单模硫系玻璃光纤的制备及其超连续谱的产生特性

硫系玻璃具有独特的红外光学性能和极高的光学非线性等特点, 使得硫系光纤成为中红外超连续谱产生的优选材料。基于二次挤压法制备了单模As-S光纤, 并利用飞秒脉冲和光参量放大器作为泵浦源研究了该光纤的中红外超连续谱的产生特性, 包括光纤长度、泵浦波长、泵浦功率对超连续谱产生的影响。结果表明该单模光纤具有较低的传输损耗和较小的材料色散分布; 相比于传统零色散点波长附近泵浦, 在正常色散区且杂质吸收峰附近泵浦也可获得脉冲的极大展宽(泵浦参数: 4.5 μm, 1 kHz, 150 fs, 光纤长度23 cm, 输出谱宽为1.5~8.7 μm@60 dB带宽); 较短长度的硫系光纤便可产生超宽频谱输出, 相反, 光纤长度越长输出频谱越窄且平坦性变差。     

光子晶体光纤超连续谱光源

介绍该课题组近两年在光子晶体光纤超连续谱方面的主要研究成果,包括基于连续波泵浦研制全光纤化超连续谱源,利用级联一段高非线性正常色散光纤,通过光纤的受激拉曼散射效应实现超连续谱的平坦化;基于皮秒锁模光纤激光器实现全光纤化5 W输出超连续谱源;拉制一段145 m的锥形光子晶体光纤,利用自制的纳秒光纤激光器与锥形光子晶体光纤熔接,制备输出功率2.2 W的宽带超连续谱源;利用自制的网状光子晶体光纤和全固态光子带隙光纤,分别研究亚微米薄壁上偏振相关的超连续谱产生,以及基于四波混频效应产生的超连续谱.     

光子晶体光纤中非线性传输的数值研究

数值模拟了飞秒激光脉冲在光子晶体光纤中的非线性传输过程,详细计算分析了自相位调制（SPM）、脉冲内拉曼散射（ISRS）、自陡峭（SS）以及群速度色散（GVD）、三阶色散（TOD）、四阶色散(FOD)对脉冲传输和频谱的影响。结果表明,在反常色散区,脉冲内拉曼散射以及三阶、四阶色散对频谱的展宽和脉冲的平滑都有着重要作用;而自陡峭是使高阶孤子分量产生分裂衰变,对光谱的不对称展宽有一定影响。     

Tapered photonic crystal fiber for supercontinuum generation in telecommunication windows

We numerically studied supercontinuum generation in a tapered photonic crystal fiber with flattened dispersion properties.The fiber was weakly tapered to have normal dispersion at wavelengths around 1.55 μm after a certain distance.We pumped 4 ps pulses with low peakpower and found that flatly broadened, wideband supercontinuum was generated in telecommunication windows.Furthermore, we also demonstrated the effects of tapered length and pulse width of the pump pulse on supercontinuum generation.     

What do you see in photonic crystal fibers?

Photonic crystal fibers have been a source of colorful and intriguing optical images from the time they were first developed. The images are all the more captivating because they often transmit information about the basic optical properties of the fiber-sometimes in a visually spectacular way. Some of the more significant effects that are apparent in this way are demonstrated, along with an interpretation of their meaning.     

光纤中超连续谱的研究进展

超连续(SC)谱的研究是当今光通讯领域中的热点问题。把SC谱的研究进展分为三个阶段：单模光纤中SC谱的产生;锥形光纤中SC谱的产生;光子晶体光纤(PCF)中SC谱的产生,总结了光纤中SC谱的主要研究成果。特别对近年来研究比较热门的PCF光纤中产生SC谱的情形做了详细的介绍。     

光子晶体光纤产生超连续谱的相干性研究

研究光子晶体光纤中超连续谱的时间相干性和空间相干性.采用时间分辨率为飞秒级的迈克尔逊干涉仪,通过在零点附近改变两光路的延迟,对超连续谱的复时间相干度曲线进行测量,得到超连续谱的相干长度为3.71μm.采用同样系统对飞秒泵浦源的复时间相干度曲线进行测量,计算得到其相干长度为62.24μm.通过计算光程差为零点处的互相干度得到超连续谱的空间相干度为0.77,表明光纤小的发光面积使其空间相干性较好.利用准直透镜和分光棱镜将光纤输出的光束进行分光,得到超连续谱中几种不同颜色的输出光谱及对应的脉冲序列,其脉冲序列与泵浦激光有相同的重复频率.     

Supercontinuum Generation in Normal-dispersion Photonic Crystal Fiber Using Picosecond Pulse

Studied is the Super-continuum （SC） generation of a normal-dispersion photonic crystal fiber （PCF） using picosecond pulse excitation. In experimental analyses, a 237 nm broadband infrared continuum was generated pumped at 1 550 nm（normal dispersion regime） by 1.6 ps pulses from an erbium-doped fiber laser. In addition, we conduct the numerical analyses of SC based on generalized nonlinear Schr dionger equation. The results have been applied to investigate the dominant physical processes underlie the generation - of SC. We conclude that dispersion, self-phase modulation （SPM）, four-wave-mixing （FWM） and Raman scattering are determinants of SC generation rather than fission of soliton in normal-dispersion PCF.     

Spectroscopic identification of individual fluorophores using photoluminescence excitation spectra

The identity of a fluorophore can be ambiguous if other fluorophores or nonspecific fluorescent impurities have overlapping emission spectra. The presence of overlapping spectra makes it difficult to differentiate fluorescent species using discrete detection channels and unmixing of spectra. The unique absorption and emission signatures of fluorophores provide an opportunity for spectroscopic identification. However, absorption spectroscopy may be affected by scattering, whereas fluorescence emission spectroscopy suffers from signal loss by gratings or other dispersive optics. Photoluminescence excitation spectra, where excitation is varied and emission is detected at a fixed wavelength, allows hyperspectral imaging with a single emission filter for high signal‐to‐background ratio without any moving optics on the emission side. We report a high throughput method for measuring the photoluminescence excitation spectra of individual fluorophores using a tunable supercontinuum laser and prism‐type total internal reflection fluorescence microscope. We used the system to measure and sort the photoluminescence excitation spectra of individual Alexa dyes, fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs), and fluorescent polystyrene beads. We used a Gaussian mixture model with maximum likelihood estimation to objectively separate the spectra. Finally, we spectroscopically identified different species of fluorescent nanodiamonds with overlapping spectra and characterized the heterogeneity of fluorescent nanodiamonds of varying size.     

Maximizing the bandwidth of coherent,mid-IR supercontinuum using highly nonlinear aperiodic nanofibers

We describe in detail a new procedure of maximizing the bandwidth of mid-infrared (mid-IR) supercontinuum (SC) in highly nonlinear microstructured As₂Se₃ and tellurite aperiodic nanofibers. By introducing aperiodic rings of first and secondary air holes into the cross-sections of our microstructured fiber designs, we achieve flattened and all-normal dispersion profiles over much broader bandwidths than would be possible with simple periodic designs. These fiber designs are optimized for efficient, broadband, and coherent SC generation in the mid-IR spectral region. Numerical simulations show that these designs enable the generation of a SC spanning over 2290?nm extending from 1140 to 3430?nm in 8?cm length of tellurite nanofiber with input energy of E?=?200?pJ and a SC bandwidth of over 4700?nm extending from 1795 to 6525?nm generated in only 8?mm-length of As₂Se₃-based nanofiber with input energy as low as E?=?100?pJ. This work provides a new type of broadband mid-IR SC source with flat spectral shape as well as excellent coherence and temporal properties by using aperiodic nanofibers with all-normal dispersion suitable for applications in ultrafast science, metrology, coherent control, non-destructive testing, spectroscopy, and optical coherence tomography in the mid-IR region.