山煤矿2次钻孔着火事故,采用层次分析法对钻孔煤粉着火影响因素进行定性定量分析,确定各个影响因素在钻孔着火防治中所占权重。结果表明：施工人员应急处理、施工人员规范作业、监控监测、钻孔施工工艺等是防止钻孔着火的关键因素。同时,根据分析结果中的优先考虑因素,提出一系列防止钻孔煤粉着火的技术建议与治理技术措施,可为煤矿钻孔煤粉着火防治提供科学的理论依据,以进一步促进煤矿安全生产。

     

海洋鱼类雪卡毒素的研究进展

雪卡毒素(Ciguatoxin,CTX)是一种重要的海洋鱼类毒素。近年来,雪卡毒素引起的食物中毒事件在我国呈增多趋势。本文通过对雪卡毒素(Ciguatoxin,CTX)的来源、分布、传播载体、化学与毒性特性、中毒爆发情况和检测技术等进行综述,以期为我国建立有效的鱼类雪卡毒素检测方法、构建可靠的雪卡毒素监测预警技术体系,保障消费者的食用安全提供参考。      

刀柱式老采空区上行长壁开采的采矿安全评价

为保证刀柱式老采空区上行长壁开采安全,需要对层间岩体在采动压力作用下的稳定性进行评价,并合理确定长壁工作面的开采技术参数.基于对层间岩体在采动过程中的受力分析,综合考虑层间岩体的黏聚力、摩擦阻力、采动压力、岩体自重、刀柱残余承载力等因素的作用,提出了评价层间岩体稳定性的安全系数法.如果安全系数大于1,则可以认为在上行开采过程中层间岩体能够保持稳定.采用数值模拟方法研究了上行长壁工作面不同开采参数对层间岩体稳定性的影响.结果表明,长壁工作面宽度、护巷煤柱宽度对层间岩体稳定性影响明显.在刀柱式老采空区进行上行长壁开采,应减小工作面开采宽度,增大工作面护巷煤柱尺寸.     

基于模糊数学的煤矿安全管理评价

针对煤矿在生产过程中受到各种危险因素的制约且各影响因素大都具有模糊性特点这一问题,通过对各因素指标的总结和分类,运用模糊数学的方法,建立了二级煤矿安全综合评价模型,并以平顶山十三矿为例对瓦斯突出风险进行安全评价,结果表明该模型具有实用性和可操作性。