1-羟甲基-3,5-二甲基吡唑(DMHMP)的硝化抑制效应初探

采用室内好气培养方法,以DCD为参比对象研究了新型硝化抑制剂1-羟甲基-3,5-二甲基吡唑(DMHMP)对土壤硝化作用的影响。研究结果表明,DMHMP同DCD一样对土壤硝化作用有明显的抑制效应,主要表现在三个方面:(1)可使土壤NH4 -N含量在整个培养期内显著高于不添加抑制剂的对照处理(P<0.01);(2)使土壤NO3--N含量显著低于对照处理(P<0.01);(3)添加硝化抑制剂处理土壤的pH下降幅度和速度均较对照处理有所降低.当添加DMHMP的量与DCD相等时,其硝化抑制作用不如DCD,而当其添加量为DCD的2倍时,其硝化抑制效果明显优于DCD.在培养的第7天至第21天之间,DMHMP具有最优的硝化抑制效应。     

等速升温流态化下CaO/生物质焦的SO2/NO联合脱除特性

燃煤锅炉污染物超低排放标准对电厂脱硫和脱硝系统提出了更高的要求。CaO作为脱硫剂可以实现循环流化床锅炉烟气中SO₂的高效脱除,焦炭作为还原剂直接还原NO,同时CaO的存在对焦炭还原NO起催化作用,可以实现燃煤烟气中SO₂/NO的联合脱除。为了探究连续温度变化对CaO/生物质焦联合脱硫脱硝性能的影响,在钙循环捕集CO₂技术背景下,研究了等速升温流态化下CaO/生物质焦的SO₂/NO联合脱除特性。探究了烟气中O₂和CO₂对CaO/椰壳焦脱除SO₂/NO的影响。结果表明,O₂通过对椰壳焦表面碳原子的活化作用降低了异相还原NO温度,在300~950℃等速升温过程中CaO/椰壳焦的NO脱除效率逐渐增加,780℃以上能实现100%脱硝。O₂也提高了CaO/椰壳焦的脱硫效率。CO₂与CaO的碳酸化反应以及与椰壳焦的气化反应对同时脱除SO₂/NO有明显抑制作用。O₂和CO₂共同作用下,在500~800℃内CaO/椰壳焦的脱硝效率随温度升高而增加,脱硫效率先降低后升高。NO促进了CaO/椰壳焦脱除SO₂,而SO₂对脱硝有抑制作用。800℃时CaO/椰壳焦同时脱除SO₂和NO的效率分别为97.7%和93.9%。     

细胞培养用牛血清现状与进展

牛血清用于细胞培养已超过50年,虽然其污染外源因子的风险不能完全排除,但是至今许多贴壁细胞系和原代细胞还需采用添加牛血清的培养基进行大规模培养。本文综述了牛血清的基本营养成分、生长因子和其他功能性成分以及牛血清中最常见的外源病毒及应检测的病毒种类,并比较屠宰法和供体牛法获取血清的优缺点。     

SBR反应器中反硝化条件下去除苯酚工艺

基于异养反硝化原理,在序批式间歇反应器(SBR)中对反硝化同时降解苯酚的菌种进行了149 d的驯化,驯化通过逐步提高进水中苯酚和NO3--N的浓度进行.驯化结束后,进水苯酚质量浓度达到360 mg/L,葡萄糖质量浓度达到100 mg/L,NO3--N质量浓度达到240 mg/L,水力停留时间6 h,苯酚和NO3--N去除率均大于98%.反应器运行结果表明:进水苯酚质量浓度低于720 mg/L时,SBR反应器运行稳定;高浓度NO2--N(＞60 mg/L)可以严重影响微生物对苯酚以及NO3--N的去除能力,同时反应器中20.5%～23.5%的COD可被用于微生物的细胞合成.     

利用氯碱厂废弃盐泥制备NO3-吸附剂

将氯碱厂废弃盐泥与丙烯酸、钛酸四正丁酯等共聚，过硫酸钾作引发剂，制得TNO3^-吸附剂，同时还得到了有利用价值的二氧化硅和碳酸钙。用正交试验法与单纯形优化法相结合，确定了废弃盐泥制备NO3^-吸附剂的优良配方及合适的工艺。增添了水净化剂的新品种，探索了氯碱工业废弃盐泥利用的新途径。     

纳米α-Fe2O3的热解法制备及催化性能

以四氯化钛和氨水为原料，在常温下通过两步法制备了具有光催化活性的锐钛矿型纳米二氧化钛溶胶。制备过程如下：取一定量的四氯化钛的盐酸溶液，用1：1氨水调节pH至7～8，待产生大量沉淀后，过滤，用蒸馏水洗涤沉淀物至用硝酸银检验无氯离子存在。将沉淀加入到浓度为0．1mol／L的硝酸溶液中，搅拌均匀，移入三口烧瓶中，分别在60，70，80，90℃水浴中恒温回流2h，然后自然冷却，即得产物，分别标记为S60,S80,S90。用透射电子显微镜进行粒径分析和晶相分析；     

海上地震勘探外源干扰快速压制方法

外源信号与地震震源信号没有明显的地球物理特征差异,其频谱与有效信号频谱完全重叠,同时外源信号的反射同相轴符合地震时距曲线规律,因此用滤波等常规噪声压制方法无法压制外源干扰。本文提出一种外源干扰快速压制算法,利用外源干扰的时距曲线和正常时差可以得到外源干扰的信号源位置,再利用时距曲线模拟出任意位置处的干扰模型,以此校正炮集记录,拉平外源干扰。最后,应用LIFT去噪方法分离有效信号与外源干扰。LIFT去噪方法在信号模型建立和数据重构过程中提取估算剩余信号,能够获得更好的信噪比和信号保持。这种海上外源快速压制算法简便、高效,通过对实际三维地震资料进行处理,证实了该方法的有效性。     

Protective effects of Dragon's Blood on blood coagulation and NO/iNOS level in myocardium and serum of rats in simulated microgravity

To investigate effects of Dragon''s Blood (DB), a traditional Chinese medicine, on blood coagulation and NO/iNOS level in myocardium and serum of rats in simulated microgravity for the first time, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into six groups:(a) 5-day control group, (b) 5-day model group, (c) 5-day drug group, (d) 21-day control group, (e) 21-day model group, and (f) 21-day drug group. Blood coagulation and NO/iNOS level in myocardium and serum were examined after 5 and 21 days of simulated microgravity respectively. The results showed that blood of tail-suspended rats was in a hypercoagulable state that could not be converted with time extending. Conversely, DB changed these parameters towards normal level and the curative effects became better when tail-suspension lasted till the 21st day. NO concentration of both myocardium and serum for two periods all increased markedly and DB could effectively reduce these increases except that of 21-day myocardium NO. Activity of iNOS increased markedly as early as 5 days and became more serious on the 21st day, while DB showed preventive effect on the 21st day. Western Blot analysis illustrated that the expression of iNOS in the 5-day model group increased significantly over the 5-day control group and the expression in the 5-day drug group dramatically returned to the normal level. The similar trend was observed on the 21-day groups without notable variances. The findings of this study can serve for the further use of Dragon''s Blood in space diseases.     

Synthesis of Y-junction carbon nanofibres by ethanol catalytic combustion technique

Y-shaped structure was synthesized by ethanol catalytic combustion（ECC） technique on the copper plate substrate, without directly seeding catalyst into the flame. The as-grown Y-junction carbon nanofibres were investigated by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The very common laboratory ethanol burner was used for synthesizing carbon nanofibres. Two kinds of the catalyst precursor, which are iron nitrate （Fe（NO3）3） and nickel nitrate （Ni（NO3）2）, were respectively employed to assist the formation of Y-junction carbon nanofibres. TEM analysis confirm the formation of Y-junction in the coiled and noncoiled carbon nanofibres. The type of the catalyst is found to be crucial to grow different Y-junction carbon nanofibres. Different Y-shaped structure may possess different mechanical and electronic properties. These three-terminal nanofibres provide the nanoelectronics community with a novel material for the development of molecular-scale electronic devices.