自愿计算环境下基于代理的自适应并行调度

描述了一个自愿计算环境下的基于代理的自适应并行调度模型,该调度代理处于服务器端与工作机端之间,可以缓解服务器端的访问竞争.在该调度模型中,服务器端直接把工作单元分配给调度代理,工作机从调度代理处获取工作单元;调度代理具有自适应并行性,高效率性,容错等特性.最后通过测试与性能分析验证了该调度模型的正确性与高效性.     

Comment on "The Use of Human Subjects in Psychological Research".

While Irwin Berg's report on "The Use of Human Subjects in Psychological Research" (Amer. Psychologist, 1954, 9, pp. 108-111) places a salutary emphasis upon the precautions experimental psychologists should take both to protect the subjects' welfare and to prevent the public's wrath, other precautions need to be borne in mind lest a fear of being classed with the Nazi "doctors of infamy" causes an unhealthy swing to the other extreme of inactivity in particular areas of research. In many areas where research is desperately needed, few fruitful investigations could be conducted if the subjects were to have the advance knowledge the Nuremberg principles seem to demand. These medically oriented principles in general require considerable revision before they can be applied directly to the realm of psychology. Another factor that must be recognized is that an experiment conducted solely with voluntary subjects may suffer thereby a delimitation often disregarded. A sample of voluntary subjects may not be truly representative of the universe under scrutiny. Volunteers may differ from nonvolunteers in ways germane to experimental assumptions, hypotheses, and conclusions. From these considerations three suggestions are provided. 1. The Nuremberg principles should be translated into psychological terms through an accumulation of illustrative incidents and a resultant formulation of additional principles to be included under Section 4.3 of Ethical Standards of Psychologists. 2. Remove possible harmful side effects of ethical research. And, 3. Experimenters who rely on the use of volunteers should consider the possible influence upon their findings of the voluntary nature of the subjects and, where necessary, should qualify their conclusions accordingly. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychological versus sociological variables in studies of volunteer bias in surveys.

How does volunteering influence representativeness? Based on library research, the possibility for studying the implications of using volunteers in research was discussed. The great complexity of the issue was illustrated and documented by reference to 32 sources. From Psyc Abstracts 36:01:3AF80B. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Knitting and the Olympic Games: Clothing,Competition, Culture,and Commerce

Abstract

This article focuses on the diverse and eclectic ways in which knitting has interacted with the Olympic Games. Using key themes of clothing, competition, culture, and commerce, it explores the historical and contemporary links between the Olympics and knitting. These include a survey of knitted garments for sportswear at the Olympics (Clothing), the presence of competitive knitting at the Wenlock Olympian Games, a forerunner to the modern Olympics (Competition), the presence of knitting and crochet-based projects in the Cultural Olympiad (Culture), and the issue of Olympic branding as it has related to voluntary and social knitting (Commerce). The article concludes that knitting's historical relationship with the Olympics is worthy of exploration for the light that it can shed on knitting (as social practice and as an industry) and on the Olympics (as inspiration and commercial entity).     

汶川地震灾区大学生志愿服务初探

我国汶川大地震后,大学生志愿者奋战在抗震救灾现场,发挥了积极作用.由于大学生的实践经验、生活阅历所限,在志愿服务过程中存在些许问题.通过分析大学生志愿服务的特点和功能,探究其工作过程中存在的问题,并提出可行性建议,对规范大学生志愿服务并提高其成效有重要的意义.     

大学生志愿服务现状调查报告

大学生是我国青年志愿者的主力军,志愿服务活动在传承中华民族传统美德,实现自身价值,促进社会和谐发展发挥了重要作用。但大学生志愿服务在发展过程中出现了动力不足、运行机制不完善、缺乏发展后劲等问题,课题组创新研究思路,通过问卷调查、参与性实践调查、访谈调查等研究,全面了解高校志愿者服务活动的现状,分析问题产生的原因,提出了实现大学生志愿服务良性发展的建议。     

丙泊酚注射液在中国健康志愿者中的药动/药效学研究

目的: 丙泊酚是临床上广泛使用的短效静脉麻醉药,本文通过研究丙泊酚的药动学和药效学特征,从而评价国产丙泊酚注射液与进口产品的治疗等效性。方法: 采用随机、双盲、两周期、交叉试验设计。共入组受试者24名,于不同周期分别给予试验制剂或对照药,周期间的洗脱期为 7 d。受试者在心电、脑电监护的情况下给药,给药前2 min至用药后 15 min 实时记录脑电双频指数(BIS值)、听觉诱发电位指数(AAI)、心率、呼吸、血压、血氧饱和度,记录麻醉时间。采用HPLC-Flu法测定血浆药物浓度。试验过程中记录不良事件。结果: 共23名受试者完成本试验,试验制剂与参比制剂的主要药动学参数如下: C_max 分别为 2.284 和 2.452 mg/L; t_max 分别为4 和 4 min; AUC_0-t 分别为 0.706 和 0.423 mg·h·L^-1; AUC_0-∞ 分别为 0.471 和 0.506 mg·h·L^-1。两制剂间的相对生物利用度为 93.1%。试验制剂与参比制剂的主要药效学参数如下:BIS_min分别为 51 and 53; AAI_min分别为18 和20; BISAUC_{0-15 min}分别为 373.4 和 342.7; AAIAUC_{0-15 min}分别为 892.5 和 850.5。结论: 国产丙泊酚注射液与进口产品在药动学及药效学均具有等效性,且安全性良好,故认为二者具治疗等效性。     

Detection and analysis of resource usage anomalies in large distributed systems through multi‐scale visualization

Understanding the behavior of large scale distributed systems is generally extremely difficult as it requires to observe a very large number of components over very large time. Most analysis tools for distributed systems gather basic information such as individual processor or network utilization. Although scalable because of the data reduction techniques applied before the analysis, these tools are often insufficient to detect or fully understand anomalies in the dynamic behavior of resource utilization and their influence on the applications performance. In this paper, we propose a methodology for detecting resource usage anomalies in large scale distributed systems. The methodology relies on four functionalities: characterized trace collection, multi‐scale data aggregation, specifically tailored user interaction techniques, and visualization techniques. We show the efficiency of this approach through the analysis of simulations of the volunteer computing Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing architecture. Three scenarios are analyzed in this paper: analysis of the resource sharing mechanism, resource usage considering response time instead of throughput, and the evaluation of input file size on Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing architecture. The results show that our methodology enables to easily identify resource usage anomalies, such as unfair resource sharing, contention, moving network bottlenecks, and harmful short‐term resource sharing. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

网络志愿者协会:高校校园网舆论引导的新兴主体

高校校园网作为青年学生经常访问的网站之一,直接反映了当代青年学生的思想观念和价值取向。它在给学校师生带来方便、快捷服务的同时,在网络语言和网络道德方面也存在着明显的问题和不足,急需一种切实可行的措施来加强对高校校园网舆论的监督和引导,而网络志愿者协会的构建将对高校校园网络舆论的引导有着极其重要的意义。