1,3-cycloaddition of nitrile oxide to olefinic fatty acid esters: synthesis of isoxazolines

Fatty acid isoxazolines were prepared as 1,3-cyclo adducts by the reaction of dipolar nitrile oxides and dipolarophilic olefinic fatty esters. The structures of the isoxazolines were established with the help of elemental analysis, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry spectral data.     

Synthesis and anti-bacterial activity of novel dihydrochromeno[8,7-e][1,3]oxazine-2(8H)-thiones

A novel series of sulfur-containing dihydrochromeno[8,7-e][1,3]oxazine-2(8H)-thiones has been synthesized through an eco-friendly Mannich-type condensation cyclization reaction of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-thiocoumarin or 6-chloro-7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-thiocoumarin with formaldehyde and primary amines in water at 80–90°C for 2 h. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro anti-bacterial efficacy against two Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacterial strains by using the disc diffusion method. The compound (8c) was found to be most potent with the zone of inhibition of 16 and 15 mm against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 2937 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 31488, respectively.     

3-(2,6-二氯苯基)-5-(1-吡咯烷酮基)-2,3-异唑啉的合成及抑菌活性研究

以2,6-二氯苯甲醛为原料,与盐酸羟胺反应生成2,6-二氯苯甲醛肟,经氯代得到氯代2,6-二氯苯甲醛肟,再和N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮进行1,3-偶极环加成反应,合成了3-(2,6-二氯苯基)-5-(1-吡咯烷酮基)-2,3-异唑啉。其结构经1 HNMR、13 CNMR及高分辨质谱表征。初步的离体生物活性测试结果表明,该异唑啉化合物对供试菌种普遍具有抑制作用,并且对水稻纹枯病菌的抑制率达到了95.8%。     

2-苯基-3,5-二(4-吡啶基)异噁唑啉的合成及生物活性的研究

以硝基苯为起始原料,经还原生成苯基羟胺、再与4-吡啶甲醛反应生成硝酮、与4-乙烯基吡啶发生1,3-偶极环加成反应等3个步骤合成得到未见文献报道的新型四氢异噁唑啉化合物2-苯基-3,5-二(4-吡啶基)异噁唑啉。通过IR、1 HNMR、13 CNMR、HRMS等对该化合物的结构进行了表征。确定优化的1,3-偶极环加成反应条件为:反应温度75℃、溶剂为DMF。并对合成的新型四氢异噁唑啉化合物进行了生物活性测试,发现该化合物对10种病菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,尤其是对苹果轮纹的防效最高,达到了72.9%。表明,2-苯基-3,5-二(4-吡啶基)异啉啉具有一定的生物活性。     

新型可降解丁二酸-1,4-丁二醇-1,3-丙二醇-尿素共聚物的合成与表征

以丁二酸、1,4-丁二醇、1,3-丙二醇和尿素为原料,采用熔融缩聚法制备低分子量的聚酯酰胺预聚体,以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)作为扩链剂对聚酯酰胺预聚体进行扩链,得到了一系列Mw为1.0×105~1.7×105的新型可降解丁二酸-1,4-丁二醇-1,3丙二醇-尿素共聚物(聚酯酰胺),并采用流延法制备了聚酯酰胺薄膜。考察了尿素含量对聚酯酰胺热性能、结晶性能、力学性能和降解性能的影响。采用FT-IR、1H NMR、GPC、TG、DSC和XRD等对聚酯酰胺进行了表征。结果表明,随着尿素含量的增加,聚酯酰胺的熔点和热稳定性下降。尿素的加入未改变聚酯酰胺中聚酯相的晶型,但破坏了聚酯链段的规整性,使其结晶度降低。随着尿素的加入,聚酯酰胺薄膜的力学性能和降解性能不断提高。     

Synthesis,characterization and conformational transitions in copolymers of 2‐(o‐chlorophenyl)‐4‐methylene‐1,3‐dioxolane with vinyl monomers

Copolymers of 2‐(o‐chlorophenyl)‐4‐methylene‐1,3‐dioxolane with methyl methacrylate and styrene were synthesized in benzene at 85 °C in the presence of 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The structure of the resulting copolymers was investigated and a polymerization mechanism was proposed. The intrinsic viscosity of the copolymers in dilute solutions of carbon tetrachloride was determined as a function of temperature and conformational transitions were investigated. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis and crystalline structure of polyethylene containing 1,3-cylopentane units in the main chain by ring-opening metathesis copolymerization of cycloolefins following hydrogenation reaction

Polyethylene containing 1,3-cyclopentane units in the main chain was synthesized by ring-opening metathesis copolymerization of cyclopentene (CPE) or cyclooctene with norbornene (NB) following hydrogenation reaction. The copolymer with cis-1,3-cyclopentane units was obtained in good yield. The resulting copolymers showed multiple melting points. Temperature-rising elution fractionation of the copolymers elucidated a broad distribution of the copolymer composition. WAXD and FT-IR analyses of the copolymers showed existence of hexagonal crystal in hydrogenated poly(CPE-co-NB).     

Peculiar properties of lipase fromCandida parapsilosis (Ashford) langeron and talice

A newCandida parapsilosis lipase was isolated and studied. This enzyme was purified by hydrophobic chromatography on a phenyl-sepharose CL4B column followed by gel permeation on a Sephacryl S300 HR column. It was a 160 kg·mol⁻¹ molecular-weight oligomeric enzyme. Optimal activity was obtained at 45°C and pH 6.5. The lipase activity toward various acylglycerols and esters was studied. The hydrolysis rate was greater for secondary acylesters than for primary acylesters. This lipase showed a high specificity for long-chain fatty acids and particularly for polyunsaturated fatty acids. This enzyme was able to catalyze the synthesis of various oleoylesters in aqueous medium.     

The Use of Surface Renewal and Eddy Diffusivity Theories in the Ozonation of a THM Precursor: 1,3-Cyclohexanedione

Kinetic equations derived from surface renewal and eddy diffusivity theories for fast and instantaneous kinetic regimes of absorption have been applied to the results of the ozonation of 1,3-cyclohexanedione (CYC) in water. This has allowed the determination of the rate constant of the direct reaction of ozone with CYC and the liquid phase volumetric mass transfer coefficient of the system. The results obtained are close to those reported in the preceding paper (SOTELO et al., 1991) when using the film theory. However, the ozone partial pressure necessary to reach the instantaneous kinetic regime is higher for the case of the theories applied in this work.     

1,3-二取代环己烷衍生物的结构和旋光方向

按照螺旋理论,1,3-二取代环己烷衍生物的结构中存在的二面角螺旋旋光度代数和为零,不应具有旋光性,但是它们却是光学活性的.这是由于两个取代基的吸或供电子引起了相邻化学键的电子云密度发生变化,使旋光度相应变化,从而导致旋光性.但是,一般而言,这类化合物的旋光度都比较小.