超音速燃气射流非定常波系的数值研究

根据ＭＵＳＣＬ格式的基本思想，对格式进行了部分修改，数值模拟了超音速燃气射流流场的结构和发展过程。给出了流场谐波系的变化趋势，得到了流场达到稳定状态的时间和稳定后的流动图形。     

冲击能传感器的研究与分析

本文分析并推导了应力波在弹性体中传播时,质点的运动速度、压力、位移及应力载波的聚流的形成与表达式.利用得到的公式描述了冲击能传感器的工作机理.给出了某风动工具的测试结果.     

兼使水流转向的非对称窄缝挑坎

讨论了兼有水流转向功能的一级非对称直线边壁窄缝的设计方法与水力特性，两边墙转向角之差即为水流转向角，两边墙转角相等时出口水流的水深和佛汝德数也分别相等。按在窄缝出口前形成完整幅射流的条件，讨论了兼有转向功能的非对称曲线边墙窄缝的设计方法与水力特性。比较了六种体型(三种对称、三种非对称)窄缝在八种工况对泄槽底板的冲击压强，实测结果表明，非对称性越强冲击压强越小。     

松辽流域水利规划及战略研究总体思路

在总结水利规划工作经验教训的基础上,结合松辽流域现在水利工作实际,进行了水利规划及战略研究工作,提出切实可行的解决途径,并着重阐述了松辽流域水利规划和战略研究的总体思路.     

微型计算机的接触电流和接地线电流的测量

介绍了微型计算机的两种不同类型的泄漏电流的危害及其测量方法。     

Impact of a snow avalanche against an obstacle. Formation of shock waves

The paper is devoted to the effect of compressibility of the avalanche snow impacting an obstacle. Compression shocks generated by obstacle cause high pressure peaks at first instants of impact. That is why the account of compressibility is essential for the understanding of measurements and the design of structures. The main problem in calculation compression shocks in avalanches is to formulate an equation of state for moving snow in impact. Two different types of equations of state are proposed depending on the type of the avalanche (low-density and high-density flows). The approach is not totally new. It was earlier proposed mainly in Russian literature. Here a brief review of the previous work is given with discussion of some gaps in it. The theory is reformulated and further developed to account thermodynamical equations. The simplest case of a normal compression shock in an avalanche flow is studied. Examples of estimations of pressure and density behind a shock are given. It is important to emphasize that the Mach number plays an important role in the theory of compressible flows so it should be taken into account (together with the Froude number) in calculation and modelling an avalanche impact pressure.     

Impact of the addition of an enzyme pool on an activated sludge system treating dairy wastewater under fat shock loads

BACKGROUND: The application of lipase‐rich enzyme pools (such as the crude solid enzymatic preparation (SEP) obtained from Penicillium restrictum solid‐state fermentation of agro‐industrial wastes) to activated sludge systems may be an effective strategy for preventing various operational problems. The continuous addition of SEP to the treatment system can become cost‐prohibitive when in situ production and/or storage are factored in. The application of SEP to high‐fat wastewater treatment would only be justified as an emergency measure, such as a sudden increase in the fat content of the bioreactor influent. Therefore, the primary objective of this work was to investigate the efficiency of a crude SEP during fat shock loads, simulated through the periodic addition of dairy industry waste containing high fat concentrations to the feed stock of an activated sludge system, operated in continuous mode. RESULTS: The test bioreactor exhibited a higher average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency than the control bioreactor (83% for control and 90% for test) and the fat accumulation in the biological flocs of the test bioreactor was 3.2 times lower than that in the control bioreactor. Turbidity was also lower in the effluent of the test bioreactor (123 and 66 FTU in control and test, respectively) and it had a shorter recovery time between shock loads, especially when the interval between loads was shorter than one month (biweekly and weekly shock loads). CONCLUSION: The addition of SEP during fat overloads in the reactor feed maintained efficient COD removal in the test bioreactor for 270 days without any operational problems. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

The Simulation of Impact Loads on Beam-type Structures using a Pseudo-dynamic Procedure

Abstract:  This study proposes an alternate method for the analysis of beams with solid cross-section or built as a framed structure and subjected to transverse impact loads from an external striker. The procedure used in the analysis is a combination of two essential tools using pseudo-dynamic techniques. The method reported here involves only one degree of freedom for the structure modelling and assumes an elastic contact between an external striker and the beam structure, which in reality does not happen. As only one degree of freedom is considered in the analysis, some important limitations are inherent to the method proposed here. Essentially, there is the difficulty of modelling the displacement field associated with the transient structure behaviour accurately, as a consequence of fast-rate impact loads. Another difficulty faced by the method refers to a local structure behaviour associated with contact loads. The present method can deal with large displacements in transversely loaded beams associated to a collapse mechanism having a simple geometry and defined with precision from a single parameter. This ensures reasonable accuracy in the evaluation of the strain energy absorbing capacity of transversely impacted beam structures using a single degree of freedom model in a pseudo-dynamic procedure.     

Peer responses to a team's weakest link: A test and extension of LePine and Van Dyne's model.

This article reports research intended to assess and extend a recent theory of peer responses to low-performing team members (J. A. LePine & L. Van Dyne, 2001a). An instrument that assesses 4 types of peer responses to low performers (compensating for, training, motivating, and rejecting) was developed and then cross-validated in a subsequent study. Results of the study supported the validity of the peer responses measure and were generally consistent with the attributional theory of peer responses. Low-performer characteristics influenced the peer responses. These effects were mediated in part by peer attributions, affect, and cognitions, which explained variance in the peer responses over and above the variance explained by respondents' personality characteristics (i.e., The Big Five). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于高抗热震性能的陶瓷刀具材料的微观结构设计

本文以现有的抗热震断裂和抗热震损伤的评价理论为基础，通过对材料中微裂纹的长度进行预测，从而实现了对陶瓷刀具材料的抗热震性能的微观结构设计。根据此理论对现有材料的抗热震性能的进行预测，预测结果与实际的测量结果相符，验证了该理论的正确性。