Development of oxidation resistant coatings for titanium alloys

Abstract

This work addresses the development of a coating to protect the titanium alloy designated IMI834 from oxidation and alpha case formation. This is to enable the safe use of the alloy at relatively high operating temperatures and thereby significantly improve the efficiency of aeroengines. Two different types of surface modification techniques have been employed to coat the titanium alloy: electrodeposition and pack aluminising. Cyclic isothermal oxidation studies revealed that platinum aluminide coating obtained by electrodeposition followed by pack aluminising exhibits good oxidation resistance compared with that exhibited by a plain aluminide coating. Based on results obtained by different techniques, it is suggested that platinum aluminide is a prospective coating material for preventing alpha case formation and protecting against oxidation in components fabricated from titanium alloy IMI834.     

Inhibitory effects of curcumin on activity of cytochrome P450 2C9 enzyme in human and 2C11 in rat liver microsomes

Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), one of the most important phase I drug metabolizing enzymes, could catalyze the reactions that convert diclofenanc into diclofenac 4′-hydroxylation. Evaluation of the inhibitory effects of compounds on CYP2C9 is clinically important because inhibition of CYP2C9 could result in serious drug–drug interactions. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of curcumin on CYP2C9 in human and cytochrome P450 2C11 (CYP2C11) in rat liver microsomes. The results showed that curcumin inhibited CYP2C9 activity (10?µmol?L^–1 diclofenac) with half-maximal inhibition or a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 15.25?µmol?L^–1 and Ki?=?4.473?µmol?L^–1 in human liver microsomes. Curcumin’s mode of action on CYP2C9 activity was noncompetitive for the substrate diclofenanc and uncompetitive for the cofactor NADPH. In contrast to its potent inhibition of CYP2C9 in human, diclofenanc had lesser effects on CYP2C11 in rat, with an IC50 ≥100?µmol L^–1. The observations imply that curcumin has the inhibitory effects on CYP2C9 activity in human. These in vitro findings suggest that more attention should be paid to special clinical caution when intake of curcumin combined with other drugs in treatment.     

γ-Al_2O_3催化尿素法合成二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯反应研究

首次尝试以二苯甲烷二胺(MDA)、尿素和甲醇为原料直接合成二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯(MDC),分别考察了催化剂种类和反应条件对MDC合成反应的影响。结果表明:经400℃焙烧2h的γ-Al2O3对该反应具有较高的催化活性。适宜反应条件为:反应温度180℃,反应时间6h,反应初压1.2 MPa,n(MDA)∶n(尿素)∶n(甲醇)∶n(γ-Al2O3)=1∶3∶50∶0.1。在此条件下,MDA的转化率为81.7%,MDC的收率和选择性分别为26.3%和32.2%。采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术对MDC合成反应的反应路径进行了分析,认为促进中间产物4-氨基-4′-氨基甲酸甲酯二苯甲烷(MMC)向MDC转化是提高MDC选择性的关键。     

Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si合金中α′相和α″相的组织演变与力学性能

对Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si合金进行固溶时效处理,随后使用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、XRD衍射仪、拉伸试验以及冲击性能试验,分析固溶时效对合金中α′相和α″相的组织演变与力学性能的影响。结果表明,固溶处理后的微观组织中发生初生α相尺寸变小并趋于等轴化,尺寸较小的初生α相发生溶解并消失,其β转变组织变得不明显,经时效后的微观组织中析出大量α_s相,β转变组织更加明显。经固溶处理后,组织均由α+α′+α″相构成,经时效处理后,组织由α相和β相构成。合金经固溶处理后,其抗拉强度为1336 MPa,屈服强度为1070 MPa,断后伸长率为6%,断面收缩率为22%,冲击吸收能量为16 J。经时效处理后,强度随时效温度升高而升高,塑性趋势与之相反,其冲击性能几乎没有变化。合金经固溶处理后的拉伸与冲击断口微观形貌均由韧窝构成,为典型的韧性断裂。经时效处理后,拉伸和冲击断口的微观形貌有明显的高低起伏,随着时效温度的升高,韧窝的尺寸和数量减少,并出现撕裂棱以及空洞,断裂类型有向脆性断裂转变的趋势,但仍以韧性断裂为主。     

攀钢密地选钛厂4万吨微细粒级选钛工程浮选尾矿治理

简要介绍了攀钢密地选钛厂微细粒级 4万 t选钛工程的基本工艺流程 ,较详细地分析了所设计的尾矿处理设备不能达到生产要求的原因 ,并从理论和实践上提出了解决问题的具体措施     

Compositional tailoring effect on crystal structure,mechanical and thermal properties of γ-AlON transparent ceramics

In view of the practical application of γ-AlON as a promising transparent structural ceramic, in-depth insight into its mechanical and thermal properties is essential. The solid-state MAS NMR technique was combined with XRD Rietveld refinement to confirm the crystal structure of Al_(8+x)/3O_4-xN_x (x = 0.299–0.575). These structural parameters were further applied to predict hardness and elastic properties based on theoretical exploration, which are in good agreement with the experimental values. A slight enhancement of mechanical properties with increasing nitrogen concentration is attributed to the stronger chemical bond in octahedra. The experimental thermal conductivity of γ-AlON transparent ceramics was improved slightly with the rise of x in the temperature range from 298 K to 1074 K. The intrinsic lattice thermal conductivity was determined by eliminating the extrinsic phonon scattering as well as the thermal radiation. The reason for the discrepancy between experimental and intrinsic thermal conductivity was revealed. The present methods provided powerful and accessible guidelines in optimizing the mechanical and thermal properties of oxynitride materials.     

气相色谱法测定γ-戊内酯的方法学研究

采用内标法进行了γ-戊内酯测定的气相色谱方法学研究。采用十二烷为内标物,对气相色谱分析γ-戊内酯的专属性、精密度、准确度、检测限等进行了验证。结果表明,气相色谱检测γ-戊内酯具有良好的线性（γ-戊内酯和内标物十二烷的浓度比（g/g）在0.25～2.5之间成线性,相关系数R2=0.9984）,重复测定相对标准偏差小于5.0%,加标回收率为99.5%~104.6%。实验表明内标气相色谱法可以用于γ-戊内酯的定量分析。     

Chain stiffness and chain conformation of poly(α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone) in dilute solutions

The chain stiffness and local chain conformation of atactic poly(α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone) (PMBL), which is a side chain cyclic structural analog of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), with a weight-average molecular weight (M_w) ranging from 2.8 × 10³ to 2.6 × 10⁶ in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and γ-butyrolactone (GBL) were characterized by size exclusion chromatography with a multi-angle light-scattering detector (SEC-MALS) and synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Based on the Kratky-Porod worm-like chain model, the scattering functions and the M_w dependence of z-average root-mean-square radius of gyration <S²>_z^1/2 yielded the Kuhn segment lengths λ⁻¹, the diameter of the PMBL chains d, and the excluded-volume strengths in DMF and GBL. The local conformation of atactic PMBL in DMF and GBL were slightly larger than those of atactic PMMA, due to the presence of the conformationally rigid lactone ring structure.     

Ce_(0.7)Zr_(0.3)/γ-Al_2O_3纳米固溶体的制备及其结构

以氯氧化锆、硝酸铈、硝酸铝为原料,按n(Ce)∶n(Zr)=0.7∶0.3的比例,采用化学共沉淀法与有机物共沸蒸馏法,将CeO2、ZrO2分散到γ-Al2O3表面上使其形成Ce0.7Zr0.3O2/γ-Al23固溶体。用XRD考察纳米固溶体在不同温度下焙烧后的相结构。结果表明:Ce0.7Zr0.3O2/γ-Al2O3纳米固溶体为立方晶型,且随着焙烧温度的升高,样品的衍射峰依次变强,峰宽变窄。     

操作条件对γ-Al2O3膜分离性能的影响

通过正交实验探讨了酸性条件下,温度、压力、PH值、流速、浓度对γ-Al2O3管式多孔膜渗透通量和Mg2+的截留率的影响。实验采用溶胶–凝胶法自制管式纳米孔膜和错流循环过滤方式。结果表明,操作压力和温度对膜通量的影响显著,同时压力及pH对截留率影响显著,而酸性环境下有利于γ-Al2O3多孔膜对阳离子的脱除。