一类钢筋混凝土材料的动态力学性能研究

利用一级轻气炮对钢筋混凝土靶板进行冲击压缩实验研究,采用Lagrange分析方法对实验数据进行处理,得到流场中各力学量的分布规律。实验结果表明在配筋率较低的情况下,钢筋的加入对混凝土的动态压缩性能改善不明显。但是随着配筋比率的提高,钢筋混凝土的动态压缩强度及延性均有较明显的提高。因此认为钢筋混凝土的动态性能是钢筋的强化作用和其引入所带来的混凝土内部的初始损伤共同作用的结果。基于该实验现象和前人的工作,给出了钢筋混凝土的损伤型动态本构关系,理论预测曲线与实验结果吻合良好。     

基于网络理论的固伴火箭发动机纤维缠绕壳体优化设计

基于网络理论按爆破压强设计的纤维缠绕壳体基本方程,在结构、工艺等约束条件下,选取不同纤维材料,以壳体质量为目标,利用线性多步法和复合形法,优化设计纵向层平面缠绕、圆筒部分在环向缠绕的固体发动机纤维壳体的材料密度、纤维拉伸强度、缠绕角和极孔半径,并给出算例。计算表明,比强度是影响纤维壳体质量的最重要因素。     

拓扑互锁易碎复合材料结构研究

设计出一种新型易碎复合材料结构。它由若干子构件按拓扑互锁原理组合成一种可承载的整体结构,结构中各子构件接触面无粘结,当约束被解除时整个结构即可散落,完成触发碎裂的工作机制。采用高精度模压成型制备出了直角三角板形的拓扑互锁复合材料结构,通过试验研究了该结构在不同横向力作用下的力学行为及其承载能力,并采用有限元法对其进行数值分析。试验结果表明：拓扑互锁易碎复合材料结构在垂直于结构平面的集中载荷作用下,力与位移呈非线性变化。有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合。     

紫铜表层Fe-Al共渗工艺研究

利用固体法Fe-Al共渗工艺,对紫铜表层进行强化处理。用JSM-6380LA型扫描电镜J、ED-2300能谱仪和HMV显微硬度计分析渗层的组织形态、成分和显微硬度,用MLD-10型动载磨料磨损试验机对三种试样进行耐磨性试验,结果表明:在塑性好的α1或α1+(α2+γ2)亚共析组织基体上,均匀分布有Fe、Al共渗的(α2+γ2)共析相,其耐磨性好于单渗Al和未渗的试样。随着加热温度的升高、保温时间的增长,渗层越深。     

Dynamic Calculation Method of Beam System Under Low Velocity Impact

The bearing beams and the supporting beams under low velocity impact may be in four different strain stages of deformation depending on the impact intensity and beam structure strength.Based on the different judging conditions of deformation stages,the corresponding calculation models are proposed,the calculation formulae for the determination of the impact force and the beam＇s lateral displacement are obtained.Calculation shows that the beam＇s total deflection is small when the flexibility of the supporting component is high and the effect of diminishing deflection disappears almost when the stiffness of the supporting component is high.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定进出口人参、西洋参中蚜灭磷等6种农药

建立了人参、西洋参中凝胶色谱-固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蚜灭磷、吡虫啉、涕灭威、甲基内吸磷、甲硫威、辛硫磷6种农药的分析方法。样品经丙酮超声提取,凝胶色谱(GPC)净化后,固相萃取(SPE)净化,在HPLC/MS/MS多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行了定性和定量分析方法。在上述检测方法条件下,所测的6种农药的最低检出限为0.01 mg/kg,回收率范围为79.2%~107.3%,线性范围为0.01~0.2 mg/kg。     

基于聚集诱导发光效应的高固低黏丙烯酸荧光树脂的制备及其性能研究

为了研制一种具有荧光功能特性的高固低黏羟基丙烯酸树脂。从聚集诱导发光效应（AIE）出发,将具有 AIE性质的二对丙烯酸四苯乙烯酯荧光分子通过自由基共聚连接于聚合物链段。由于聚合物链段对荧光分子化学键固定以及聚合物链的包裹束缚作用,导致荧光分子运动受限,从而实现涂层在紫外灯下荧光发光。通过荧光光谱的实时跟踪,探索高固低黏羟基丙烯酸树脂的合成以及固化规律。此外,由于聚合物链段对外界刺激具有实时响应性,从而间接影响了所连接的荧光分子的荧光发光行为。因此,文中也探索了涂层在外界温度与化学气体的影响下所发生的荧光变化的规律,以探索其在功能涂层中应用的可行性。     

Self-assembled cubic-hexagonal perovskite nanocomposite as intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell cathode

Self-assembly is an emerging strategy for preparing composite cathodes with good oxygen electrochemical reduction activity and congenital chemical compatibility for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC). Here we report that a self-assembled BaCo_0.6Zr_0.4O_3-δ (BZC-BC) nanocomposite is prepared through one-pot glycine-nitrate process and exhibits high cathode performance. The BZC-BC nanocomposite is composed of 62 mol% cubic perovskite BaZr_0.82Co_0.18O_3-δ (BZC) as an ionic conductor and 38 mol% hexagonal perovskite BaCo_0.96Zr_0.04O_2.6+δ (12H-BC) as a mixed ionic and electronic conductor. The BZC-BC nanocomposite has the pomegranate-like particles aggregated with a larger number of nanoparticles (50-100 nm) which greatly enlarge the three-phase boundary sites. The BZC-BC nanocomposite exhibits a thermal expansion coefficient of 12.89 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ well-matched with that of Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_3-δ (12.84 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹) electrolyte. The high electro-catalytic activity of BZC-BC nanocomposite cathode for oxygen reduction is reflected by the low polarization resistances of oxygen ions incorporation at cathode/electrolyte interface (0.02823 Ω cm²), oxygen species diffusion (0.03702 Ω cm²) and oxygen adsorptive dissociation (0.07609 Ω cm²) at 700 °C. The single cell with BZC-BC nanocomposite cathode achieves the maximum power density of 1094 mW cm⁻² at 650 °C and shows good stability under 25 h run.     

Microstructural,electrophysical and gas-sensing properties of CeO2–Y2O3 thin films obtained by the sol-gel process

Nanopowders and thin films of (СeO₂)_1-x(Y₂O₃)_x composition (x = 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) were obtained by the sol-gel process, using hydrolytically active complexes of the metal alkoxoacetylacetonate class [M(C₅H₇O₂)_3-y(C₅H₁₁Oⁱ)_y] (M = Ce³⁺ and Y³⁺) as precursors. The impact of the chemical composition and crystallization conditions on the microstructure, electrophysical and chemosensory characteristics of the obtained planar-type solid electrolytes was studied. The prospects of the thin-film nanostructures obtained as receptor components of resistive oxygen sensors, as well as of electrolytes of planar-type intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) have been shown. It has been found that (CeO₂)_0.90(Y₂O₃)_0.10 thin films demonstrate the maximum values of electrical conductivity (550 °C) and the highest sensory response when detecting oxygen (concentration range 1–20%, operating temperature range 300–450 °C).     

High energy-storage density under low electric fields and improved optical transparency in novel sodium bismuth titanate-based lead-free ceramics

A novel (1-x)Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃-xBaHfO₃ (abbreviated as (1-x)NBT-xBH) transparent ceramic was fabricated by the solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that NBT-based transparent ceramics exhibit a cubic-like perovskite structure and the solid solubility of BH in NBT reached to 0.15. The Landau-Devonshire theory and I-E curves revealed that the transition between the antiferroelectric like phase and the ferroelectric phase deeply relies on the variation of composition and free energy. One sample (x = 0.15) was found to show a high dielectric constant (˜2418±10%) over the temperature range 57–400 °C. These ceramics also exhibited a high discharge energy density (W_d) of 2.1 J/cm³ and a high maximum polarization P_m of 34 μC/cm² under relatively low electric fields which were less than 175 kV/cm. There was also high transparency in the visible spectra (more than 0.5) when the sample thickness was 250 μm.