微型厢式汽车后扰流板对气动特性影响

本文通过计算机的模拟方法,检测安装在汽车后扰流板模型的外流场的阻力,通过计算机模拟,对汽车后扰流板的安装位置、安装形状及安装角度进行了科学的分析。科学的安装汽车后扰流板,不仅能够降低气动升力,还可以有效地减少汽车所受气动阻力,降低汽车油耗,对提高汽车气动特性有很大的工程指导性。     

Correspondence analysis and establishment of evaluation model of classification performance indices for a turbo air classifier

The operational parameters of a turbo air classifier including feeding speed, rotor cage's rotary speed and air inlet velocity affect its classification performance directly, such as cut size, classification precision, classification efficiency, fine powder yield, particle fineness and degree of dispersion. Current methods of optimizing operational parameters and improving the classification performance of a turbo air classifier are almost single objective decision only for one of the classification performance indices. In this paper, the multi‐objective programming (MOP) model on classification performance for a turbo air classifier is established to evaluate these performance indices comprehensively and achieve optimal classification performance. To minimize the effect of repeatability within these classification performance indices, correspondence analysis is applied to determine the evaluation indices of this MOP model. According to correspondence analysis on the fine talc classification experimental data as well as the calcium carbonate classification experimental data, there is a very strong correlation between cut size and D90; there is also a very strong correlation between cut size and fine powder yield. Thus D90 and fine powder yield are filtered out and they aren't discussed in the evaluation model. The variation coefficient method is introduced to calculate weights of the evaluation function, and the dimensionless transformation method is used to eliminate the effects of different dimension. Thus, the optimal solution among the experimental data is obtained through solving the evaluation function. For the talc classification experiments, the optimal operational parameter combinations are: the feeding speed is 40 kg · h^–1, the air inlet velocity is 5 m · s^–1 and the rotor cage's rotary speed is 1200 ? min^–1. The classification performance indices are: cut size is 16.5 μm, classification precision index is 0.59, Newton classification efficiency is 57% and degree of dispersion is 2.13. For the calcium carbonate classification experiments, the optimal operational parameter combinations are: the feeding speed is 92 kg · h^–1, the air inlet velocity is 12 m · s^–1 and the rotor cage's rotary speed is 1200 ? min^–1. The classification performance indices are: cut size is 31.4 μm, classification precision index is 0.74, Newton classification efficiency is 74% and degree of dispersion is 1.27. This evaluation model avoids the limitation of evaluation for the single classification performance index and incomplete information got by the means of single factor experiment of operational parameters. It also provides the quantitative evaluating criteria for classification performance of a turbo air classifier, which offers a theoretical basis for effective production. This multi‐objective programming optimizing method and evaluation model on classification performance can be applied to other dynamic air classifiers as well.     

In Situ Study of Nanostructure and Electrical Resistance of Nanocluster Films Irradiated with Ion Beams

An in situ study is reported on the structural evolution in nanocluster films under He⁺ ion irradiation using an advanced helium ion microscope. The films consist of loosely interconnected nanoclusters of magnetite or iron‐magnetite (Fe‐Fe₃O₄) core‐shells. The nanostructure is observed to undergo dramatic changes under ion‐beam irradiation, featuring grain growth, phase transition, particle aggregation, and formation of nanowire‐like network and nanopores. Studies based on ion irradiation, thermal annealing and electron irradiation have indicated that the major structural evolution is activated by elastic nuclear collisions, while both electronic and thermal processes can play a significant role once the evolution starts. The electrical resistance of the Fe‐Fe₃O₄ films measured in situ exhibits a super‐exponential decay with dose. The behavior suggests that the nanocluster films possess an intrinsic merit for development of an advanced online monitor for fast neutron radiation with both high detection sensitivity and long‐term applicability, which can enhance safety measures in many nuclear operations.     

Perspectives on exfoliated two-dimensional spintronics

Magnetic orderings, i.e., the spontaneous alignment of electron spins below a critical temperature, have been playing key roles in modern science and technologies for both the wide applications of magnetic recording for information storage and the vibrant potential of solid state electronic spin devices (also known as spintronics) for logic operations. In the past decades, thanks to the development of thin film technologies, magnetic thin films via sputtering or epitaxial growth have made the spintronic devices possible at the industrial scale. Yet thinner materials at lower costs with more versatile functionalities are highly desirable for advancing future spintronics. Recently, van der Waals magnetic materials, a family of magnets that can in principle be exfoliated down to the monolayer limit, seem to have brought tremendous opportunities: new generation van der Waals spintronic devices can be seamlessly assembled with possible applications such as optoelectronics, flexible electronics, and etc. Moreover, those exfoliated spintronic devices can potentially be compatible with the famed metal-oxide field effect transistor architectures, allowing the harness of spin performances through the knob of an electrostatic field.     

钢铁过程细微颗粒物凝并性能研究

为寻求一种收集钢铁冶炼过程中产生的气溶胶颗粒的方法,研究了EAF粉尘颗粒物的性质.采用Zn蒸汽氧化产生的ZnO模拟气溶胶颗粒进行凝并实验研究,另采用熏香烟雾在不同的搅拌速度下进行气溶胶凝并实验,并将实验结果与理论计算进行比较.同时,采用一种考虑颗粒间相互作用的气溶胶凝并模型估算反应范德华力作用的Hamaker常数.实验结果表明,在搅拌条件下,对于气溶胶的凝并应考虑微细颗粒间的相互作用.     

Interval analysis of mode shapes to identify damage in beam structures

Various damage detection methods have been proposed by several researchers in the past few decades. Amongst them, the efficiency of mode shapes in detecting damage has been demonstrated by many researchers when further processed. In most cases, the processing involves expansion or reduction of the mode shape data. However, vital information that are damage-prints are often lost during processing of the mode shape data. In addition, most of these processes involve long and complex computation, thus, leading to inaccurate damage identification. In this study, a simple and fast damage identification technique is proposed to identify damage in beam structures. Interval analysis is applied to the mode shapes of a beam structure in the damaged and undamaged states. The interval situations of each of the beam's segment via mode shape are derived to obtain the upper and lower bounds and the derived bounds are compared. To establish a relationship for identify the damaged point, a possibility of damage existence is defined for each segment of the beam structure. The mode shape increment is defined as the increase in the mode shape value. Furthermore, a damage measure index that provide enhance damage information is obtained as the product of the possibility of damage existence and mode shape increment. A numerical model of a simply supported steel beam is applied to demonstrate this method by imposing damage through thickness reduction of elements in segments. In addition, a parametric analysis is carried out to evaluate noise effect by considering varying damage severities and different noise levels. The results showed that this method is simple and provides considerable accurate results.     

数字转播车的维护调整与改造

电视转播车是电视台制作节目的重要设备,搞好数字转播车的维护调整和设备的更新改造,不仅能减少投入,而且可持久地为录制高质量的节目提供强有力的保障.从车体和技术系统两大方面讲述数字摄像机的调整与维护.