Quantum analysis of measurement results

It is shown that a stochastic matrix operator (quantum measurement matrix) may be considered in some cases as a density matrix. Results of measurements in the form of figure numbers, interconnected with a matrix of quantum measurements, are similar to quantum observable quantities determined in quantum statistical theory. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 12, pp. 3–8, December, 2006.     

The generalized Riemann problem method for the shallow water equations with bottom topography

This paper extends the generalized Riemann problem method (GRP) to the system of shallow water equations with bottom topography. The main contribution is that the generalized Riemann problem method (J. Comput. Phys. 1984; 55 (1):1–32) is used to evaluate the midpoint values of solutions at each cell interface so that the bottom topography effect is included in numerical fluxes, and at the same step the source term is discretized with an interface method in which only mid‐point values are plugged in. This scheme is well balanced between the flux gradient and bottom topography when incorporating the surface gradient method (SGM) (J. Comput. Phys. 2001; 168 (1):1–25) into data reconstruction step, and it is also suitable for both steady and unsteady flow simulations. We illustrate the accuracy of this scheme by several 1‐D and 2‐D numerical experiments. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅论在重视数学认知教育的同时亦应重视情感教育

本阐述在数学教学过程中，应注重优化学生的心理品质，注重学生各种素质的发展，在重视认知教育的同时，亦重视情感教育。     

触变泥浆润滑套在沉井工程中的应用

论述触变泥浆润滑套在沉井工程中的应用及主要参数。     

降低极薄金矿脉开采成本新途径的研究

傲汉旗撰山子金矿用人工底柱代替矿石顶底柱，铁溜井代替木溜井、《金属量》承包代替作业进尺的方法，减小了极薄金矿脉开采的损失率与贫化率，为同类矿山降低开采成本开创了一条新途径。     

P型CuAlO2半导体陶瓷的烧结研究

性能良好的陶瓷靶材是溅射法制备薄膜的先决条件.本文以纳米级Al2O3粉体和微米级Cu2O粉体为原料通过烧结的方法制备了P型透明导电氧化物陶瓷CuAlO2.以X射线衍射和SEM分析的方法研究了烧结温度对反应进行的影响,并在合适的温度区间里得到了具有较好P型半导体性能的陶瓷,其迁移率达到27 cm2·V-1·s-1.以它作为靶材通过真空溅射得到了迁移率为2.1 cm2·V-1·s-1的P型透明半导体薄膜.     

Harmonic solution of semiconductor transport equations for microwave and millimetre-wave device modelling

The hydrodynamic transport equations for charges in a semiconductor have been solved for a periodic excitation by means of a harmonic approach, in order to model microwave and millimetre-wave active devices. The solution is based on the expansion of physical variables in a Fourier series in the time domain, and on discretisation in the space domain. A waveform-balance technique in the TD is used to solve the nonlinear equations system. This approach allows for a longer time step with respect to standard TD solutions for most cases of interest, greatly reducing simulation time by at least two orders of magnitude in typical cases. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 14: 36–48, 2004.     

经典概率论与贝尔定理

本文证明,被双缝衍射实验否定的是如下先入为主的假定:微观粒子通过某一条缝到达屏上某处的概率,与另一条缝是否打开无关。考虑到“概率的加法定理”,这种看法可表成:“当一个粒子束通过一个带有两条缝的隔板到达一个屏上时,在两条缝同时打开的条件下单个粒子落在屏上某处的概率,等于在两条缝轮流打开的条件下该粒子落在该处的两个概率之和。”把两条缝同时打开还是轮流打开这样的实验条件称为“通道条件”,则上述命题可表成“概率不依赖于通道条件”。 另一方面,按照上面的用语,量子力学中的“概率幅的迭加原理”应表成“概率幅不依赖于通道条件”。相应地,我们把“概率不依赖于通道条件”这一错误的命题称为“概率的迭加假定”。 由于没有引进“通道条件”,人们混淆了“概率的迭加假定”和“概率的加法定理”两个命题。经典物理学默认概率的迭加假定,从而不能理解双缝衍射实验;量子力学则相反,为了说明双缝衍射实验而否定概率的加法公式,从而遇到诠释上的困难。 任何替代量子力学解释量子现象的理论都得说明双缝衍射实验,这就必须引进通道条件或引进概率幅。而贝尔定理涉及的隐变量理论却不满足这一先决条件,因此,它必然与实验事实相矛盾。这样我们就重新发现了洛查克的论据:贝尔不等式与定域性原理无     

T型发射区单晶硅太阳电池的输出特性研究

利用TCAD半导体器件仿真软件对具有T型发射区结构的单晶硅太阳电池进行了仿真研究。全面系统地分析了在不同衬底少子寿命情况下,不同T型发射区深度对太阳电池外量子效率、短路电流密度、开路电压、填充因子及转换效率的影响。仿真结果表明:采用T型发射区结构可在一定程度上提高常规均匀发射区太阳电池的电学性能;T型发射区结构对700~1200nm长波段入射光的外量子效率具有明显的改善作用;当衬底少子寿命一定时,太阳电池短路电流密度、填充因子均随T型发射区深度的增大而增大,而开路电压随T型发射区深度的增大而减小;当T型发射区深度大于80μm时,对于低衬底少子寿命的单晶硅太阳电池,T型发射区结构对其转换效率的改善效果最为显著。