Hot compaction of woven nylon 6,6 multifilaments

We describe a study of the hot compaction of woven nylon 6,6 multifilaments produced by a patented procedure, developed at the University of Leeds, for creating novel single‐polymer composites. In this process, an assembly of oriented elements, often in the form of a woven cloth, is held under pressure and taken to a critical temperature so that a small fraction of the surface of each oriented element is melted, which on cooling recrystallizes to form the matrix of the single‐polymer composite. This process is therefore a way of producing novel high‐volume‐fraction polymer/polymer composites in which the two phases are chemically the same material. Nylon is an obvious candidate material for this process because oriented nylon multifilaments are available on a commercial scale. The aim of this study was first to establish the conditions of temperature and pressure for the successful hot compaction of oriented nylon 6,6 fibers and second to assess the mechanical properties of the manufactured hot‐compacted nylon sheets. A crucial aspect of this work, not previously examined in hot‐compaction studies of other oriented polymers, was the sensitivity of the properties to absorbed water, with a significant change in the properties measured immediately after hot‐compaction processing and 2 weeks later when 2% water had been absorbed by the compacted nylon sheets. As expected, the water uptake had a greater effect on those properties that depended on local chain interactions (e.g., the modulus and yield strength) and less effect on those properties that depended on the large‐scale properties of the molecular network (e.g., strength). The only negative aspect of the properties of the hot‐compacted nylon sheets was the elevated‐temperature performance of the wet sample, with the modulus falling to a very low value at a temperature of 80°C. However, apart from the elevated‐temperature performance, the majority of the measured properties of the hot‐compacted nylon sheets were comparable to those of hot‐compacted polypropylene and poly(ethylene terephthalate). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 991–997, 2006     

自身蓄热式烧嘴在梭式窑中的应用

介绍了高温空气燃烧技术和自身蓄热式烧嘴的特点;结合梭式窑的工作特点,详细阐述了在梭式窑中推广使用自身蓄热式烧嘴的优越性。采用该技术,可以大量回收高温烟气的余热,从而既能提高加热能力、减少能耗和降低燃料成本,又可以促进炉内温度的均匀性。通过优化自身蓄热式烧嘴,还可以减少有害气体的排量。因此,在梭式窑中推广使用自身蓄热式烧嘴具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

基于Java框架的银医一卡通系统设计

介绍了一种基于信息共享的医院--银行一卡通的信息系统设计方案。该系统使用Web服务实现接口通信,通过自助服务器连接医院系统和银行系统实现医院与银行的信息共享。基于该系统,用户可以使用中国银行借记卡代替医院门诊卡就医,提供了良好的就医环境,提高了医疗效率。     

金氰化浸出过程建模及实时优化自适应策略

以金氰化浸出过程为背景,基于物料守恒方程建立动态机理模型,用Tikhonov正则化方法估计动力学反应速度,进而辨识模型未知参数,有效降低了测量噪声对估计及辨识结果的影响;采用实时优化约束自适应方法减小模型参数失配对优化结果的影响.仿真结果表明,在模型参数失配时,所提出的方法仍能收敛到实际过程的最优设定点,不必求实际数据梯度,且受噪声影响小,便于实际应用,为湿法冶金全流程优化控制的顺利实施奠定了基础.     

动态适应布谷鸟搜索算法

介绍一种新的生物启发算法—–布谷鸟搜索(CS)及其相关的L′evy飞行搜索机制.为了进一步提高算法的适应性,将反馈引入算法框架,建立了CS算法参数的闭环控制系统.将Rechenberg的1/5法则作为进化的评价指标,引入学习因子平衡种群的多样性和集中性,提出动态适应布谷鸟算法(DACS).最后,通过数值实验验证了所提出算法的有效性.     

Self‐assembling metal coatings from phosphated and siloxane‐modified polyurethane dispersions: An analysis of the coating–air interface

Polyurethane dispersion coatings containing phosphate and siloxane chains were evaluated for their self‐assembling properties for a single‐coating system. Dynamic contact angles (DCAs) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to study the coating–air interface. The siloxane chains were the predominant species on the surfaces of the coatings. The wetting properties of the coating–air interface were reversed when the coated panels were immersed in an ionic solution, and the decrease in hydrophobicity was linear with time. Results from XPS and DCA analyses were similar. The self‐assembling properties of the coatings could be useful in the development of hydrophobic coatings from hydrophilic polymers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 893–899, 2003     

传热设备自动清洗纽带的开孔结构优化研究

对设有开孔结构的自转清洗纽带进行了传热特性及流阻特性研究。结构优化试验的结果表明 :摩擦阻力和传热强化都随开孔面积比率的增大表现出先上升后下降的趋势 ,传热强化的幅度在 2 %— 18%之间 ,摩擦阻力系数在开孔率 18%时最大 ,其中 7#开孔比率纽带的综合性能最佳。因此 ,这种开孔结构的纽带更宜用于中低Re工况下应用 ,在 2 .0m/s以上的高流速工况下应采用高开孔率结构的纽带或螺旋带     

On adaptive sliding mode control without switching gain overestimation

This paper presents some further results on adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) for a class of nonlinear systems with bounded uncertain parameters. Given a large initial tracking error, current ASMC design generally produces an unnecessarily large switching gain, consequently leading to a serious chattering problem or a large‐amplitude control jump for the continuous counterpart. To solve such an overadaptation problem, the switching gain adaptation mechanism is first analyzed in this paper, and the adaptation induced by the initial tracking error is suggested to be removed. Then, by exploiting the global sliding mode feature of time‐varying sliding mode control and integral sliding mode control, we present two effective methodologies for ASMC design. The proposed ASMC algorithms ensure that there is no overestimation of the switching gain and the system response is not slowed down when a small switching gain is generated. The validity of the proposed methods is verified by both theoretical analysis and simulation results. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis and physicochemical characterization of amphiphilic block copolymer self‐aggregates formed by poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(ϵ‐caprolactone)

Diblock copolymers with different poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) block lengths were synthesized by ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone in the presence of monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG‐OH, MW 2000) as initiator. The self‐aggregation behaviors and microscopic characteristics of the diblock copolymer self‐aggregates, prepared by the diafiltration method, were investigated by using ¹H NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The PEG–PCL block copolymers formed the self‐aggregate in an aqueous environment by intra‐ and/or intermolecular association between hydrophobic PCL chains. The critical aggregation concentrations of the block copolymer self‐aggregate became lower with increasing hydrophobic PCL block length. On the other hand, reverse trends of mean hydrodynamic diameters were measured by DLS owing to the increasing bulkiness of the hydrophobic chains and hydrophobic interaction between the PCL microdomains. The partition equilibrium constants (K_v) of pyrene, measured by fluorescence spectroscopy, revealed that the inner core hydrophobicity of the nanoparticles increased with increasing PCL chain length. The aggregation number of PCL chain per one hydrophobic microdomain, investigated by the fluorescence quenching method using cetylpyridinium chloride as a quencher, revealed that 4–20 block copolymer chains were needed to form a hydrophobic microdomain, depending on PCL block length. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 3520–3527, 2006     

无三苯CR/SBS/MMA/BA自交联鞋用胶粘剂的研制

采用复合引发剂 ,以N 羟甲基丙烯酰胺 (NAM )及丙烯酸 (AA)为功能单体 ,与CR、苯乙烯 丁二烯嵌段共聚物 (SBS)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯 (BA)进行多元共混接枝共聚 ,再配以混合型增粘树脂 ,研制出不含苯、甲苯和二甲苯 (简称三苯 )自交联环保型鞋用胶粘剂。探讨了SBS用量、MMA/BA配比、功能单体NAM及AA用量对胶粘剂粘合性能的影响。结果表明 ,CR/SBS/MMA/BA/AA/NAM自交联型接枝胶粘剂对非极性鞋材的粘合性能明显优于CR/MMA/BA三元接枝胶和CR/SBS/MMA/BA四元接枝胶。