基于超级电容的新能源惯量-阻尼-电抗综合模拟控制方案

光伏、风电等新能源发电大规模接入电网逐步替代传统同步机,导致电网惯量和阻尼水平不断下降,威胁电网安全稳定运行。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于超级电容的新能源惯量阻尼电抗综合模拟控制(composite inertia-damping-impedance emulation control, IDIE)方案。通过联立同步机转子运动方程和超级电容功率动态方程,并结合同步机功率传输方程,设计了通过控制超级电容有功功率以综合模拟同步机旋转质量、阻尼绕组和绕组电抗三者物理特性的核心算法。并利用小信号稳定性分析对方案关键参数进行优化。最后,基于控制器硬件在环试验在各种暂态工况下对IDIE方案进行了评估。结果表明,IDIE方案在灵活模拟同步机惯量的同时,可通过配置优化模拟阻尼和模拟电抗,保障频率稳定性,支撑电网动态运行。     

A Conductive 2D Conjugated Tetrathia[8]circulene-Based Nickel Metal–Organic Framework for Energy Storage

Herein, a novel D₄ symmetrical redox-active ligand tetrathia[8]circulene-2,3,5,6,8,9,11,12-octaol (8OH-TTC) is designed and synthesized, which coordinates with Ni²⁺ ions to construct a 2D conductive metal-organic framework (2D c-MOF) named Ni-TTC. Ni-TTC exhibits typical semiconducting properties with electrical conductivity up to ≈1.0 S m⁻¹ at 298 K. Furthermore, magnetism measurements show the paramagnetic property of Ni-TTC with strong antiferromagnetic coupling due to the presence of semiquinone ligand radicals and Ni²⁺ sites. In virtue of its decent electrical conductivity and good redox activity, the gravimetric capacitance of Ni-TTC is up to 249 F g⁻¹ at a discharge rate of 0.2 A g⁻¹, which demonstrates the potential of tetrathia[8]circulene-based redox-active 2D c-MOFs in energy storage applications.     

(CoFe)Se2@NC超级电容器电极材料的制备及其电化学性能

金属-有机框架(MOF)衍生的过渡金属硒化物和多孔碳纳米复合材料具有巨大的储能优势,是应用于电化学储能的优良电极材料。采用共沉淀法制备CoFe类普鲁士蓝(CoFe-PBA)纳米立方,并通过静电组装在CoFe-PBA上包覆聚吡咯(PPy)得到CoFe-PBA@PPy;通过在400℃氮气中退火并硒化成功制备了氮掺杂的碳(NC)包覆(CoFe)Se₂的(CoFe)Se₂@NC纳米复合材料,并对其结构和形貌进行了表征。以(CoFe)Se₂@NC为电极制备了超级电容器,测试了其电化学性能,结果表明,在电流密度1 A/g时超级电容器的比电容达到1047.9 F/g,在电流密度5 A/g下1000次循环后具有良好的循环稳定性和96.55%的比电容保持率。由于其性能优越、无毒、成本低和易于制备,未来(CoFe)Se₂@NC纳米复合材料在超级电容器中具有非常大的应用潜力。     

从竞争情报视角研究超级电容器产业的技术竞争态势

利用德温特创新索引(DII)数据库的专利文献数据,通过产业竞争环境分析和主要竞争对手分析,从竞争情报的视角研究了超级电容器产业的技术竞争态势。通过计算专利技术生命周期、技术研发重点、主要专利优先权国家分布、主要研发机构等指标,明确了我国在该技术领域的位置,提出了发展我国超级电容器产业对策和建议。     

Laser‐Assisted Large‐Scale Fabrication of All‐Solid‐State Asymmetrical Micro‐Supercapacitor Array

The micro‐supercapacitors are of great value for portable, flexible, and integrated electronic equipments. Here, the large‐scale and integrated asymmetrical micro‐supercapacitor (AMSC) array is fabricated in virtue of the laser direct writing and electrodeposition technology. The AMSC shows the ideal flexibility, high areal specific capacitance (21.8 mF cm^?2), and good rate capability. Moreover, its energy density reaches 12.16 µW h cm^?2, outperforming most micro‐supercapacitors reported previously. Meanwhile, large‐scale series‐connected AMSCs are integrated on the flexible substrates (e.g., indium tin oxide‐polyethylene terephthalate film), which can power a veriety of the commercial electronics. The combination of AMSCs array, solar cell, and electronic device proves the feasibility for practical application in the portable, flexible, and integrated electronic equipments.     

Synthesis of mesoporous carbon as electrode material for supercapacitor by modified template method

The pore structures and electrochemical performances of mesoporous carbons prepared by silica sol template method as electrode material for supercapacitor were investigated. The mean pore size and mass specific capacitance of the mesoporous carbons increase with the increase of mass ratio of silica sol to carbon source （glucose）. A modified template method, combining silica sol template method and ZnCl2 chemical activation method, was proposed to improve the mass specific capacitance of the mesoporous carbon with an improved BET surface area. The correlation of rate capability and pore structure was studied by constant current discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A commercially available microporous carbon was used for comparison. The result shows that mesoporous carbon with a larger pore size displays a higher rate capability. Mesoporous carbon synthesized by modified template method has both high mass specific capacitance and good rate capability.     

纳米NiO的制备及其赝电容特性研究

运用沉淀转化法制备Ni(OH)2超微粉末,并通过热处理得到纳米NiO.利用TEM,TG,XRD,循环伏安和恒流充放电测试对样品进行了分析和表征.结果表明,实验制备的NiO粒径为10nm左右, 在-0.05～0.35V(vs SCE)的电位范围内表现出典型的法拉第赝电容行为, 在电流密度为2mA*cm-2时, 其比容达到243F·g-1.     

超级电容器碳电极材料的制备及性能

以普通煤焦油沥青为前驱体,KOH为活化剂,采用化学活化法,在500~1 000℃下制备了超级电容器用活性炭电极材料,分析了温度对材料微观结构的影响。通过循环伏安、交流阻抗和恒流充放电等方法,分析了不同多孔活性炭在有机电解液中的电化学行为。在500~700℃内,比电容随活化温度的升高而升高,700℃下活化的活性炭的比电容最高;活化温度在700℃以上,活性炭的比电容降低。在700~1 000℃下制备的活性炭,在有机电解液中表现出良好的电化学行为。     

非对称型电化学超级电容器的研究进展

非对称型电化学超级电容器是一种介于超级电容器和二次电池之间的新型储能元件,它同时具备超级电容器和二次电池的特性,即高的比能量和比功率、良好的快速充放电能力和循环性能。综述了非对称型电化学超级电容器的工作原理和研究进展。