Multi-User MIMO Mobile CDMA Uplink System Employing Turbo Coding and Joint Detection Through a Multipath Rayleigh Fading Channel

In this paper, a generalized multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system that can be fitted to the uplink of a wireless communication system is considered for the general case of multi-user. At the transmitter, the information bits are Turbo coded, then interleaved and passed through a serial-to-parallel converter. The channel is assumed bad urban suffering from multipath Rayleigh fading resulting in inter-symbol and multiple access interferences (ISI and MAI). At the front-end of the receiver, a number of receiving antennas are used followed by a joint multi-user estimator based on the Minimum Mean Square Error Block Linear Equalizer (MMSE-BLE).Computer simulations demonstrate a significant performance improvement in both single user and multi-user cases.This paper depends in parts on that presented at the 11th European Wireless Conference, Cyprus, Nicosia, pp. 187–192, April 2005. Yasmine A. Fahmy was born in Guiza, Egypt, on June 4, 1976. She received the B.Sc., M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Communication and Electronics engineering from Cairo University, Egypt on 1999, 2001 and 2005 respectively. She is presently an assistant professor at Cairo University, Egypt. Her current field of interest is wireless communication and channel estimation. Hebat-Allah M. Mourad received her B.Sc., M. Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical communication engineering from Cairo University, Egypt, in 1983, 1987 and 1994 respectively. Since 1983, she has been with the Department of Electronics and Communications, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, and is currently associate professor there. Her research interests include optical fiber communications, mobile and satellite communications. Emad K. Al-Hussaini received his B.Sc degree in Electrical Communication Engineering from Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, in 1964 and his M.Sc and Ph.D. degrees from Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, in 1974 and 1977, respectively. From 1964 to 1970, he was with the General Egyptian Aeroorganization. Since 1970, he has been with the Department of Electronics and Communications, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, and is currently professor there. He was a research fellow at Imperial College, London, UK, and at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA, in the academic years 1976/1977 and 1981/1982, respectively. In 1990, he received the Egyptian national encouragement award for outstanding engineering research. He has written several papers for technical international journals and conferences. His research interests include signal processing, fading channel communication, modulation, and cellular mobile radio systems. Dr Al-Hussaini is a senior member of IEEE. He is listed in Marquis Whos Who in the World and in the IBC (International Biographical Center, Cambridge) for outstanding people of the 20th century.     

Performance of a turbo‐coded CDMA system in a mobile satellite channel

The bit error rate (BER) performance of a turbo‐coded code‐division multiple‐access (CDMA) system operating in a satellite channel is analysed and simulated. The system performance is compared for various constituent decoders, including maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) and Max‐Log‐MAP algorithms, and the soft‐output Viterbi algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the Max‐Log‐MAP algorithm is the most promising among these three algorithms in overall terms of performance and complexity. It is also shown that, for fixed code rate, the BER performance is improved substantially by increasing the number of iterations in the turbo decoder, or by increasing the interleaver length in the turbo encoder. The results in this paper are of interest in CDMA‐based satellite communications applications. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

桥口南--徐集地区三维地震资料连片处理技术

针对东濮桥口南—徐集地区三维地震资料的特点及本区块的地质要求，制定处理流程，应用能量均衡、面元均化、三维道内插、三维DMO叠加及三维一步法偏移等技术方法，研究解决因为不同年代、不同方法、不同参数所采集的地震数据在连片处理时存在的问题，精细处理三维连片资料，满足构造解释精度的要求，对进一步落实该区构造和增储上产具有重要的作用。     

长途传输波分复用系统的设计

随着波分复用（WDM）技术的广泛应用，在工程调测和系统的运行过程中出现了由于系统的适应能力较差和灵活性不够而引起系统优化时间过长的问题，给运营商带来了许多不便，同时，WDM已经由一般的长途应用向超长距离传输和城域网方面发展，适应性和灵活性成为WDM系统网络应用的主要要求，本文将介绍WDM系统的关键技术，重点论述WDM网络设计的一些原则，最后提出WDM系统设计的注意事项。     

遥感图像理想均衡化及图像质量定量评价

大多数原始的遥感影像由于其灰度分布集中在较窄的范围内,影像的细节不够清晰,对比度较低。为了使影像的灰度范围拉开或使灰度均匀分布,从而增大反差,增强影像细节信息,通常采用的方法为直方图均衡化。通过对信息熵定义的阐述,引出直方图均衡化的图像增强算法。通过分析传统直方图均衡化算法中存在的缺陷,进而基于分段映射思想提出一种改进的理想直方图均衡化算法。同时,为了对传统算法和改进算法进行定量化地分析比较,基于同时对比度以及人类视觉对比度分辨率限制和模糊数学的相关思想,分别提出基于加权几何平均数法的合成平均对比度和细节评价参数的定义。最后,采用同时对比度、基于加权几何平均数法的合成平均对比度以及细节评价参数作为定量评价的指标,对所提出的改进算法进行了定量评价。评价结果表明,该改进算法的图像增强效果优于传统的直方图均衡化算法。     

Computer aided detection system for micro calcifications in digital mammograms

Breast cancer continues to be a significant public health problem in the world. Early detection is the key for improving breast cancer prognosis. Mammogram breast X-ray is considered the most reliable method in early detection of breast cancer. However, it is difficult for radiologists to provide both accurate and uniform evaluation for the enormous mammograms generated in widespread screening. Micro calcification clusters (MCCs) and masses are the two most important signs for the breast cancer, and their automated detection is very valuable for early breast cancer diagnosis. The main objective is to discuss the computer-aided detection system that has been proposed to assist the radiologists in detecting the specific abnormalities and improving the diagnostic accuracy in making the diagnostic decisions by applying techniques splits into three-steps procedure beginning with enhancement by using Histogram equalization (HE) and Morphological Enhancement, followed by segmentation based on Otsu's threshold the region of interest for the identification of micro calcifications and mass lesions, and at last classification stage, which classify between normal and micro calcifications ‘patterns and then classify between benign and malignant micro calcifications. In classification stage; three methods were used, the voting K-Nearest Neighbor classifier (K-NN) with prediction accuracy of 73%, Support Vector Machine classifier (SVM) with prediction accuracy of 83%, and Artificial Neural Network classifier (ANN) with prediction accuracy of 77%.     

基于多层次GERT 的复杂产品研制进度规划“超冲突均衡”博弈模型

针对复杂产品研制进度规划中各级供应商与主制造商之间复杂的工作联系和博弈关系,基于复杂产品多层次研制网络,构建复杂产品研制多层次GERT网络模型,求解产品研制总进度与各级供应商进度的函数关系.进而分析博弈主体之间帕累托均衡、纳什均衡等多种均衡关系,建立进度规划的超冲突均衡博弈模型.通过算倒表明了所提出方法的有效性和实用性.     

基于视频的车流量检测建模与分析

交通流量信息是智能交通控制中的关键成分。论文在对视频图像进行灰度处理、频域滤波和均衡化的基础上,结合直方图分析、背景差分、动态阈值二值化处理等图像分析过程,提出了双虚拟线平均法检测多车道车流量,并完成参数灵敏度检验。针对初识背景提取时间过长的问题,加入了跳帧法和像素块法,以提高系统效率。考虑到背景的时变性,采用选择更新法进行周期更新。实际结果表明,该方法兼顾了智能交通系统的环境适应性、检测实时性和统计精确性等要求,四个车道车流量统计的准确率均大于90％。     

海水反渗透淡化系统的能耗

通过对海水反渗透淡化系统（SWRO）吨水成本的分析，提出降低SWRO能耗的解决措施，采用能量透平装置（TURBO）或压力转换器（PE）回收浓水的能量传递于进水，不仅可以降低吨水电耗，也可减小一次性投资。值得关注的是，压力转换器，回收效率可达94％，在海水淡化系统中对于降低能耗有更重要的意义。