Differences in lifting strength profiles between experienced workers and novices at various exertion heights

This study compared lifting strength patterns between experienced workers and novices at various exertion heights. Twenty-one experienced workers and 21 novices were recruited to determine their static-lifting strength under various heights (10-150 cm in increments of 10 cm) using two exertion methods (vertically upward lifting, VUL, and toward body lifting, TBL). Testing posture was also recorded by a motion analysis system for comparing with the corresponding strength values.Results showed that strength during VUL were much higher than strength during TBL at 15 height positions (p < 0.001). Strength in all 30 task combinations showed no difference between the two groups except for the VUL at heights of 100-120 cm. On the average, strength exerted by novices during VUL was 4.57-7.61 kg lower than that of workers while lifting at 100-120 cm heights (all p < 0.05). The strength during TBL consistently decreased with increased heights of lifting. When workers performed VUL, the strength surprisingly remained nearly unchanged throughout the heights of interest. The postures adopted by workers during VUL were also highly differentiated from novices while performing near-floor positions, but the strength was equivalent to each other. This study demonstrated that the static-lifting strength of novices were significantly lower than those of experienced workers while upward lifting near the participant’s elbow height. It was concluded that workers tend to adopt a safer (i.e., more flexed knees) and more skillful technique than novices to generate forces, resulting in lower spinal loads during both methods of lifting.

Relevance to Industry

Many studies have established the human strength data based on student participants who do not have experience in manual materials handling. The present findings clearly suggest that lifting strength data collected on novices (e.g., on students) should be carefully applied in the task (re)design at the workplace as their strength profiles and the postures adopted during lifting differ from workers.     

基于PIC16F73的广告窗控制系统开发

开发了一种广告窗控制系统,以PIC16F73单片机为核心控制器,具有时钟、温湿度测量、语音播报、LED点阵屏显示、自动照明等功能.内部时钟精度高,LED点阵显示屏循环显示当前地名、时间、温度、湿度等信息,利用超声波接近开关能自动判断是否有人靠近,有人靠近时能对显示屏上的信息进行语音播报,定时翻转展示窗中的广告画.与传统的站台广告窗相比,该控制系统能使广告窗更加人性化和智能化,表现效果更好,成本低廉,具有推广应用价值.     

一种移动无线自组网即时语音通信系统的实现

近年来,移动无线自组织网络迅速发展,在该平台上实时语音通信的需求也日益显现。在linux平台下,利用VOIP和RTP等技术实现了无线移动自组织网络的多跳即时语音通信系统。并通过上网本组成的硬件实验平台进行了移动实验,在低速移动条件下的实时语音通信效果MOS评分在3.5以上,能够满足即时语音通信的需求。     

Implementation of a prototype VoIP system

VoIP(Voice over IP) is a rapidly growing area with great market potential.To promote it for both commerical and research purposes,a prototype VoIP system based on state-of -the -art otorola communication techniques has been developed.It is a gateway system integrating a PBX and a VoIP module.All components that H.323 defines to supprot VoIP are implemented in the VoIP module,though in a simplified manner,As an embedded system,the system features realtimeness and task distributiveness.A number of addiitonal techniques are used to improve the performance,including noise suppression,zero copy,and buffer structure optimization.When refined in interoperability,the system will also readily serve as a product.     

利用DSP实现的专用数字录音机

介绍一种使用ＤＳＰ芯片完成语音压缩的专用自动数字录音机的软、硬件设计方法,并详细讨论了语音压缩算法的选择和实现、数据库的功能以及可靠性设计的问题。     

彩色记录与重现系统

随着数字化时代的到来,各种彩色图象处理设备在人们生活中占据着越来越重要的地位。为了有效地记录和处理图象,必须了解这些设备的能力和局限,使得在记录、传输、重现彩色图像的过程中,能够减小甚至消除因设备局限而产生的色彩失真和图象误差。为了使人们对这方面的动态有所了解,针对当前最常用的彩色记录和重现设备使用的关键技术和及主要研究成果进行了较全面的叙述,并简要介绍了一些新出现的技术及其应用前景,对该领域的研究趋势做了预测。     

LPC-10e语音编解码器定点DSP实现

ＬＰＣ－１０ｅ即美国联邦标准ＦＳ１０１５,是一种在２。４ｋｂｐｓ码率下评价较好的语音编解码器。它以较低的算法复杂度实现了电话话音的质量,同样可应用于低带网络。该文在简单介绍了ＬＰＣ－１０ｅ编解码算法的基本原理和定点数字信号处理器ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ２ｘｘ后,着重讨论了这种低速率语音编解码器在ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ２ｘｘ上实现定点算法的难点和相应的关键技术。最后的仿真实验结果表明,解码与合成实时处理平均运算量为８     

HMP在呼叫中心系统中的应用

随着通信技术、计算机技术和互联网技术不断的发展融合,产生了一种全新的CTI(Computer Telecommunication Integration)技术,利用CTI技术可以把语音和数据传输相结合,充分发挥各自的优点,而通信增值服务是在CTI技术的基础上迅速发展的一种全新增值服务方式,其中最重要的应用就是呼叫中心系统的发展,是未来通信领域中增值服务的发展趋势,具有很大的发展商机和研究价值。     

基于ISD4003的语音录放系统设计与实现

给出了利用嵌入式计算机STC89C52与ISD4003构成的语音系统的硬件结构和软件设计方法,具有较好的工程应用与参考价值。     

CAN总线上语音与数据混合传输技术的研究

在排队论的基础上,文章对CAN总线协议建立了数学模型,并使用Matlab仿真平台分析了通信系统中语音与数据混合传输的性能,阐述了系统负载与帧传输平均时延的关系;使用微处理器PIC18F258、语音处理模块AMBE-2000、模数转换器PCM3500等芯片建立了一个小的硬件通信系统,进行了相应的实验测试,实现了语音与数据的混合传输。