基于模糊内模-PID的包装机热封切刀温度控制

目的 包装机热封切刀温度控制系统存在非线性、大滞后性等特点,传统PID控制的效果也越来越无法满足工艺生产的要求,为了提高包装机热封切刀温度控制的速度和精度,进而提高封口的质量,以提高产品包装效率和品质。方法 在传统的PID控制的基础上,通过结合模糊控制和内模控制理论的先进控制算法,提出模糊内模-PID控制算法的包装机热封切刀温度控制系统。内模控制能够使PID控制器参数进行简化,同时模糊控制的引入能够实现控制器参数的在线调整,将该新型控制算法应用到包装机热封切刀温度控制系统中,并与传统控制进行对比。结果 通过Matlab仿真软件搭建模内模-PID控制的包装机热封切刀温度控制系统仿真平台,仿真结果表明,系统响应速度、精度、超调量、抗扰动能力等比传统控制系统性能更加优良。结论 通过仿真验证了模糊内模-PID控制在热封切刀温度控制系统上的有效性和可行性,能够在温度控制系统中表现出优良的性能指标。     

Interfacial Passivation of the p‐Doped Hole‐Transporting Layer Using General Insulating Polymers for High‐Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), as a competing technology with traditional inorganic solar cells, have now realized a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.1%. In PVSCs, interfacial carrier recombination is one of the dominant energy‐loss mechanisms, which also results in the simultaneous loss of potential efficiency. In this work, for planar inverted PVSCs, the carrier recombination is dominated by the dopant concentration in the p‐doped hole transport layers (HTLs), since the F4‐TCNQ dopant induces more charge traps and electronic transmission channels, thus leading to a decrease in open‐circuit voltages (V_OC). This issue is efficiently overcome by inserting a thin insulating polymer layer (poly(methyl methacrylate) or polystyrene) as a passivation layer with an appropriate thickness, which allows for increases in the V_OC without significantly sacrificing the fill factor. It is believed that the passivation layer attributes to the passivation of interfacial recombination and the suppression of current leakage at the perovskite/HTL interface. By manipulating this interfacial passivation technique, a high PCE of 20.3% is achieved without hysteresis. Consequently, this versatile interfacial passivation methodology is highly useful for further improving the performance of planar inverted PVSCs.     

Effect of compressive stress on the ferroelectric hysteresis behavior in 0-3 PZT-cement composites

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-cement composites of 0-3 connectivity were produced using 50% PZT vol. content. PZT-cement based composites are developed for use as sensors for smart concrete structures, however, these sensors would in real life be under a certain stress. The effect of stress on the ferroelectric polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis of the composites is reported in this present work. It was found that there was a small but noticeable reduction in the remnant polarization (P_ir) by ≈ 0.3-0.7 μC/cm² while the coercive field (E_ic) remained approximately the same when the stress was increased from 0 to 57 MPa.     

Life prediction of stainless steels by cyclic and stable hysteresis curves

Abstract

This study develops an analytical expression to describe the cyclic stress‐strain curve obtained from a series of fully‐reversed fatigue tests. A set of stress‐strain relationships is proposed to simulate the tensile branch of the stable hysteresis loop. The complete shape of the stable hysteresis loop is then constructed and the associated theoretical plastic work calculated by integrating the area within the enclosed curve. The theoretical plastic work is employed to predict the fatigue lives of the investigated materials on the basis of their respective stable plastic work per cyclelife curves. In this paper, the current mathematical derivations are based upon the endochronic theory of plasticity. The accuracy of the proposed set of stress‐strain relationships is verified by conducting fully‐reversed constant strain amplitude fatigue tests on AISI 316 and AISI 304 stainless steels. The experimental and simulation results are found to be in good agreement, hence confirming the accuracy of the proposed analytical stress‐strain relationships. Again, comparing the obverted and predicted fatigue lives, a good agreement is found between the two sets of results.     

核壳型碳铁纳米粉体的制备及磁性能研究

采用直流碳弧法制备碳包铁纳米粒子,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对产物的形貌和尺寸、物相结构组成进行分析,并在真空和氮气气氛下在200～800℃对制备的碳包铁纳米粒子进行热处理,用振动样品磁强计测量处理前后的碳包铁纳米粒子的剩磁强度、矫顽力和饱和磁化强度.结果表明,碳包铁纳米粒子的磁滞回线显示出较好的超顺磁特性;剩磁强度、矫顽力和饱和磁化强度随着粉体中铁含量的增加而增大.对碳包铁纳米粒子进行热处理,其磁性能随温度的升高首先改善,温度进一步升高又逐步劣化.在450℃退火,粉体磁性能最佳.     

High cycle thermo-mechanical fatigue: Damage operator approach

The stress-life approach is standardized and widely accepted for determining fatigue damage under stress-controlled high cycle fatigue (HCF) loading. It was first extended to non-isothermal cases by introducing an equivalent temperature approach (ETA). The paper presents its extension, that is, the damage operator approach (DOA), enabling online continuous damage calculation for isothermal and non-isothermal loading with mean stress correction. The cycle closure point, cycle equivalent temperature, threshold temperature and separate rainflow counting, obligatory for the ETA, are not necessary for the DOA any more. Both approaches are equivalent for the second and subsequent runs of block loading if temperature is constant. However, for non-isothermal cases the DOA is within the worst- and the best-case scenarios of the ETA. The approaches are compared with the simple stress history and several thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF) cycle types.     

Ni-Ti-Nb宽滞后形状记忆合金管接头研究和进展

介绍了NiTiNb宽滞后记忆合金的发展以及形状记忆合金管接头工作原理.详细论述了NiTiNb宽滞后记忆合金管接头制备加工特点,结构设计思想以及扩径工艺.并介绍了一种气压管道连接用的小尺寸记忆合金管接头的研制.     

非线性隔振器阻尼特性研究

对一类迟滞非线性隔振器进行研究,提出了动力模型的建模方法,用此方法建立了钢丝绳隔振器的动态模型,由所建模型重构恢复力－位移回线并与试验回线比较,结果表明：理论回线与试验回线吻合好,用此模型研究这类隔振器的非线性阻尼特性,研究表明：这类隔振器的阻尼随振幅和频率变化,阻尼成分丰富,既有粘性阻尼,又有干摩擦阻尼和“高阶”阻尼。该模型能很好地描述这类非线性隔振器的阻尼特性,这为设计多个宽频工作区来兼顾缓冲、隔振奠定了动力学基础。文中提出的建模方法适用于有非线性特性的隔振、减振器材的建模和刚度及阻尼特性的研究。     

一种低电压亚阈值CMOS基准电路的设计

利用负反馈技术设计了一款基于CMOS亚阈值MOS器件的低压高性能CMOS基准源电路。基于SMIC 0.18μm标准CMOS工艺,Cadence Spectre仿真结果表明：所设计的基准电路能在0.8V电压下稳定工作,输出380.4mV的基准电压;在1kHz频率范围内,电源噪声抑制比为-56.5dB;在5℃到140℃范围内,温度系数6.25ppm/℃。