Synthesis and physicochemical characterization of amphiphilic block copolymer self‐aggregates formed by poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(ϵ‐caprolactone)

Diblock copolymers with different poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) block lengths were synthesized by ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone in the presence of monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG‐OH, MW 2000) as initiator. The self‐aggregation behaviors and microscopic characteristics of the diblock copolymer self‐aggregates, prepared by the diafiltration method, were investigated by using ¹H NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The PEG–PCL block copolymers formed the self‐aggregate in an aqueous environment by intra‐ and/or intermolecular association between hydrophobic PCL chains. The critical aggregation concentrations of the block copolymer self‐aggregate became lower with increasing hydrophobic PCL block length. On the other hand, reverse trends of mean hydrodynamic diameters were measured by DLS owing to the increasing bulkiness of the hydrophobic chains and hydrophobic interaction between the PCL microdomains. The partition equilibrium constants (K_v) of pyrene, measured by fluorescence spectroscopy, revealed that the inner core hydrophobicity of the nanoparticles increased with increasing PCL chain length. The aggregation number of PCL chain per one hydrophobic microdomain, investigated by the fluorescence quenching method using cetylpyridinium chloride as a quencher, revealed that 4–20 block copolymer chains were needed to form a hydrophobic microdomain, depending on PCL block length. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 3520–3527, 2006     

无三苯CR/SBS/MMA/BA自交联鞋用胶粘剂的研制

采用复合引发剂 ,以N 羟甲基丙烯酰胺 (NAM )及丙烯酸 (AA)为功能单体 ,与CR、苯乙烯 丁二烯嵌段共聚物 (SBS)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯 (BA)进行多元共混接枝共聚 ,再配以混合型增粘树脂 ,研制出不含苯、甲苯和二甲苯 (简称三苯 )自交联环保型鞋用胶粘剂。探讨了SBS用量、MMA/BA配比、功能单体NAM及AA用量对胶粘剂粘合性能的影响。结果表明 ,CR/SBS/MMA/BA/AA/NAM自交联型接枝胶粘剂对非极性鞋材的粘合性能明显优于CR/MMA/BA三元接枝胶和CR/SBS/MMA/BA四元接枝胶。     

Effect of Resins on Asphaltene Self‐Association and Solubility

In previous studies, asphaltenes and resins have been treated as two distinct fractions of a crude oil. The asphaltenes were assumed to be the only self‐associating fraction. However, there is evidence that resins also participate in this self‐association. In this study, molar masses of mixtures of asphaltenes and resins were measured with vapour pressure osmometry. Precipitation from the same mixtures dispersed in solutions of toluene and pentane were also measured. The data were modelled with previously developed self‐association and precipitation models. Model results with asphaltenes and resins characterized as a single distribution and as individual components are compared. The data and the modelling suggest that asphaltenes and resins are better characterized as a single distribution of self‐associating components.     

嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌驯化条件的研究

随着办研究氧化亚铁硫杆菌结果表明,最佳培养温度为30℃左右,最佳生长pH为2.0～2.5,最佳生长初始Fe2＋浓为0115mol/L左右,在进行细菌培养时接种量取10%比较恰当。低pH值和高浓度Fe2＋驯化后,在培养温度30℃、初始pH值1.5、初始Fe2＋浓度25g/L条件下,氧化亚铁硫杆菌仍能保持一定的Fe2＋氧化活性,6天Fe2＋氧化率可达82.28%,Fe2＋平均氧化速率达3.43g/L/d,pH值的变化是先上升后下降,最后稳定在1.81。     

“主动适应”：从教育规律视角的认识

当现代大学越来越成为国家实力和国家综合竞争力的象征和标志时,“主动适应”,即大学人才培养主动适应经济社会发展的需要,或大学主动为经济社会发展服务,似乎更多关注现代大学承载的社会责任,而相应较少关注高等教育的规律。然而,“主动适应”是高等教育的办学理念,因而应从高等教育规律上进行认识和把握。     

变通理论在商务英语翻译中的应用

商务英语是一门由"商务"与"英语"有机融合的学科。国际商务英语在词法、句法和风格上的特殊性和针对性说明传统的"全译"已经不能满足现实的需求,而变通翻译理论对一些己经存在的变译现象给出合理的解释,弥补了"全译"的不足。文章试从商务英语翻译入手举例认识变通翻译理论,通过对变通翻译理论的阐述,诠释其在实际翻译工作中的应用。     

基于Matlab的展茅流域圩区防洪排涝分析

基于Matlab强大的数学计算功能与友好的界面,针对舟山市普陀区展茅流域进行防洪排涝分析,选择最不利外海潮位和内河水位组合,采用圩区排涝水文模拟法,并利用Matlab软件所提供的三次样条函数拟合、二元散乱点上的插值等工具编程实现了计算．实例说明了该方法应用的有效性．结果表明,该方法计算过程简单,可供工程设计和施工参考．     

最优小波尺度空间的图像边缘检测方法

根据图像和检测算子的特性,以相关性为准则,使用遗传算法对图像小波变换的尺度进行选择,从而构成一种自适应的高斯小波尺度空间.融合该空间下不同尺度检测的图像边缘,使得整幅图像的边缘细节丰富清晰,具有更好的抗噪性能.对测试图像使用Canny算法、单尺度、二进尺度和自适应尺度小波进行边缘检测,验证了该算法在去除噪声和准确定位方...     

水分胁迫下高羊茅幼苗的生理适应性

采用不同浓度PEG6000模拟水分胁迫处理6种高羊茅幼苗,测定了胁迫72 h后叶片叶绿素含量、相对电导率、丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性等抗旱指标,以综合评价6种高羊茅的抗旱能力。综合分析可知,6种高羊茅的苗期抗旱能力最强的是阳光宝贝。     

结合特征适配与拉普拉斯形变的3维人脸重建

目的 数字娱乐产业的发展要求3维人脸重建技术能重建高分辨率3维人脸,并具有较高计算效率和重建准确性。针对这一情况,提出一种基于单幅图像的高分辨率3维人脸重建方法。方法 该方法包含特征适配与拉普拉斯形变两部分。预先用1组3维人脸样本上的3维特征构造可变形模型。给定图像时,从其上自动提取2维特征点,并根据获得问题最优解的必要条件进行特征适配以重建个性化3维特征;然后基于拉普拉斯方法,用该3维特征对一般人脸模型进行变形以获得特定高分辨率3维人脸;最后通过纹理合成获得真实感人脸。结果 用本文方法和已有方法分别进行可变形模型适配和模型变形,本文的特征适配方法具有更快的收敛速度和更高的准确性,拉普拉斯方法具有更小的重建误差。纹理映射后的3维人脸具有很好的视觉效果。结论 本文方法将特征适配与拉普拉斯形变结合起来进行高分辨率3维人脸重建。实验结果表明所提出的方法具有较高的计算效率和准确性,能实现较为理想的高分辨率3维人脸重建。