弯桥在局部损伤下的位移影响线分析

弯桥较直梁桥具有更复杂的变形以及受力特性,而针对其局部损伤识别的研究相对较少。位移影响线可以反映某一点的位移变化规律,在实际工程中可以直接测得。以弯桥位移影响线公式为依据,用梁格法建立了以某曲线匝道桥为工程背景的有限元模型,用数值方法分析了不同位置、不同程度损伤与竖向位移测量值之间的关系。结果表明,弯桥在局部损伤下的竖向位移影响线二阶导数可以识别局部损伤的位置与程度,可试用于实际工程。     

弹性建筑涂料不合格配方的比较研究

利用红外光谱、热失重分析、动态热机械分析等方法,对多款不同厂家生产的不合格弹性建筑涂料进行了配方分析,讨论了不合格弹性建筑涂料的配方的缺点,建立了利用动态热机械分析方法快速鉴别不合格弹性建筑涂料的方法。     

Bacteroidales terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) for fecal source differentiation in comparison to and in combination with universal bacteria TRFLP

Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) is an attractive community analysis method for microbial source tracking (MST) because it is accessible, relatively inexpensive, and can discern multiple fecal sources simultaneously. A new Bacteroidales TRFLP (Bac-TRFLP) method was developed and its source identification performance was evaluated by itself, in comparison to, and in combination with an existing universal bacterial TRFLP method in two laboratories. Sixty-four blind samples from 12 fecal sources (sewage, septage, human, dog, horse, cow, deer, pig, chicken, goose, pigeon, and gull) were used for evaluation. Bac- and Univ-TRFLP exhibited similarly high overall correct identification (>88% and >89%, respectively), excellent specificity regardless of fecal sources, variable sensitivity depending on the source, and stable performance across two laboratories. Compared to Univ-TRFLP, Bac-TRFLP had better sensitivity and specificity with horse, cow, and pig fecal sources but was not suited for certain avian sources such as goose, gull, and pigeon. Combining the general and more targeted TRFLP methods (Univ&Bac-TRFLP) achieved higher overall correct identification (>92%), higher sensitivity and specificity metrics, and higher reproducibility between laboratories. Our results suggest that the Bac-TRFLP and Univ&Bac-TRFLP methods are promising additions to the MST toolbox and warrant further evaluation and utilization in field MST applications.     

Multi-scale damage analysis for a steel box girder of a long-span cable-stayed bridge

Accurate evaluation of the effect of possible damage in critical components on the dynamic characteristics of a structure is of critical importance in developing a robust structural damage identification scheme for a long-span cable-stayed bridge. The strategies of finite element (FE) modelling of a long-span cable-stayed bridge for multi-scale numerical analysis are first investigated. A multi-scale model of the Runyang cable-stayed bridge is then developed, which is essentially a multi-scale combination of a FE model for modal analysis of the entire bridge structure and FE sub-models for local stress analysis of the selected locations with respect to the substructuring method. The developed three-dimensional global-scale and local-scale FE models of Runyang cable-stayed bridge achieve a good correlation with the measured dynamic properties identified from field ambient vibration tests and stress distributions of a steel box girder measured from vehicle loading tests, on the basis of which the effectiveness of some damage location identification methods, including a modal curvature index, a modal strain energy index and a modal flexibility index, are evaluated. The analysis results show that the effect of the simulated damage in various components of the steel box girder on the dynamic characteristics of a long-span cable-stayed bridge should be properly considered in structural damage analyses using multi-scale numerical computation.     

高速公路人工挖孔桩施工安全控制措施研究

对宜巴高速公路某标段的自然地质条件及人工挖孔桩施工难点进行了分析,并对其进行了施工危险辨识,从施工准备、岩堆体清理、施工过程等角度提出了施工安全控制应对措施,以保证施工的顺利进行。     

基于地理门槛的公交车站点识别算法研究

针对同心圆算法在路线情况十分复杂的情况下,对存在相互影响的站点出现识别错误的问题,提出了一种基于地理门槛的站点识别算法.通过分析传统识别算法的弊端,引出了地理门槛算法概念,详述了该算法的实现原理,给出了算法的软件设计.最后通过实验测试,证明该算法对存在相互影响的站点具有较高的识别率.     

基于神经网络的结构损伤识别研究进展

为提高结构损伤识别方法的精确性和适用性,将神经网络引入到结构损伤识别中。介绍了神经网络的由来、原理和研究意义,概述了国内外基于神经网络的结构损伤识别研究进展。通过分析可以看,出用于结构损伤识别的神经网络方法有着广阔的应用前景。论文针对进一步研究的方向提出了建议。     

液压挖掘机上车结构参数与液压缸摩擦力参数辨识

在液压挖掘机上车机械臂的动力学分析基础上,提出利用液压缸平稳低速运行时的动力学特性建立与摩擦力无关的挖掘机臂动力学模型,并运用该模型通过离线辨识确定臂的结构参数。基于经典摩擦力模型建立液压缸的辨识模型,通过在线辨识实验得到了液压缸的摩擦力参数,为深入研究液压挖掘机的动力学特性、建立可靠的系统仿真模型及实现臂运动的精确控制提供了依据。     

AR参数灵敏度及结构损伤控制图识别

推导了时间序列模型的自回归参数对结构单元刚度损伤系数的灵敏度方程,并对该方程的正确性进行了验证。分析了自回归参数的灵敏度特性,在此基础上采用控制图进行结构损伤识别。该方法首先以结构在随机作用下的时域响应进行主成分分析;然后以第一主元建立适用阶的时序模型;最后以自回归参数建立休哈特控制图,通过自回归参数的统计性变化判断结构是否发生损伤。针对一梁结构,试验验证了控制图用于损伤识别的有效性和可行性。     

基于视觉的铁路货车滚动轴承表面缺陷分类研究

用CCD代替人眼对轴承表面缺陷进行图像采集,采用卷积滤波与开、闭运算相结合的图像处理方法,有效去除了缺陷周围边缘点的干扰。在提取传统特征基础上增加了压缩度、线度、距离极值比、NMI特征和不变矩等特征量,增强了缺陷分类的依据;对BP神经网络的输入矩阵和归一化方法的改进,提高了神经网络的记忆能力及识别速度;通过试验对缺陷分类系统识别结果进行检测,确定了该系统的可靠性。