提高陶瓷科技信息服务能力促进我国陶瓷企业技术创新

指出陶瓷科技信息服务应贯穿陶瓷技术创新的全过程,并对促进陶瓷技术的创新起着重要的作用。     

Systematics of salt precipitation in complexes of polyethylene oxide and alkali metal iodides

Conductivity measurements in PEO₃₀MI polymer electrolytes with M=Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs over the temperature range from about 65 to 200 °C show an increasing tendency for salt precipitation with increasing cation size. The salt precipitation in these complexes upon heating is revealed by the decrease of the dc conductivity starting at a critical temperature T_c. Whereas LiI and NaI complexes do not show precipitation effects, T_c monotonically decreases from about 140 to 65 °C when changing the salt component from KI via RbI to CsI. For the PEO-RbI system, precipitation is further investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and tracer diffusion experiments. NMR analysis unambiguously demonstrates the onset of RbI salt precipitation and the increase of the precipitate fraction with increasing temperature. In diffusion experiments on PEO₃₀RbI with the radiotracers and , the precipitation effect is manifested by anomalous features in the penetration profiles, however, without noticeable changes in their depth range. Combining the resulting tracer diffusion coefficients with the dc conductivity data enables us to assess crucial parameters characterizing ionic transport in PEO₃₀RbI.     

蛇纹石尾矿固体废弃物资源化的途径

蛇纹石尾矿是蛇纹石开采、利用过程中产生的固体废弃物,是我国排放量较大的矿业固体废弃物之一,也是可回收利用的二次资源。本文介绍了蛇纹石尾矿对环境的危害,分析了蛇纹石尾矿的物理化学性质,总结出资源化利用的途径。     

NaWuReT-Workshop: Forschung in der Reaktionstechnik für und mit der Gesellschaft

In this article, the results of the NaWuReT (Early Career Reaction Engineers) workshop on the topic “Are we doing relevant science?” are presented. The topics “(In)surmountable hurdles for Citizen Scientists in reaction engineering?” and “Circular Economy in reaction engineering with/for society?” were discussed. Therefrom, a variety of ideas and suggestions were extracted.     

油田污泥基高强陶粒的制备及性能优化

为了解决危废油田污泥的堆存处置问题,研制了一种以油田污泥(简称油泥)为原料,以黄土、黄沙和黏土为添加剂的油泥烧结陶粒.通过单因素试验探究油泥最大掺量及最佳烧制工艺条件,并利用电子扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和能谱仪(EDS)探究陶粒的显微结构、物相组成和内外层元素分布特征.结果表明,在油泥掺量为60％(质...     

萍乡废弃煤矸石理化特性及热活化性能研究

为研究不同种类煤矸石的理化特性及煅烧温度对其活化程度的影响,以萍乡废弃煤矸石不同矿区样A、样B、样C为研究对象,开展了XRD测试、物理性能试验、高温试验及力学性能试验,从理化特征、力学特征、表观特征等方面对煤矸石进行了基本性能及热活化性能分析.结果表明:不同种类煤矸石的理化特性不同,活性物质含量高的煤矸石活性较高;与样...     

碳纤维增强微孔可燃壳体的制备及性能研究

为改善以黑索金(RDX)为含能组分、二醋酸纤维素(CA)为黏结剂的可燃壳体的力学性能,在此基础配方上添加适量碳纤维(CF),然后通过超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO2)发泡技术制备了微孔可燃壳体;采用扫描电子显微镜和落锤冲击试验机,分别研究了发泡前后可燃壳体的断面形貌和力学性能。结果表明,添加适量的CF,可提高可燃壳体的冲击强度,且冲击强度随着CF添加量的增大而增大;当CF的质量分数为1.0%时,未发泡可燃壳体的力学性能最优,冲击强度由5.11kJ/m²提高到8.20kJ/m²,增幅达60.47%;增大饱和压力、发泡温度和发泡时间都能够增大泡孔直径,但发泡温度高于130℃会导致泡孔合并;发泡将降低壳体的力学性能,但采用受限发泡制得的可燃壳体的冲击强度优于自由发泡法,当发泡时间为180s时,受限发泡的冲击强度由自由发泡时的5.93kJ/m²升至6.34kJ/m²。     

废橡胶热裂解技术现状及发展方向

废橡胶是继白色污染之后又一大污染——黑色污染,是世界性的又一大难题,其中比重最大的就是废轮胎,世界各国尤其是发达国家纷纷致力于轮胎的回收利用研究.特别是其回收产品的再利用:一方面解决资源的短缺;另一方面获取较高的经济价值.经长期的探究,人们发现与翻新、制造胶粉和再生胶、作沥青填料、直接作为燃料焚烧等处理方法相比,热裂解...     

废旧家用电器塑料资源化利用及发展趋势

塑料是家用电器中广泛使用的原材料,如何高效高值地回收利用废旧家用电器塑料是至关重要的问题.各种塑料依据其性能优势在家电产品中得到广泛应用,并呈现轻量、健康和环保的发展趋势.通过对我国废塑料再生行业的政策和标准进行梳理和分析,综述了废塑料回收利用现状.最后,提出了发展建议:在生产者责任延伸制度的推动下,废旧家用电器塑料行...     

Microstructural,mechanical, and thermal properties of microwave-sintered KLS-1 lunar regolith simulant

KLS-1 Lunar regolith simulant was microwave sintered to explore its potential applicability in future lunar construction. The effects of sintering temperature on linear shrinkage, density, porosity, and microstructural, mechanical, and thermal properties were investigated. As the sintering temperature increased, linear shrinkage and density increased and porosity decreased. Structural evolution in the sintered samples was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Unconfined compressive strength testing showed that mechanical strength increased significantly with increasing sintering temperature, with 1120 °C giving the highest strength of 37.0 ± 4.8 MPa. The sintered samples exhibited a coefficient of thermal expansion of approximately 5 × 10⁻⁶ °C⁻¹, which was well-maintained even after cyclic temperature stress between −100 and 200 °C. Therefore, this microwave processing appears promising for the fabrication of building material with sufficient mechanical strength and thermal durability for lunar construction.