The historical workstation project

Since 1978 research in the development of software dedicated to the specific problems of historical research has been undertaken at the Max-Planck-Institute für Geschichte in Göttingen. From a background of practical experiences during these years, a concept of what an appropriate workstation for an historian would be has been derived. It stresses the necessity of three components: (a) software, derived from a detailed analysis of what differentiates information contained in historical sources from such present in current material, (b) databases which are as easily available as printed books and (c) knowledge bases which allow software and data bases to draw upon the information contained in historical reference works. A loose network of European research projects, dedicated to the realization of such a setup, is described.Manfred Thaller has a Ph.D. (1975) in Modern and Medieval History and held a post-doctoral fellowship in sociology at the Institute for Advanced Studies (Vienna). Since 1978 he has been at the Max-Planck-Institute for History, where he is a research fellow for Historical Information Science.     

一种快速的反向k近邻查找算法及其改进

提出一种快速的反向k近邻查找算法,该方法利用现代计算机具有外存便宜、运行速度快的特点,预先计算数据之间的距离,并组织为数据索引块存储于外存,由计算机在空闲时自动进行维护.在进行反向最近邻查询时,只需读入相应的索引块,就可进行直接查询,其时间复杂度为O(N),而且不受k的影响.为减少索引块的读取时间,提出一种改进方法来有效地压缩索引块,仅用必要的二进制位来存储对象之间的距离,并将冗余减少到最低水平,提高了算法的效率.最后通过实验分析评估算法的有效性和效率.     

On-Line Approximate String Searching Algorithms: Survey and Experimental Results

The problem of approximate string searching comprises two classes of problems: string searching with k mismatches and string searching with k differences. In this paper we present a short survey and experimental results for well known sequential approximate string searching algorithms. We consider algorithms based on different approaches including dynamic programming, deterministic finite automata, filtering, counting and bit parallelism. We compare these algorithms in terms of running time against pattern length and for several values of k for four different kinds of text: binary alphabet, alphabet of size 8, English alphabet and DNA alphabet. Finally, we compare the experimental results of the algorithms with their theoretical complexities.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF PROPAGATION AND BREAKING PROCESSES OF A FOCUSED WAVES GROUP

A two-dimensional numerical wave flume is developed to study the focused waves group propagation and the consequent breaking processes. The numerical model is based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, with the standard k-ε turbulence model to simulate the turbulence effects. To track the complicated and broken free-surface, the Volume Of Fluid (VOF) method is employed. The numerical model combines the "Partial Cell Treatment (PCT)" method with the "Locally Relative Stationary (LRS)" concept to treat the moving wave paddle so that various waves can be generated directly in a fixed Cartesian grid system. The theoretical results of the linear and nonlinear waves are used to validate the numerical wave flume firstly, and then a plunging breaking wave created by a focused waves group is simulated. The numerical results are compared to the experimental data and other simulation results, with very good agreements. The turbulence intensity, the flow field and the energy dissipation in the breaking processes are analyzed based on the numerical results. It is shown that the present numerical model is efficient and accurate for studying the waves group generation, the waves packet propagation, and the wave breaking processes.     

基于AT89C52的帆板角度控制研究

利用AT89C52单片机、角度检测电路,YM12864R显示电路,风扇驱动电路等电路组成帆板自动控制系统,通过A／D采集角度信号,然后和给定角度进行比较,通过PWM方式,调节占空比,调节电压,控制电机速度,改变风速大小,从而达到控制帆板转角的目的．     

武汉原状粉质黏土与其重塑土的试验对比研究（I）：试验结果描述

以武汉沙湖粉质黏土为研究对象,首先借助于高压固结仪,对重塑土和原状土进行了室内侧限的固结试验;其次利用改进的应力控制式常规三轴仪,在不同的加荷路径和排水条件下,对重塑土和原状土分别进行了常规三轴试验研究,并对试验资料进行了较为系统的分析．结果表明：1）原状土的侧压力系数约为0．56,超固结比约等于1．2,为弱超固结土体,其结构屈服压力稍大于其前期固结压力;2）原状土初始的切线模量及其抗剪强度均高于重塑土相应的值;3）在固结排水条件下的三轴剪切试验,原状土的剪胀量要小于重塑土的剪胀量,但在固结不排水条件下,原状土体的剪胀趋势却明显要高于重塑土的剪胀趋势．     

线性模型中回归系数的c-F(K)型估计的研究和应用

针对引起线性回归模型最小二乘估计性能变坏的根本原因,在线性回归模型中提出了一种新的有偏估计β^(F(K))=(cX'V-1X+TF(K)T')-1X'V-1Y,它将众多经典的有偏估计结合在一起,对有偏估计进行了改进.首先利用Stine式压缩技术说明在均方误差意义下β(F(K))=(cX'V-1X+TF(K)T')-1X'V-1Y,它将众多经典的有偏估计结合在一起,对有偏估计进行了改进.首先利用Stine式压缩技术说明在均方误差意义下β^(F(K))具有优于广义岭估计的优良性质,然后将β(F(K))具有优于广义岭估计的优良性质,然后将β^(F(K))应用到多元线性回归模型的可容许性上.     

组合星图中包含条件边错的圈的嵌入问题

借用星图中解决包含错误边的圈的嵌入问题的思想,将其应用到组合星图中,解决组合星图中包含条件边错的圈的嵌入问题.应用数学归纳法分两种情况证明当错误边的数目|f|=1时,对于组合星图Sn,n-2(n≥4)中任意一条健康边存在通过此边的所有长度从7到(n!)/2-1的不含错误边的圈.     

路网上的单色和双色反k最远邻查询

传统的路网上的反最远邻查询是直接找出查询点的反最远邻,这种方法不但效率不高,而且需要大量内存资源进行预计算。为了更有效地解决基于路网的单色和双色反k最远邻查询问题,提高反k最远邻查询的效率,提出了从反最近邻的角度来分析反最远邻查询问题,把反最远邻查询转化为反最近邻问题。根据这一理论,提出了一种有效的基于路网的单色和双色的反k最远邻查询算法。通过实验与实验分析表明,该方法具有良好的实用价值。     

Olfactory Responses to Aphid and Host Plant Volatile Releases: (E)-β-Farnesene an Effective Kairomone for the Predator Adalia bipunctata

The volatiles released from several aphid and host plant species, alone or associated, were studied for their infochemical role in prey location. Using a four-arm olfactometer, the attraction of several combinations of three aphid (Myzus persicae, Acyrthosiphon pisum, and Brevicoryne brassicae) and three plant (Vicia faba, Brassica napus, and Sinapis alba) species toward Adalia bipunctata larvae and adults was observed. Both predatory larvae and adults were attracted only by A. pisum and M. persicae when they were crushed, whatever the host plant. (E)-beta-farnesene, the aphid alarm pheromone, was the effective kairomone for the ladybird. Plant leaves alone (V. faba, B. napus, and S. alba) or in association with nonstressed whole aphids (the three species) did not have any attraction for the predator. The B. brassicae specialist aphid is the only prey that was not attracted to A. bipunctata larvae and adults, even if they were crushed. Release of B. brassicae molecules similar to the host plant allelochemicals was demonstrated by GC-MS analysis. The lack of behavioral response of the ladybird at short distance toward the cruciferous specialist aphid was related only to the absence of (E)-beta-farnesene in the aphid prey volatile pattern.