星载SAR的空中运动目标检测和成像

根据星载SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)通常信号带宽较大的特点,本文提出了一种子带双频共轭处理方法,降低合成信号的等效中心频率,去除多普勒模糊,进而利用Keystone变换完成低信噪比高速运动目标的距离走动校正.运动目标的距离弯曲校正后,采用时频分析实现目标的低分辨率成像和检测.利用检测过程中获得的目标径向速度,进一步完成了各个运动目标的高分辨率成像处理.仿真结果表明了本文方法的有效性.     

调频步进雷达ISAR成像方法

针对调频步进雷达的ISAR(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar)成像问题,提出了一维距离像和ISAR成像的分步补偿方法.通过优化雷达系统参数,在保证抽取损失和伪峰幅度在容许范围内的同时最大化了一维距离像的速度补偿误差容限.一维距离像运动补偿参数通过拟合子脉冲包络对齐的平移量获得,当拟合脉冲数足够多时,估计精度在一维距离像的速度补偿误差容限以下;对目标一维距离像进行包络对齐和相位聚焦完成ISAR成像的运动补偿.最后,通过仿真分析验证了算法的可行性.     

基于联合特征空间投影的SAR图像域杂波抑制

杂波抑制是实现地面慢速目标检测(GMTI,Ground Moving Target Indication)的前提条件.本文研究基于高分辨合成孔径雷达(SAR,Synthetic Aperture Radar)图像在杂波起伏时地面动目标检测问题.利用沿航迹(along-track)多幅SAR图像的相关性,提出一种基于广义特征分解的联合噪声子空间投影杂波相消算法.理论分析和仿真结果表明该算法在一定程度上能够有效抑制杂波内部起伏,并且对SAR图像配准误差具有稳健性.     

双基地合成孔径雷达的扩展ETF成像算法

本文详细研究了双基地合成孔径雷达的等效单基地成像模型,在此基础上提出了一种适用于双基地SAR的扩展ETF(Exact Transfer Function)成像算法.在原有单基地ETF算法的基础上,新算法采用由双基地成像几何关系所确定出的新的方位聚焦相位函数,算法的计算流程及效率和单基地SAR的ETF成像算法相同,优点是不需要任何的插值计算,论文同时讨论了算法的适用条件.最后通过点目标仿真验证了算法的有效性.     

空间调制干涉超光谱成像仪仿真技术初步研究

在对空间调制干涉超光谱成像仪的原理进行分析的基础上,以能量传输为路径,研究空间调制干涉超光谱成像仪各数据获取环节的仿真算法,初步建立了干涉超光谱成像仪辐射能量传输仿真模型.对仿真模型进行了计算机仿真,仿真干涉图与实际干涉图较吻合,仿真模型构建较正确.     

基于BP神经网络进行裂缝识别研究

裂缝系统是个复杂的地质体,其储层物性的改善作用是非线形的,各种评价参数与裂缝发育程度之间的关系也是非线形的。基于人工神经网络理论,开展了常规测井资料识别评价裂缝的研究。结果表明,基于BP神经网络的裂缝性储集层常规测井识别,与成像测井对比具有较好的应用效果。     

基于最优化原理的高压配电网建设规模评估

客观定量地评价地区电网的建设规模水平是电力市场改革与发展的迫切要求。文中基于地区高压配电网的实际情况,运用层次分析法原理,建立了反映电网建设规模的宏观控制指标体系;在给定最大负荷水平和供电区域面积的条件下,运用数学规划方法,以全网范围内单位面积所承担的电网建设与运行费用最小为目标函数,建立了优化模型以确定高压配电网建设规模的最优指标;提出了基于最经济原则和专家评价相结合的加权平均综合评估方法及其综合评价模型。     

电磁脉冲孔耦合瞬态响应SEM极点提取

为了描述电磁脉冲孔耦合瞬态响应特征,基于奇点展开法(SEM)和矩阵束算法,将含有噪声的离散瞬态响应数据表示成矩阵的形式,并分解构造矩阵束,通过奇异值分解(SVD)和广义最小二乘法来进行参数估计,建立了提取电磁脉冲孔耦合瞬态响应极点及留数的模型,进行了仿真和重构实测响应波形.结果表明:模型所提取的参数完全可以描述响应的主要特征;噪声对留数影响较大,对极点的影响较小,因此在数值计算时,可保留有限个主要极点,忽略大量非主要极点,从而提高算法的效率,同时保证数值计算的精确度和稳定性.     

基于灰色模糊综合评价理论在新产品开发项目选择中的应用

通过对目前一些常用评价方法,如层次分析法（AHP）、模糊综合评判法的优缺点研究,提出了灰色模糊关联产品开发项目评价新方法.建立了基于灰色模糊理论新产品开发项目选择综合评价模型,并通过实际评价获得了较满意的效果.     

Full Automated Synthesis of18F-FDOPA and Preliminary PET/CT Imaging

¹⁸F-fluoro-L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (¹⁸F-FDOPA) as a dopamine neurotransmitter imaging agent has been widely used for diagnosis and therapy evaluation of Parkinson's disease, brain tumors and neuroendocrine diseases with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in clinical setting and research. To meet the increasing clinical demand in oncology and neurology, a routine protocol for the automated synthesis of¹⁸F-FDOPA with a disposable cassette system on an imported multifunctional synthesizer was studied and discussed.¹⁸F-FDOPA was automatically synthesized via a multiple-step reaction, including fluorination, reduction, iodization alkylation and hydrolysis, following purification by using a semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system which was built in the multifunctional synthesizer. After HPLC purification, the purified¹⁸F-FDOPA solution was collected and passed through a sterilizing filter into a collection bottle. The final¹⁸F-FDOPA injection was obtained for quality control (QC) determination. The QC indexes of the final products were detected： the injection was colorless and transparent, pH value was at 4 to 5.5, radiochemical purity >98%, radionuclide purity >99%, specific activity >1.9 GBq/μmol, K_2.2.2 content <50 mg/L, methanol content <0.01%, alcohol content <0.01%, dichloromethane content <0.01 mg/L, dimethylformamide content <15 mg/L, bacterial endotoxin test <0.100 EU/mL, sterility test 0 cfu/mL,and abnormal toxicity test was negative. PET/CT imaging of rats was performed by intravenous injection of¹⁸F-FDOPA half an hour after the intraperitoneal injection of carbidopa, PET/CT scan was performed after 100 min post-injection. The imaging of¹⁸F-FDOPA showed symmetry high uptake in the bilateral striatum of normal rats. The decay-corrected radiochemical yield of¹⁸F-FDOPA from the¹⁸F-fluoride was (63.1±3.8)% (n=10) at the end of synthesis (EOS), the radiochemical purity was no less than 98%, and the total radiosynthesis time was within 80 min. The quality control results demonstrated that the quality indexes of the final injection solution met the relevant requirements of radiopharmaceutlcals, which were well-suited for clinical application. An efficient and high reproducible automatic method for the radiosynthesis of¹⁸F-FDOPA with high radiochemical yields and good radiochemical purity is obtained and performed via a multi-step reaction on the multifunctional synthesizer.¹⁸F-FDOPA can be used for animal and human PET imaging.