Implicit gradient elasticity

A new formulation of gradient elasticity is derived and implemented. Padé approximations are used to introduce an implicit relation between non‐local strains and displacements. As a result, the finite element interpolation requires only ??⁰‐continuous (rather than ??¹‐continuous) shape functions. The underlying energy functional is presented and it is found that the present formulation is of the mixed type, whereby the non‐local strains act as the primary unknowns and the displacements as the auxiliary unknowns. The implications on the interpolation are studied. Finally, the influence of the additional length scale parameter on the global response is assessed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Finite element analysis of substation composite insulators

Composite insulators are rapidly replacing their porcelain counterparts in electrical substation applications. These insulators consist of a glass-reinforced polymer (GRP) rod, with two metal end fittings radially crimped onto the ends of the rod during assembly. In this paper, axisymmetric finite element models are developed to evaluate the mechanical performance of composite insulators under externally applied axial compression. The analyses are performed by assuming both a perfectly bonded interface between the composite rod and the end fittings, and an imperfect interface which permits large relative sliding with Coulomb friction. Results indicate that the perfect interface model is unrealistic since it predicts singular stresses at the interface comer and an overall linear structural response. On the other hand, the imperfect interface model is found to simulate accurately the structural non-linearity caused by relative sliding of the GRP rod within the end fittings. The imperfect interface model has therefore been used to evaluate the effects of interface friction, and the extent of crimping, on the maximum load-bearing capacity of substation composite insulators.     

无限深水域中浮体附加质量和阻尼系数的高频和低频渐近特性

本文讨论了无限深水域中浮体振荡频率当ω→0和ω→∞时附加质量和阻尼系数的渐近特性。给出了近似估算公式。     

Focalization: A Numerical Test for Smoothing Effects of Collision Operators

This paper deals with the numerical analysis of the focalization of a beam of particles. In particular, this model can be useful to check whether or not the cut-off Boltzmann equation leads to some kind of smoothing effect as for the Fokker-Planck–Landau equation     

部分相干平顶光束在大气湍流中空间相干性研究

采用Rytov相位结构函数二次近似的方法和广义惠更斯-菲涅耳原理,推导出了部分相干平顶光束通过大气湍流传输的空间相干度公式,研究了湍流对光束空间相干特性的影响.研究表明:部分相干平顶光束的空间相干性由大气湍流折射率结构常数、光束的相对空间相关长度、平顶光束的阶数、传输距离和观察点位置坐标等因素共同确定.部分相干平顶光束通过湍流大气传输时,其空间相干度会出现振荡和相位奇异现象,但随着湍流的增强,振荡减弱,直至振荡和相位奇异现象消失.     

屈服面角点奇异性的非平滑处理对塑性应变的影响

Mohr-Coulomb屈服面的边界角点奇异性问题,使得屈服面在这些部位的微分出现不连续现象,给数值分析带来了诸多困难,针对此问题,平滑及非平滑处理方法得以应用,其中,非平滑处理方法中的回代求导法和塑性应变增量求和法等因易于实现而应用较多。这些方法精度的研究多相对于某些典型算例而进行的,而对于塑性应变的发展遵循何规律,非平滑处理方法对塑性应变产生何影响,如何评价这种影响效应等等问题尚未在理论上被深入研究。为此,在传统塑性位势理论的框架内对塑性剪应变的发展规律,以及通过非平滑处理后塑性剪应变的发展规律进行了理论研究。研究发现,在角点奇异性屈服面的非平滑处理方法中,最终推导出的塑性剪应变出现不连续现象。通过对这一现象进行的理论研究和定量分析,结果表明:非平滑处理对塑性应变存在影响效应(即不连续效应),故对于具体问题,应具体分析这些方法的影响效应,具体评估其计算结果的可靠性和对相应问题的适用性,以便正确选择所采用的处理方法。     

改进的双向渐进结构拓扑优化方法

对渐进结构优化方法进行了介绍,阐述了双向渐进结构拓扑优化步骤,针对拓扑优化中的常见问题提出了相应的改进措施,给出了拓扑优化的性能评价指标,并结合工程实例验证了改进后方法的有效性,以得到满意的拓扑结果。     

变速箱典型故障奇异性指数的模糊神经网络识别

基于小波奇异性分析和模糊神经网络理论,建立变速箱故障识别模型,探讨将两种理论集成用于状态监测以提高故障识别准确度.通过小波变换提取车辆变速箱运行状态监测数据的奇异性指数,并据此训练模糊神经网络,计算表征变速箱技术状况的代码,判断部件是否发生故障及故障类型.对某型车辆变速箱监测信号的研究表明,本模型用于识别变速箱典型故障的误差仅为0.15384.     

小波变换在机械故障信号分析中的应用

正确检测机械故障信号对提高机械设备运行稳定性具有非常重要的意义。通过简要介绍小波变换应用在信号奇异性检测方面的基本原理,提出基于小波变换的机械故障信号分析方法,该方法既充分利用了小波变换在故障信号分析中的优点,又克服了传统傅里叶变换分析方法的不足,对机械故障信号处理具有良好的效果。     

Pre-stack elastic reverse time migration in tunnels based on cylindrical coordinates

Seismic forward-prospecting in tunnels is an important step to ensure excavation safety. Nowadays, most advanced imaging techniques in seismic exploration involve calculating the solution of elastic wave equation in a certain coordinate system. However, considering the cylindrical geometry of common tunnel body, Cartesian coordinate system seemingly has limited applicability in tunnel seismic forward-prospecting. To accurately simulate the seismic signal received in tunnels, previous imaging method using decoupled non-conversion elastic wave equation is extended from Cartesian coordinates to cylindrical coordinates. The proposed method preserves the general finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) scheme in Cartesian coordinates, except for a novel wavefield calculation strategy addressing the singularity issue inherited at the cylindrical axis. Moreover, the procedure of cylindrical elastic reverse time migration (CERTM) in tunnels is introduced based on the decoupled non-conversion elastic wavefield. Its imaging effect is further validated via numerical experiments on typical tunnel models. As indicated in the synthetic examples, both the PP- and SS-images could clearly show the geological structure in front of the tunnel face without obvious crosstalk artifacts. Migration imaging using PP-waves can present satisfactory results with higher resolution information supplemented by the SS-images. The potential of applying the proposed method in real-world cases is demonstrated in a water diversion tunnel. In the end, we share our insights regarding the singularity treatment and further improvement of the proposed method.