椭圆形钢铅耗能器性能及振动台试验

针对工字型钢铅组合耗能器直角区域容易应力集中、过早屈服断裂退出工作的问题,提出一种由钢和铅两种材料组成的椭圆形钢铅耗能器,这种耗能器加工简便且水平两个方向都具有良好耗能性能.首先,对椭圆形钢铅耗能器中钢板的平面应力进行分析.其次,对椭圆形钢铅耗能器进行力学性能试验;利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立椭圆形钢铅耗能器的非线性计算模型进行数值分析并与性能试验结果进行对比.最后,对一个安装和不安装椭圆形钢铅耗能器的六层钢框架结构模型进行振动台对比试验.研究结果表明:数值分析结果与性能试验结果吻合良好,本文建立椭圆形钢铅耗能器数值计算模型的方法正确;椭圆形钢铅耗能器滞回曲线饱满,具有良好耗能能力;椭圆形钢铅耗能器对多层结构的地震反应具有较好减震效果.     

一种新型摩擦电液加载系统的设计与验证

为解决传统负载模拟器受到被加载对象运动干扰的问题,提高实验室环境下负载模拟的精度,提出用执行机构或伺服驱动系统带载测试的摩擦电液加载方案.分析传统电液负载模拟器加载性能受被测试设备运动干扰的影响,设计一种基于摩擦加载的主动式电液力矩伺服加载系统.根据加载原理,建立摩擦加载系统的数学模型,分析数学模型结果表明,理想情况下摩擦加载方案不受被加载机构运动的影响.鉴于实际过程中系统存在多种变化参数,特别是具有不确定性和时变性的摩擦,仿真分析摩擦因数变化时摩擦电液加载系统的加载性能.仿真结果表明:传统电液负载模拟器受被测试设备运动影响很大,使得传统电液负载模拟器性能很难进一步提升;相对被动加载的传统模拟器性能,尽管摩擦因数会受相对运动、负载压力和温度等因素的影响在一定范围内变化,但摩擦电液加载系统仍能保持较高的力矩模拟精度.     

广义空间调制系统中的物理层抗窃听传输方案

为实现信息的保密传输,提出一种基于广义空间调制技术的物理层安全方案.发射端根据合法信道的状态信息对信号进行预处理,使合法接收者接收到来自各激活发射天线的信号相位对齐,并对不同激活天线组合的信号进行不同的相位旋转,提高合法接收者的接收性能.而窃听者接收到的信号相位仍然为随机分布,接收性能远低于合法接收者,有效地保护通过天线索引传输的信息.发送端同时发送指向窃听者的人工噪声,保护通过幅相调制携带的信息不被窃听.对保密容量、误码性能和信号与人工噪声的功率分配进行理论分析,仿真结果表明,通过合理分配功率,合法接收者的误码性能明显优于窃听者,能获得可观的系统保密容量.     

涡扇发动机拉紧轴疲劳试验

针对涡扇发动机拉紧轴在工作环境中所存在的疲劳失效问题,提出基于有限元法(FEM)与Miner线性累积损伤理论相结合的理论模型,实现了已知涡扇发动机拉紧轴材料、几何尺寸等条件下的标准载荷循环谱计算.进一步开展了风扇拉紧轴的疲劳寿命试验测试与分析,结果表明,试验中拉紧轴可承受30 000次试验载荷循环数,试验之后经检查无裂纹、凸肩切入、螺纹断扣等失效现象,最终确定其在标准载荷循环下的安全使用寿命.通过开展对拉紧轴的疲劳试验研究、仿真计算与分析等工作,有效验证了可靠性寿命预测方法与模型的可行性.     

基于新型Canny算法雷达距离图像边缘检测算法

针对激光雷达距离像的噪声滤波和边缘检测问题,提出了一种结合改进环圈滤波算法和自适应Canny算法的距离像边缘检测算法.通过改进环圈滤波对距离像的噪声进行抑制,在滤除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节特征信息.从梯度幅值计算、非极大值抑制和阀值自动选择3个方面对传统Canny算法进行改进,克服了噪声影响和边缘检测模糊等缺点.实验结果表明,该算法能够可靠的对距离图像进行边缘检测,并且检测结果的信息熵和标准差指标数据优于传统的Sobel算法和Laplace算法,能够较好地满足激光雷达距离像边缘检测的实际需要.     

New soft morphological parameterized symmetric logarithmic image processing filtering algorithm

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging has the inherent random speckle noise, which seriously affects the quality of the SAR image, and it is very important to study the suppression of the speckle noise. In view of the fact that the traditional spot noise suppression method could not remove speckle noise while protecting the image texture information, a novel filtering algorithm is proposed based on the soft morphological and parameterized symmetric logarithmic image processing model. The proposed algorithm combines the flexibility of the order-statistic soft morphological operations and the characteristic of the parameterized symmetric logarithmic image processing model which establishes a parameterized symmetric structure processing part of the image, which can suppress speckle noise while protecting the texture information on the image. In order to validate the despecking performance of the proposed algorithm, we compare the effect of the filter with some of the existing filtering algorithms, and use some of the image evaluation parameters of the suppress speckle noise image to evaluate the performance of the SMPSLIP filtering algorithm. Experimental results show the effectiveness of this algorithm.     

MIMO radar waveform design in the presence of clutter and colored noise

The existing MIMO radar waveform design methods only deal with the optimization of radar waveform with the presence of clutter or colored noise, and unfortunately can not get the optimal waveform with the scenario when the clutter and colored noise coexist, which is more realistic in practical applications. To address this problem, a novel MIMO radar waveform design method based on mutual information in the presence of clutter and colored noise is proposed. The proposed scheme considers the influence of the target's response, clutter and colored noise on the optimization of the radar waveform. The mathematical expression for the transmit waveform matrix is achieved by theoretical derivation. What is more important, an optimal pairing of the eigenvectors of the target, clutter and colored noise is given and the power allocation for each antenna is optimized by the water-filling method. Simulation results show that when the total transmit power is 10dB, the proposed method's MI is 8bit and 4bit more than that of the general water-filling method and the method which only considers the pairing of the target's response and noise, respectively.     

长江水文测验体系创新实践与方向性问题探讨

为了满足大规模新增水文站网运行管理和"大水文"发展的需求,及提高人力资源配置效率,结合长江水文多年发展和改革创新的经验,提出了构建水文监测创新体系的四大体系,即水文监测管理体系、水文监测服务体系、水文监测技术支撑体系、水文监测质量控制体系。同时,分析了在当前新常态背景下,水文行业在水环境水生态监测、水资源中长期预测预报、水文信息化建设、海绵城市与城市发展等方面面临的新问题和发展方向。     

1951—2013年周口地区降水时空变化特征研究

为了研究区域降水的时空演变规律,根据周口地区28个雨量站1951—2013年的月降水量实测资料,利用经验正交函数(EOF)分析法、Mann-Kendall检验法及Morlet小波分析法,分析了周口地区63年来降水的空间分布、时间系数变化特征和时间序列的趋势性、突变性及周期性。结果表明,周口地区降水的空间分布有3种模式:全市丰(枯)一致型、南丰(枯)北枯(丰)型和东丰(枯)西枯(丰)型,其中全市丰(枯)一致型为周口地区降水的主要分布模式,其中1966年的全市降水偏枯和2003年的全市降水偏丰最为典型;周口地区降水量由东南向西北逐渐减小,各站点降水趋势变化不一,西南部呈下降趋势,中北部呈上升趋势,降水总体呈下降趋势;区域整体降水在1997年发生了突变,整体降水周期性变化明显,存在时间尺度为21 a的变化周期。研究结果可为周口地区的农业生产以及旱涝预警和减灾防灾提供理论支撑。     

Single Radar Measurement Method for Antiaircraft Projectile Miss Distance

To measure miss distance for antiaircraft projectile,a radial velocity identification and positioning method with a single radar is proposed.By analyzing the spatial resolution of multi-frequency ranging radar,the discrimination and testing model of this radar for multi-targets (projectile and target) is established to analyze the systematic error of antiaircraft miss distance.Then through the aerial target flight test and contrast test with optical test equipment,the validity of the measurement method is verified.This new method has the potential to be used in the measurement of antiaircraft projectile miss distance.