一种频谱随机非连续雷达信号的处理方法

高频地波OTH雷达工作在电磁干扰严重的短波波段 ,采用非连续频谱信号可降低电磁干扰对雷达的影响 ,但频谱的非连续性会引起距离旁瓣的升高 ,回波信号的动态范围变小 ,这种旁瓣无法用传统频域加权方法消除 ,从而导致地波雷达在多目标环境下探测弱小目标的能力降低。文中从消除信号频谱的非连续性的角度 ,介绍了一种基于线性预测方法的频谱非连续高频雷达信号的处理方法 ,较好地实现了频域不连续信号距离速度二维处理。经过预测处理后所得到的输出波形的距离旁瓣电平达到 -2 7dB ,目标的距离旁瓣得到有效抑制 ,使雷达在多目标环境下检测弱小目标的能力大大提高。     

Spatial stability for the monolithic and sequential methods with various space discretizations in poroelasticity

We investigate spatial stability with various numerical discretizations in displacement and pressure fields for poroelasticity. We study 2 sources of the early time instability: discontinuity of pressure and violation of the inf‐sup condition. We consider both compressible and incompressible fluids by employing the monolithic, stabilized monolithic, and fixed‐stress sequential methods. Four different spatial discretization schemes are used: Q1Q1, Q2Q1, Q1P0, and Q2P0. From mathematic analysis and numerical tests, the piecewise constant finite volume method for flow provides stability at the early time for the case of the pressure discontinuity. On the other hand, a piecewise continuous (or higher‐order) interpolation of pressure shows spatial oscillation, having lower limits of time step size, although lower approximations of pressure than displacement can alleviate the oscillation. For an incompressible fluid, Q2Q1 can be better than Q1P0, because Q1P0 might not satisfy the inf‐sup condition. However, regardless of fluid compressibility and the pressure discontinuity, the fixed‐stress method can effectively stabilize the oscillation without an artificial stabilizer. Even when Q1P0 and Q1Q1 with the monolithic method cannot satisfy the inf‐sup condition, the fixed‐stress method can yield the full‐rank linear system, providing stability. Thus, the fixed‐stress method with Q1P0 can effectively circumvent the aforementioned 2 types of instability.     

基于EEMD奇异熵的高速道岔裂纹伤损检测

针对高速道岔裂纹伤损特征提取及状态监测问题,提出一种基于集合经验模态分解(ensemble empirical mode decomposition,简称EEMD)奇异熵和最小二乘支持向量机(least square support vector machine,简称LSSVM)的高速道岔裂纹伤损检测方法。首先,通过EEMD方法将非平稳的道岔振动信号自适应地分解为有限个基本模态分量(intrinsic mode function,简称IMF),每个IMF包含了原信号不同的特征尺度;然后,利用相关性分析筛选出与原始信号相关性最大的若干个IMF,计算所筛选IMF分量的奇异熵构成特征向量;最后,将多测点数据融合后的奇异熵特征向量输入LSSVM进行训练与测试,从而判断道岔的工作状态和伤损类型。模拟道岔裂纹伤损实验平台的振动信号分析及实验结果表明,在信噪比高于20dB时,该方法受噪声影响小,算法稳定性好,能有效地用于道岔裂纹伤损检测。     

放射性核素锝［99Tcm］标记方法在反义显像中的应用进展

反义显像是核医学显像领域里的重要组成部分。本文以放射性核素锝［⁹⁹Tc^m］标记寡核苷酸制备反义探针为切入点,对寡核苷酸的⁹⁹Tc^m标记方法做一综述。主要涉及寡核苷酸标记前的化学修饰、寡核苷酸标记方法的选择和优化、多种不同螯合剂的优势对比,以及一些反义显像的应用。以简单程序化的方式合成稳定而高效的基因反义探针,将给反义显像的发展注入新的动力,并为肿瘤的诊断与治疗带来福音。     

UO22+在羟基磷灰石上的吸附

以羟基磷灰石（HA）作骨体外模型结合计算机模拟的方法,研究了UO₂²⁺在HA上的吸附行为以及不同种类的螯合剂对其吸附行为的影响。结果表明,15 min后HA对UO₂²⁺的吸附达到平衡,HA颗粒形貌未发生明显改变,吸附过程符合拟二级动力学方程;乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）和二乙基三胺五乙酸（DTPA）对HA上UO₂²⁺的促排作用类似,能与UO₂²⁺螯合形成大量的络合离子从而达到促排的目的,但会对骨骼无机相表面造成损伤;柠檬酸对吸附在HA上的UO₂²⁺具有较强的解吸作用,但高浓度的柠檬酸会造成HA颗粒形貌显著变化,因此不适合作为铀的促排剂;抗坏血酸对UO₂²⁺在HA上的解吸没有作用,而氨基三乙酸（NTA）会导致HA对铀的吸附率增加。     

层状场域内桩-土-上部结构的整体动力有限元模拟

利用整体动力有限元方法 ,在考虑了模型的边界效应和桩土界面的滑移、接触非线性行为的基础上 ,较全面地研究了层状土域中桩基上下部结构的惯性相互作用和运动相互作用两种基本效应。通过实例计算表明 :土的分层和桩土非线性共同作用可以明显降低体系的动力加速度峰值和层间位移反应 ,而且土与桩的脱离与闭合对桩土刚体相互作用的影响较大     

Testing for parameter constancy in non‐Gaussian time series

This paper investigates testing for parameter constancy in models for non‐Gaussian time series. Models for discrete valued count time series are investigated as well as more general models with autoregressive conditional expectations. Both sup‐tests and CUSUM procedures are suggested depending on the complexity of the model being used. The asymptotic distribution of the CUSUM test is derived for a general class of conditional autoregressive models.     

Stabilized four‐node tetrahedron with nonlocal pressure for modeling hyperelastic materials

Non‐linear hyperelastic response of reinforced elastomers is modeled using a novel three‐dimensional mixed finite element method with a nonlocal pressure field. The element is unconditionally convergent and free of spurious pressure modes. Nonlocal pressure is obtained by an implicit gradient technique and obeys the Helmholtz equation. Physical motivation for this nonlocality is shown. An implicit finite element scheme with consistent linearization is presented. Finally, several hyperelastic examples are solved to demonstrate the computational algorithm including the inf–sup and verifications tests. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

超分辨率图像配准方法研究

介绍了空间域和频率域图像配准原理,在总结已有成果的基础上,对几种典型的算法进行了分析和比较,最后给出了超分辨率图像配准方法的发展方向.