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41.
殷小舟 《中国图象图形学报》2009,14(11):2299-2303
在对支持向量机在超平面附近容易对测试样本造成错分进行研究的基础上,改进了将支持向量机分类和k近邻分类相结合的方法,形成了一种新的分类器.在分类阶段计算待识别样本和最优分类超平面的距离,如果距离差大于给定阈值可直接应用支持向量机分类,否则用最佳距离k近邻分类.数值实验表明,使用支持向量机结合最近邻分类的分类器分类比单独使用支持向量机分类具有更高的分类准确率. 相似文献
42.
在定量细胞学研究中,细胞核内DNA物质含量的准确测量是癌症筛查与病理诊断的必要前题与最重要依据。由于算法、设备、环境等因素的影响,在对细胞核的数字显微图像进行处理与分析、测量DNA物质含量时会产生较大的误差。本文提出了一种基于数学形态学和k近邻回归算法的DNA物质含量校正新方法。该方法首先利用膨涨算法对细胞核分割掩码进行处理,从而对DNA物质含量的测量进行空间校正;然后采用k近邻回归算法,充分利用细胞核的形态、纹理等特征参数所蕴含的信息,从而对DNA物质含量进行光学回归校正。实验表明,该方法能够显著提高DNA物质含量测量的准确性和可信度,对提高病理诊断的特异性与敏感性都有积极的意义。 相似文献
43.
Numerical and experimental investigation of the mesoscale fracture behaviour of quenched steels
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D Said Schicchi F Hoffmann M Hunkel T Lübben 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2017,40(4):556-570
During heat treatment processes, especially during quenching, cracks may form because of the presence of high thermal and mechanical stresses and strains. Notwithstanding the fact that increasingly detailed modelling for heat treatment is being performed (considering, i.a., grain size, creep and transformation plasticity), homogeneous microstructures are still normally assumed. Chemical and hence structural inhomogeneities are not commonly explicitly considered, which is especially accentuated in the case of real parts simulation because of the resulting numerical problem's size. Intensive quenching on a cylindrical specimen of 100Cr6 (SAE) steel is proposed here to experimentally investigate the microcrack generation. A finite element based model is proposed to numerically evaluate the fracture behaviour in a two‐step simulation. First, by solving the quenching problem in direct correspondance with the experimental test performed, and second, by studying the mesoscale response taking into account the influence of second phase particles in a representative volume element based approach. The maximum principal stress criterion is used to trigger the fracture by means of the extended finite element method at the mesoscale. The trend to form cracks in the surface region, experimentally observed, has been well captured by the model. The influence of carbides sizes and content on the mesoscale fracture response has been numerically analysed as well. A good agreement has been reached between the simulations and the experimental results, exhibiting the potential of the introduced approach to be used as a failure prediction methodology. 相似文献
44.
In this study, the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) properties of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy and its friction stir welding (FSW) butt welds have been investigated. The results show that the failure of FSW joints still occurs at 7.0 × 108 cycles. The fatigue properties of the FSW joints are superior to those of the base material, especially in the super long life regime. Most fatigue cracks initiate at the thermo-mechanically affected zone and heat affected zone on the advancing side of the FSW joints, and the susceptibility of these zones to fatigue is attributed to the metallurgical heterogeneity. 相似文献
45.
Under water-rich conditions, small amphiphilic and hydrophobic drug molecules self-assemble into supramolecular nanostructures. Thus, substantial modifications in their interaction with cellular structures and the ability to reach intracellular targets could happen. Additionally, drug aggregates could be more toxic than the non-aggregated counterparts, or vice versa. Moreover, since self-aggregation reduces the number of effective “monomeric” molecules that interact with the target, the drug potency could be underestimated. In other cases, the activity could be ascribed to the non-aggregated molecule while it stems from its aggregates. Thus, drug self-assembly could mislead from drug throughput screening assays to advanced preclinical and clinical trials. Finally, aggregates could serve as crystallization nuclei. The impact that this phenomenon has on the biological performance of active compounds, the inconsistent and often controversial nature of the published data and the need for recommendations/guidelines as preamble of more harmonized research protocols to characterize drug self-aggregation were main motivations for this review. First, the key molecular and environmental parameters governing drug self-aggregation, the main drug families for which this phenomenon and the methods used for its characterization are described. Then, promising nanotechnology platforms investigated to prevent/control it towards a more efficient drug development process are briefly discussed. 相似文献
46.
利用离散时间的马尔科夫链和半马尔科夫链对复杂的多状态可修复k/n系统元件的多样性进行了分析,给出了元件状态变化以及在状态逗留时间的概率分布计算公式,然后给出了元件在状态变化、状态寿命变化的一步概率转移矩阵,最后根据对元件的分析,导出了系统的可靠度与可用度的预测模型。算例表明,得出的模型易行、有效。 相似文献
47.
通过测定海水溶液中硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)生长曲线、溶液状态参数、自腐蚀电位、电化学阻抗谱和极化曲线的变化规律,研究了SRB的存在对X100钢在该体系中的腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:SRB在海水培养基中的一个生长周期可分为快速生长阶段、稳定阶段和衰亡阶段。溶液S2-浓度和氧化还原电位与SRB数目密切相关,X100钢的自腐蚀电位随时间增加呈现先负移、然后正移、最后负移的变化规律;EIS结果表明,在接菌海水中,X100钢的腐蚀速率随着浸泡时间的增加呈现先增大、后减小、再增大的变化趋势;与灭菌海水中的腐蚀相比,X100钢在接菌海水中的腐蚀电流密度降低,腐蚀减弱,其原因是SRB生物膜的存在阻碍了海水与试样表面的直接接触,从而抑制了金属的腐蚀。 相似文献
48.
K. F. Loe 《The Visual computer》1996,12(1):18-25
A linear singular blending (LSB) technique can enhance the shape—control capability of the B-spline. This capability is derived from the blending parameters defined at the B-spline control vertices and blends LSB line segments or bilinear surface patches with the B-spline curve or surface. Varying the blending parameters between zero and unity applies tension for reshaping. The reshaped curve or surface retains the same smoothness properties as the original B-spline; it possesses the same strict parametric continuities. This is different from the -spline, which introduces additional control to the B-spline by imposing geometrical continuities to the joints of curve segments or surface patches. For applications in which strict parametric continuities cannot be compromised, LSB provides an intuitive way to introduce tension to the B-spline. 相似文献
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