Cu-Zn-Ti催化剂上顺酐气相催化加氢制备γ-丁内酯

通过共沉淀法制备了Cu-Zn-Ti系列催化剂,并对还原前后的样品进行了XRD、XPS、TPR以及BET等表征分析。结果表明,Cu-Zn-Ti催化剂催化顺酐加氢制备γ-丁内酯的活性与选择性和催化剂的原子配比有关。铜含量较低时,CuO与ZnO及TiO₂之间存在强的相互作用。铜含量较高时,存在游离的CuO。催化剂还原后,铜以Cu0形式存在。当CuO以表面结合形态存在时,还原得到的Cu0有利于顺酐深加氢反应的进行。     

Understanding the correlation between calcination temperature and performance in low-temperature methanation over Ni-Zr/Al2O3 catalysts

Low-temperature methanation of CO in the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) over Zr doped Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst calcined at different temperatures (673, 723, and 823 K) was investigated. XRD, TPR, XPS, ICP, SEM, and S-TPR techniques were employed to characterize the fresh and spent catalysts. Based on the characterization results, it was found that low-temperature (673 K) calcination could effectively prohibit the formation of NiAl₂O₄ spinel, thereby resulting in more reducible NiO particles, which were the essential precursor of methanation active sites over the catalyst surface. Thus, the highest CO conversion of 93.6% was achieved over the 25N3ZA-673 catalyst. In addition, the deactivation rate of 25N3ZA-673 was relatively slow in comparison to 25N3ZA-823 due to the presence of more reducible NiO. The formed nickel carbonyl species (Ni[CO]_x), which quickly decomposed at a higher reaction temperature, was closely related to the catalyst deactivation. Therefore, 25N3ZA-673 possessed much better stability at 593 K than that at 553 K.     

远安县古树资源状况与分布特征

[目的]系统研究远安县古树特征,为远安县和湖北省古树资源保护和制定管理措施提供参考.[方法]基于DEM坐标网格法对远安县古树资源种类组成、分布范围、结构特征、生长状况以及空间分布格局进行分析.[结果]远安县现有存活古树830株,隶属于28科41属46种,古树数量和种类较为丰富.古树平均树龄206.17 a,其中一级、二...     

Btk/JAK3双靶点共价抑制剂的设计、合成及其活性研究

布鲁顿式酪氨酸激酶(Btk)和两面神激酶3(JAK3)均是自身免疫性疾病和血液系统恶性肿瘤的潜力靶标.以4-氯吡咯并嘧啶为原料,经7步反应合成了一系列7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-胺衍生物,其结构经1HNMR、13CNMR和MS(ESI)分析证实.体外依次考察了所得化合物分别对Btk和JAK3激酶的活性、以及对部...     

Renewable hydrogen production from steam reforming of glycerol (SRG) over ceria-modified γ-alumina supported Ni catalyst

Excess crude glycerol derived as a by-product from biodiesel industry prompts the need to valorise glycerol to value-added chemicals. In this context, catalytic steam reforming of glycerol (SRG) was proposed as a promising and sustainable alternative for producing renewable hydrogen (H₂). Herein, the development of nickel (Ni) supported on ceria-modified mesoporous γ-alumina (γ-Al₂O₃) catalysts and their applications in catalytic SRG (at 550–750 °C, atmospheric pressure and weight hourly space velocity, WHSV, of 44,122 ml·g⁻¹·h⁻¹ (STP)) is presented. Properties of the developed catalysts were characterised using many techniques. The findings show that ceria modification improved Ni dispersion on γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst support with highly active small Ni particles, which led to a remarkable catalytic performance with the total glycerol conversion (ca. 99%), glycerol conversion into gaseous products (ca. 77%) and H₂ yield (ca. 62%). The formation rate for H₂ production (14.4 × 10⁻⁵ mol·s⁻¹·g⁻¹, TOF (H₂) = 3412 s⁻¹) was significantly improved with the Ni@12Ce-Al₂O₃ catalyst, representing nearly a 2-fold increase compared with that of the conventional Ni@Al₂O₃ catalyst. In addition, the developed catalyst also exhibited comparatively high stability (for 12 h) and coke resistance ability.     

γ-聚谷氨酸对带鱼鱼糜凝胶特性的影响

γ-聚谷氨酸作为一种新型可食用的食品添加剂,可显著提高带鱼鱼糜的凝胶强度(P<0.05),且对鱼糜的白度值影响较小。响应面优化试验结果表明,采用两段加热方式,γ-聚谷氨酸添加量0.54‰、第1段加热温度52.6℃,加热时间39min时,鱼糜凝胶强度最高,为281.66g.cm。在各影响因素中,γ-聚谷氨酸添加量对凝胶强度的影响最大,其次是第1段加热温度,加热时间影响最小。SDS-PAGE电泳图谱和扫描电镜图谱显示γ-聚谷氨酸与鱼糜蛋白质可相互作用,从而提高鱼糜凝胶强度。经两段式加热的鱼糜凝胶强度显著高于一段加热方式(P<0.05),但二者在肌原纤维蛋白SDS-PAGE电泳图谱上无明显差异,说明γ-聚谷氨酸对二者肌原纤维蛋白质的组成没有影响。     

利用廉价原料生产聚谷氨酸的研究

目的 降低聚谷氨酸的生产成本.方法 从聚谷氨酸发酵所需的氮源和碳源出发,分别研究了小麦水解蛋白、豆饼粉、豆粕粉、玉米蛋白、玉米浆等有机氮源和甘蔗糖蜜、甜菜糖蜜、葡萄糖蜜、玉米糖蜜等碳源对聚谷氨酸发酵产量的影响,在此基础上通过单因素实验优化了玉米浆、硫酸铵、甜菜蜜、谷氨酸钠的添加量,最后通过发酵罐发酵比较了优化后的工艺与...     

γ-氨基丁酸对香菇采后品质的影响

为了探讨γ-氨基丁酸（γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA）对采后香菇品质的影响,本文研究了不同浓度的GABA处理对香菇外观和营养品质的影响。结果表明,不同浓度的GABA处理能够不同程度的降低香菇的失重率、相对电导率和丙二醛含量,抑制香菇的呼吸作用、较好的保持香菇的L*值和硬度,同时促进抗坏血酸、总酚和蛋白质的积累。从呼吸强度来看,GABA处理仅在贮藏前期（9 d）抑制香菇的呼吸作用,其中5.0 g·L?1 GABA处理的效果最好;从失重率、L*值、硬度等外观品质以及抗坏血酸、总酚、蛋白质等品质指标来看,5.0 g·L?1 GABA处理的效果最好;从相对电导率和丙二醛含量来看,2.5 g·L?1 GABA处理的效果最好,但是与5.0 g·L?1 GABA处理之间无显著差异。综合考虑GABA对香菇各项指标的影响,确定其最佳处理浓度为5.0 g·L?1。以上结果表明GABA可以通过抑制呼吸,减缓细胞膜的透性的增大,减少香菇的失水进而较好的保持香菇的硬度和色度;同时能够通过促进抗坏血酸、总酚和蛋白质的积累来保持香菇的营养品质。     

从酸菜液中筛选产γ-氨基丁酸的菌株

从腌制的酸菜液中,采用乳酸菌分离纯化法,经初筛、复筛得到一株产γ-氨基丁酸的菌株,编号为LpL-0212,对菌株进行形态学观察和生理生化实验及16S rDNA、atpA基因序列分析鉴定,鉴定该菌株为Enterococcus faecium。在含2%谷氨酸钠的TYG发酵培养基中静置培养24h,经薄层层析定性、高效液相色谱法测定,发酵液中的γ-氨基丁酸含量可达到102.37μmol/L。     

补料发酵枯草芽孢杆菌合成γ-聚谷氨酸的研究

在5L自动发酵罐中,通过分批发酵和补料分批发酵,对枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis HCUL-B-115)生物合成γ-聚谷氨酸(γ-PGA)进行研究,以达到高产的目的。结果表明：在分批发酵过程中,在通入空气条件下搅拌转速由150r/min提高至250r/min,发酵结束时γ-PGA产量从11.30g/L提高到30.86g/L;在补料分批发酵过程中,在通入空气条件下,搅拌转速采用250r/min,当糖质量浓度在20g/L以下时,每次补加50mL 糖质量浓度200g/L的玉米糖化液则菌体大量生长,γ-PGA产量提高到52.20g/L。