37Mn5钢热变形行为与流变应力模型研究

利用Gleeble-1500热模拟实验机研究37Mn5钢在变形温度为800～1150℃、变形速率为0．1～10s^-1条件下的热压缩变形行为。采用应变硬化率-应力曲线图较精确地获得峰值应力,并用双曲正弦方程描述37Mn5钢热压缩变形过程中的峰值应力与Zener—Hollomon参数的关系。回归分析得到方程中变形激活能及各材料常数的值,获得37Mn5钢在高温条件下的流变应力本构方程。结果表明,采用该本构方程计算出的流变应力值与实验所得应力值非常接近。     

嵌入式系统应用中实现RS485的方向切换

RS485接口具有良好的抗噪声干扰性能、长传输距离和多站能力等特点,使其成为工业控制的首选串行接口。嵌入式系统中也广泛采用RS485接口作为设备控制的串行接口。RS485采用两线差分的接线方式进行串口数据的传输。由于发送和接收都是采用这两根差分线进行,因此它是半双工工作模式。基于RS485的特点,分别讲述了通过硬件方式和软件方式来实现RS485发送和接收方向的切换,重点解决了DM8168嵌入式平台上软件实现RS485方向切换的功能。     

37Mn5钢精炼过程夹杂物转变机理

 钢中非金属夹杂物在精炼过程中发生成分转变,影响最终产品性能。37Mn5石油套管钢生产精炼过程中,在不进行钙处理的条件下,夹杂物成分从LF炉进站时的Al₂O₃转变为软吹结束时的Al₂O₃-CaO-SiO₂-MgO-CaS复合夹杂物。为研究夹杂物改性原因,揭示夹杂物转变机理,从生产现场取钢样进行夹杂物分析。结果表明,大尺寸夹杂物与一般尺寸夹杂物的成分存在显著差异,随着精炼过程的进行,不同尺寸夹杂物成分和数密度变化趋势也有所不同。大于10 μm的夹杂物成分接近精炼渣,可能是由渣进入钢液引起的。在硅铁合金中钙的质量分数为1.17%,会起到类似钙处理的效果,快速生成大量小尺寸CaS夹杂物。通过对夹杂物成分、数量、形貌进行分析,结合渣成分和热力学计算结果,得到了37Mn5钢精炼过程夹杂物经历脱氧、耐材侵蚀、渣进入钢液、合金带入钙与钢液反应、夹杂物与钢液反应等过程,以及成分发生转变的机理。     

气相离子C18H37NH3^＋在低碰撞能下的远电荷碎裂反应

本文研究了电子轰击、化学电离条件下四碘合钴酸十八胺、四氯合钴酸十八胺加热分解产生的C_(18)H_(37)NH_3~ (m/z270)离子碰撞诱导解离谱,在低碰撞能量范围(0～10eV)、多次碰撞条件下观察到了远电荷碎裂反应,给出了反应所需内能的估计值,该离子比直接由正十八胺质子化得到的离子具有较高的内能。     

High-resolution three-dimensional imaging of the rich membrane structures of bone marrow-derived mast cells

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) imaging of cultured bone marrow-derived mast cells. Cells were immobilized by a quick centrifugation and fixation to preserve their transient cellular morphologies followed by AFM characterization in buffer. This "fix-and-look" approach preserves the structural integrity of individual cells. Well-known membrane morphologies, such as ridges and microvilli, are visualized, consistent with prior electron microscopy observations. Additional information including the 3D measurements of these characteristic features are attained from AFM topographs. Filopodia and lamellopodia, associated with cell spreading, were captured and visualized in three dimensions. New morphologies are also revealed, such as high-density ridges and micro-craters. This investigation demonstrates that the "fix-and-look" approach followed by AFM imaging provides an effective means to characterize the membrane structure of hydrated cells with high resolution. The quantitative imaging and measurements pave the way for systematic correlation of membrane structural features with the biological status of individual cells.     

生物酶用于混合办公废纸脱墨

研究了碎浆浓度、碎浆时间、碎浆温度及生物酶用量四个因素对生物酶用于混合办公废纸脱墨效果的影响.结果表明:所选四个因素对脱墨效果的影响都较大.得出的最佳工艺条件为:碎浆浓度10%、碎浆时间30m in、碎浆温度60℃、生物酶用量0.02%,此时脱墨后的成纸白度为85.8%ISO,Eric值为31,油墨去除率达78.0%.     

Development of stress/strain curves for 80In15Pb5Ag

Experimental studies relating stress to strain under large strain conditions were conducted for 80In15Pn5Ag, at strain rates of 0.21 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹, 0.42 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹, and 2.1 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹; and at temperatures of −65, 0, 25, 75, 100, and 125°C. The ultimate tensile stress of 80In15Pb5Ag as a function of temperature and strain rate was plotted. Similar measurements were made using 63Sn37Pb as a baseline comparison. Tin/lead eutectic was found to have a maximum tensile stress which was 50% higher than 80In15Pb5Ag at 25°C, and approximately 100% higher than 80In15Pb5Ag at 100°C. Under the same conditions, the ductility of 80In15Pb5Ag is always greater than that of 63Sn37Pb.     

The Hsp90/Cdc37p chaperone system is a determinant of molybdate resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacks enzymes that contain the molybdopterin co‐factor and therefore any requirement for molybdenum as a trace mineral supplement. Instead, high molybdate levels are inhibitory to its growth. Low cellular levels of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), an essential chaperone, were found to enhance this sensitivity to molybdate. Certain Hsp90 point mutations and co‐chaperone protein defects that partially compromise the function of the Hsp90/Cdc37p chaperone system also rendered S. cerevisiae hypersensitive to high molybdate levels. Sensitivity was especially apparent with mutations close to the Hsp90 nucleotide binding site, with the loss of the non‐essential co‐chaperone Sti1p (the equivalent of mammalian Hop), and with the abolition of residue Ser14 phosphorylation on the essential co‐chaperone Cdc37p. While it remains to be proved that these effects reflect direct inhibition of the Hsp90 of the cell by the MoO₄²⁺ oxyanion in vivo; this possibility is suggested by molybdate sensitivity arising with a mutation in the Hsp90 nucleotide binding site that does not generate stress sensitivity or an impaired stress response. Molybdate sensitivity may therefore be a useful phenotype to score when studying mutations in this chaperone system. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.