中国建筑涂料工业的现状及当前形势下的发展对策

本文详细分析了中国建筑涂料工业的现状和存在问题，并结合当前形势，提出了中国建筑涂料工业的发展对策。     

凝胶过滤色谱法研究酶解过程中木聚糖分子结构的变化

采用凝胶过滤色谱法研究了木聚糖在酶解过程中分子量分布的变化。结果表明,木聚糖酶对高分子量组分的木聚糖的降解能力较差,而主要降解分子量介于15000～3000之间组分的木聚糖,使得这部分木聚糖变为分子量更低的木聚糖组分。随着酶解时间的延长,酶解得率上升,酶解产物中低聚木糖含量增多,未被酶解的木聚糖的平均聚合度上升,当酶解时间超过4h时,这种变化趋势缓慢。随着酶解轮次的增加,酶解产物中可溶性木聚糖的含量越来越少,木聚糖被降解的难度越来越大。在实际生产中,用来作为低聚木糖生产的木聚糖其聚合度应在20～100之间,酶解时间以4h为宜,重复利用未水解木聚糖的轮次以2轮为宜。     

S变换时变滤波在去噪处理中的应用研究

针对常用的滤波去噪方法都受到使用条件的限制,实际资料的滤波去噪不能达到良好效果,S变换时变滤波克服了传统滤波去噪方法滤波因子不能随时间、频率变化而变化的缺陷.将地震资料用S变换方法变换到时频域,对不同时间内不同频率的噪声部分充零,再将去噪后的地震数据利用S反变换到时间域,以获得所需要的有效信号.通过理论计算分析和实例计算表明,S变换时变滤波能够有效去除不同时段、不同频率的噪声.该方法具有一定的可行性.     

带约束的一维时频电磁联合反演研究

利用时频电磁资料可同时获取时间域及频率域电磁信息。相比单一时间域或频率域电磁信号,综合利用时频电磁信息可明显提高电性反演精度。为获得精细地电模型,基于正则化反演方法,融合数据约束、模型约束及步长约束,提出一种一维自适应时频电磁联合反演算法。该算法对时间域和频率域数据平衡因子及正则化因子采用自适应调整方案,同时将模型参数搜索范围约束与WOLFE准则相结合,在限制参数搜索范围的同时约束迭代步长,确保反演的稳定性和精度。使用经典层状模型、含噪声的页岩气地电模型及实测数据对该反演方法进行测试与分析,结果表明带约束的时频电磁联合反演方法可有效提高复杂模型电阻率反演的分辨率,对提高时频电磁方法油气藏识别精度具有实际意义。     

应用联合时频分析研究CO2焊接过程中的电信号

CO2焊接过程的电弧电压、焊接电流信号蕴含了丰富的焊接信息.利用联合时频分析对CO2焊接过程电信号进行研究,分析了短时傅里叶变换窗函数的选择对谱图的时频集聚性的影响,并选择汉宁窗获得了较好的时频集聚性.为了获得CO2焊接电信号中短路过渡的信息,尝试利用时频分析谱图对焊接试验中采集到的几组焊接电流信号进行分析,研究了其能量分布及熔滴过渡的特征,并利用联合时频分析三维谱图,对采用不同焊接参数获得的电弧电压信号进行对比.结果表明,利用联合时频分析对CO2焊接过程电信号进行分析,能够获得更多的有价值信息,该方法具有较好的研究应用前景.     

一种新的分数阶Fourier时频图示法

分数阶Fourier（FRFT）是传统Fourier的广义形式。分数阶Fourie域（FRFD）是一个统一的时频变换域,分数阶Fourier变换是角度为口的时频面旋转。随着角度α从0逐渐增加到π/2,分数阶Fourier变换展示出信号从时域到频域的全过程。本文依据分数阶FOUrier变换的定义,随着角度α的变化给出了一种新的更为直观的分数阶Fourier的时频图示方法,以供读者参考。     

Multi-rate model predictive control of particle size distribution in a semibatch emulsion copolymerization reactor

A multi-rate model predictive controller algorithm is presented for the in-batch closed-loop control of the full particle size distribution (PSD) in a semibatch emulsion copolymerization system. The lack of frequent measurements of the PSD and the measurement delay of these measurements are addressed through the use of frequent density measurements from which the current conditions of the system are estimated. The high dimensionality of the discretized full PSD is reduced by the use of model order reduction based on principal component analysis. This method effectively reduces the size of the problem while preserving the main characteristics of the population balance system. Disturbances that perturb the surfactant and monomer amounts inside the semibatch vinyl acetate–butyl acrylate reactor are considered to demonstrate the performance of the proposed control algorithm.     

Experimental and numerical investigations on compressive properties of porous twisted wire materials

Wire diameter, sintering parameter, and porosity have great influences on porous structures and compressive properties of the stainless steel porous twisted wire materials with 30–92% porosities. Finer wires, higher sintering temperature, and longer sintering time will lead to narrower pore-size distributions, more compact porous structures, and stronger compressive yield strength. A random pore model and a twisted wire framework model are put forward to simulate the compressive process. The compressive deformation mechanism is a continuous densification process. The simulated and experimental stress-strain curves all exhibit elastic stage, plastic yield platform stage, and final densification stage.     

Different Estimation Methods for Constant Stress Accelerated Life Test under the Family of the Exponentiated Distributions

The Accelerated Life Testing (ALT) has been used for a long time in several fields to obtain information on the reliability of product components and materials under operating conditions in a much shorter time. One of the main purposes of applying ALT is to estimate the failure time functions and reliability performance under normal conditions. This paper concentrates on the estimation procedures under ALT and how to select the best estimation method that gives accurate estimates for the reliability function. For this purpose, different estimation methods are used, such as maximum likelihood, least squares (LS), weighted LS, and probability weighted moment. Moreover, the reliability function under usual conditions is predicted. The estimation procedures are applied under the family of the exponentiated distributions in general, and for the exponentiated inverted Weibull (EIW) as a special case. Numerical analysis including simulated data and a real life data set is conducted to compare the performances between these four methods. It is found that the ML method gives the best results among other estimation methods. Finally, a comparison between the EIW and the Inverted Weibull (IW) distributions based on a real life data set is made using a likelihood ratio test. It is observed that the EIW distribution can provide better fitting than the IW in case of ALT. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.