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11.
We report on conductivity and optical property of three different types of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) films [pristine PH1000 film (PH1000-p), with 5 wt.% ethylene glycol additive (PH1000-EG) and with sulfuric acid post-treatment (PH1000-SA)] before and after polyethylenimine (PEI) treatment. The PEI is found to decrease the conductivity of all the PEDOT:PSS films. The processing solvent of 2-methoxyethanol is found to significantly enhance the conductivity of PH1000-p from 1.1 up to 744 S/cm while the processing solvent of isopropanol or water does not change the conductivity of PH1000-p much. As for the optical properties, the PEI treatment slightly changes the transmittance and reflectance of PH1000-p and PH1000-EG films, while the PEI leads to an substantial increase of the absorptance in the spectral region of 400–1100 nm of the PH1000-SA films. Though the optical property and conductivity of the three different types of PEDOT:PSS films vary with the PEI treatment, the treated PEDOT:PSS films exhibit similar low work function. We demonstrate solar cells with a simple device structure of glass/low-WF PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:ICBA/high-WF PEDOT:PSS cells that exhibit good performance with open-circuit voltage of 0.82 V and fill factor up to 0.62 under 100 mW/cm2 white light illumination. 相似文献
12.
Hoang V. Le Phuong T. Pham Ly T. Le Anh D. Nguyen Ngoc Quang Tran Phong D. Tran 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(44):22852-22863
WO3 is a potential material candidate for construction of photoanode for solar driven water splitting. In this work, μm-thick porous WO3 photoanode is prepared by depositing a stable ink made of WO3 nanoparticles and Aristoflex velvet polymer in water using the doctor blade technique, followed by a sintering in air. The nature of WO3 nanoparticles, its loading mass on F-doped tin oxide electrode as well as sintering temperature are examined in order to optimize the photocatalytic activity of the resultant WO3 photoanode. The operation of WO3 photoanode is investigated by varying the light illumination direction and light incident intensity as well as changing the nature of the electrolyte. Dissolved tungsten in electrolyte is quantified by ICP-MS providing insights into the influences of electrolyte nature and operating conditions to the corrosion of WO3. It is proposed that the H2O2 and OH. radical generated as by-products of the photo-driven water oxidation on the photoanode surface are harmful species that accelerate the dissolution of WO3. 相似文献
13.
The light scattering, harvesting and adsorption effects in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are studied by preparation of coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with TiO2 and Zr-doped TiO2 nanoparticles in the forms of mono- and double-layer cells. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that the phase composition of Zr-doped TiO2 electrode is a mixture of anatase and rutile phases with major rutile content, whereas it is the same mixture with major anatase content for coated CNTs with TiO2. Furthermore, the average crystallite size of Zr-doped TiO2 electrode is slightly decreased with Zr introduction. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) images show that the porosity of Zr-doped TiO2 electrodes is higher than that of undoped electrode, enhancing dye adsorption. UV–visible spectroscopy analysis reveals that the absorption onset of Zr-doped TiO2 electrodes is slightly shifted to longer wavelength (the red-shift) in comparison with that of undoped TiO2 electrode. Moreover, the band gap energy of TiO2 nanoparticles is decreased by Zr introduction, enhancing light absorption. It is found that electron injection of monolayer TiO2 electrode is improved by introduction of 0.025 mol% Zr, resulted in enhancement of its power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 6.81% compared with 6.17% for pure TiO2 electrode. Moreover, electron transport and light scattering are enhanced by incorporation of 0.025 wt% coated CNTs with TiO2 in the over-layer of double layer electrode. Therefore, double layer solar cell composed of 0.025 mol% Zr-doped TiO2 nanoparticles as the under-layer and mixtures of these nanoparticles and 0.025 wt% coated CNTs with TiO2 as the over-layer shows the highest PCE of 8.19%. 相似文献
14.
The morphology of the photoactive layer critically affects the performance of the bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (PSCs). To control the morphology, we introduced a hydrophobic fluoropolymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as nonvolatile additive into the P3HT:PCBM active layer. The effect of PVDF on the surface and the bulk morphology were investigated by atomic force microscope and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Through the repulsive interactions between the hydrophilic PCBM and the hydrophobic PVDF, much more uniform phase separation with good P3HT crystallinity is formed within the active layer, resulting enhanced light harvesting and improved photovoltaic performance in conventional devices. The PCE of the conventional device can improve from 2.40% to 3.07% with PVDF additive. The PVDF distribution within the active layer was investigated by secondary ion mass spectroscopy, confirming a bottom distribution of PVDF. Therefore, inverted device structure was designed, and the PCE can improve from 2.81% to 3.45% with PVDF additive. Our findings suggest that PVDF is a promising nonvolatile processing additive for high performance polymer solar cells. 相似文献
15.
《Ceramics International》2019,45(13):16405-16410
Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (Cu(In,Ga)Se2, CIGSe) absorbers with different Ga contents were prepared by sputtering CIGSe ceramic targets and post-annealing. CIGSe solar cell devices were fabricated with other functional layers. The device performances and absorber properties were investigated. Increasing Ga content led to an increase in VOC and a decrease in JSC. Ga was supposed to diffuse towards back contact during the annealing process. The best performance was obtained as the ratio of Ga/(In + Ga) reaches 0.32 with the efficiency of 13.8% and a VOC of 537 mV. 相似文献
16.
A fluorene-centered perylene monoimide dimer, PMI-F-PMI with a partly non-coplanar configuration has been developed as a potential non-fullerene acceptor for organic solar cells (OSCs). The optimum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the OSC based on PMI-F-PMI as acceptor and poly (3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) as donor is up to 2.30% after annealing at 150 °C. The PCE of 2.30% is the highest value for the OSCs based on P3HT donor and non-fullerene acceptor lies in that PMI-F-PMI’s lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level around −3.50 eV matches well with the donor P3HT to produce higher open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.98 V. Meanwhile, PMI-F-PMI makes remarkable contribution to devices’ light absorption as the maximum EQE (30%) of the devices is at 512 nm, same to the maximum absorption wavelength of PMI-F-PMI. The other favorable characteristics of PMI-F-PMI in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) active layers is proved through the photo current density measures, the relatively balanced electron–hole transport, and the smooth morphology with root mean square (RMS) value of 1.86 nm. For these advantages, PMI-F-PMI overwhelms its sister PMI-F and parent PMI as an acceptor in BHJ solar cells. 相似文献
17.
Youngseok Lee Cheolmin Park Nagarajan Balaji Youn-Jung Lee Vinh Ai Dao 《Israel journal of chemistry》2015,55(10):1050-1063
Over the past few decades, crystalline silicon solar cells have been extensively studied due to their high efficiency, high reliability, and low cost. In addition, these types of cells lead the industry and account for more than half of the market. For the foreseeable future, Si will still be a critical material for photovoltaic devices in the solar cell industry. In this paper, we discuss key issues, cell concepts, and the status of recent high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells. 相似文献
18.
广州清洁燃料汽车发展方向 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
选择好合适的汽车替代燃料,科学确定一个地区清洁燃料汽车的发展方向,是减少机动车有害尾气排放、控制城市大气环境污染重大而紧迫的课题。国内外汽车清洁燃料的发展规律表明,天然气特别是液化天然气,是汽车替代燃料的最佳选择与发展方向。为此,探讨了随着天然气工业的加快发展,作为广州这样一座已经发展液化石油气汽车并已形成有一定规模的城市,如何适应新形势的需求,科学决策,选择符合国家能源发展政策并适应当地具体实际的汽车清洁燃料路线,寻求顺利实施液化石油气与天然气两种清洁燃料平稳过渡的具体措施。最后提出以下建议:加速LNG加气站和液化天然气汽车(LNGV)相关技术规范的制定;加快实现LNG关键设备,如LNG泵、LNG售气机、车用LNG储罐的国产化步伐,以降低LNGV和加气站的成本;鉴于LNGV改装技术的现状,不提倡对在用车进行改装,而应加大力度,逐步推广单燃料LNG汽车。 相似文献
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