Geldart-B类颗粒在气固流化床中的床层膨胀与流型转变

采用理论推导和经验公式相结合方法,建立了Geldart-B类颗粒在流化床中流化过程的床层膨胀比(R)的通式,并在全取值范围内构建了床层膨胀比的收敛迭代公式。采用不同颗粒的流化实验数据对上述通式(模型)进行了验证,结果表明该模型很好地预测了床层膨胀比。进一步讨论了床层膨胀比与鼓泡流化流型变化之间的关系,给出了临界膨胀比的取值规律。有关床层膨胀比的研究结果一定程度上可有效改善流化床的监控,优化操作条件选取。     

Investigation of changes in band gap and density of localized states on phase transition for Ge2Sb2Te5 and Si3.5Sb2Te3 materials

Upon phase transition, the resistivity changes of Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ (GST) and Si_3.5Sb₂Te₃ (SST) are proved to be closely related to the variations of band gap and density of localized states. Amorphous SST has a slightly more localized state than amorphous GST; however, the larger band gap of SST material causes relatively difficult phase transition processes. Therefore, the phase change memory (PCM) cell based on the SST film shows larger threshold voltages for both set and reset operations than that of the GST-based PCM cell. The formation of amorphous Si-rich segregated areas in the SST film during phase transitions increases the randomness of the whole film microstructure, which leads to a different Urbach tail absorption result to that of the GST film.     

激光织构工艺对铜表面红外激光吸收率的影响

目的高功率红外激光进行铜构件加工时,激光吸收率低是阻碍其工业加工、影响加工质量的重要因素,因此拟通过皮秒激光织构预处理工艺,将铜表面红外激光吸收率从低于10%提高至70%以上。方法从改变铜表面特性着手,利用精密微细加工系统进行凹槽织构处理,通过共聚焦显微镜和扫描电镜对20%～50%激光功率、20～90次扫描次数下的织构特征进行分析,通过反射率检测仪对不同织构下铜表面的红外激光吸收率进行测试。结果相比原始铜板,织构后铜表面红外激光吸收率有了大幅提高,且十字凹槽织构工艺下的吸收率高于同参数下的平行凹槽织构。在30%激光功率、60次扫描次数的工艺下,形成深度44mm、间距50mm、表面粗糙度12.15mm、倾角75°的十字凹槽织构,铜表面红外激光吸收率达86.75%。结论织构深度、表面粗糙度、氧化物是影响吸收率的重要因素,经过"周期性微米级织构-相爆炸喷溅颗粒物-形成黑色CuO层"三个过程,对应"光自陷织构-表面喷溅颗粒物-CuO层"三步吸收,织构工艺能够将铜表面红外激光吸收率提高近9倍。     

High Velocity Arc Spraying for Automotive Industry

A diesel engine crankshaft is failed in journal and the dominant failure mechanism is wear.A 6R robot-based automatic high velocity arc spraying system was developed in this study.The remanufacturing process of engine crankshaft was designed based on the newly developed automatic spraying system and the FeAlNbB cored wire.The two spraying way planning were designed.The results of industrial application in miniature show that,both of the main shaft journal and the crank journal of the crankshaft can be deposited of coating in only one procedure using the developed automatic spraying technology,and a reliable quality remanufactured part was obtained.A comparative evaluation shows that the improvement process offers several benefits.Such as,the coating bond strength and spray rates are all highly increased;the remanufactured cost and time are decreased.Furthermore,this technology has several advantages such as energy and material saving,and environmental protecting,a wide application foreground for this technology is therefore performed.     

Temperature Dependence of Photoelectrical Properties of Single Selenium Nanowires

Influence of temperature on photoconductivity of single Se nanowires has been studied. Time response of photocurrent at both room temperature and low temperature suggests that the trap states play an important role in the photoelectrical process. Further investigations about light intensity dependence on photocurrent at different temperatures reveal that the trap states significantly affect the carrier generation and recombination. This work may be valuable for improving the device optoelectronic performances by understanding the photoelectrical properties.     

悬浮催化蒸馏合成甲基叔丁基醚的模拟

建立了悬浮催化蒸馏合成甲基叔丁基醚过程的平衡级模型。利用模型模拟研究了特征参数,特别是固液分离器分率φ和塔底流量B对塔性能的影响。结果表明：参数φ对应的多重定态区域的上界非常小,在实际操作条件下,塔内仅存一个高转化率定态。极限点曲线将参数平面“φ-B”按定态解数目划分成3个子域,其中右上角子域是具有唯一定态且异丁烯转化率高和产物纯度高的操作域。     

Impact of mass transfer coefficient correlations on prediction of reactive distillation column behaviour

A significant part of the safety analysis of a reactive distillation column is the identification of multiple steady states and their stability. A reliable prediction of multiple steady states in a reactive distillation column is influenced by the selection of an adequate mathematical model.For modelling reactive distillation columns, equilibrium (EQ) and nonequilibrium (NEQ) models are available in the literature. The accuracy of the nonequilibrium stage model seems to be limited mainly by the accuracy of the correlations used to estimate the mass transfer coefficient and interfacial area.The binary mass transfer coefficients obtained from empirical correlations are functions of the tray design and layout, or of the packing type and size, as well as of the operational conditions and physical properties of the vapour and liquid mixtures.In this contribution, the nonequilibrium model was used for the simulation of a reactive distillation column. For prediction of the binary mass transfer coefficient for a sieve tray, four correlations were chosen to show their impact on the prediction of the reactive distillation column behaviour. As a model reactive distillation system, the synthesis of methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) was chosen. The steady-state analysis and the dynamic simulation of the model system were done. Qualitative differences between the steady states were predicted using the chosen correlations.     

稀四氟化碳气体混合物传递性质的确定(英文)

In our previous work, we calculated transport properties of pure gaseous polyatomic carbon tetrafluoride (CF4) and five equimolar binary gas mixtures of CF4 with noble gases through inversion technique. The present work is a continuation of our studies on determining the transport properties of binary gas mixtures CF4 with some gases including three diatomic molecules CO, N2, and O2, a linear polyatomic CO2, and two non-linear polyatomic molecules SF6 and CH4. The Chapman-Enskog and Vesovic-Wakeham methods as well as inversion procedure are used to determine the viscosities, diffusivities, and thermal conductivities, which deviates from the literature values within 1%, 4%, and 5%, respectively.     

食品微胶囊技术的国内外应用与研究现状

介绍了微胶囊技术的国内外应用与研究现状,微胶囊的材料、功能和微胶囊化的方法。重点阐述了微胶囊技术在食品工业中的应用,并对其应用发展做了展望。     

Dimensional Effects on Densities of States and Interactions in Nanostructures

We consider electrons in the presence of interfaces with different effective electron mass, and electromagnetic fields in the presence of a high-permittivity interface in bulk material. The equations of motion for these dimensionally hybrid systems yield analytic expressions for Green’s functions and electromagnetic potentials that interpolate between the two-dimensional logarithmic potential at short distance, and the three-dimensional r ⁻¹ potential at large distance. This also yields results for electron densities of states which interpolate between the well-known two-dimensional and three-dimensional formulas. The transition length scales for interfaces of thickness L are found to be of order Lm/2m _* for an interface in which electrons move with effective mass m _*, and Le_*/2eLepsilon_ast/2epsilon for a dielectric thin film with permittivity e_*epsilon_ast in a bulk of permittivity eepsilon. We can easily test the merits of the formalism by comparing the calculated electromagnetic potential with the infinite series solutions from image charges. This confirms that the dimensionally hybrid models are excellent approximations for distances r ≳ L/2.