应力比对J55钢级疲劳裂纹断口形貌的影响

借助疲劳试验机及SEM,研究了应力比对J55钢级疲劳裂纹扩展性能的影响,并对断口形貌进行分析。结果表明:随着应力比增大,进入快速裂纹扩展区的ΔK变小;对于应力比0.1,低Paris区断裂模式为沿晶体学平面发生的穿晶断裂,Paris线性部分为由双滑移机制控制的疲劳条带断裂,高Paris区为疲劳条带断裂和延性静态断裂相结合的断裂模式;应力比为0.3、0.5与应力比为0.1的断裂模式相似;对于应力比0.7,沿晶体学平面发生穿晶断裂模式贯穿整个Paris区。     

Is technological change biased toward energy? A multi-sectoral analysis for the French economy

Since the adoption and implementation of new technologies has an important influence on the structure and performance of the economy in both developed and developing countries, many research papers are devoted to the technology–economy nexus. Motivated by the fact that the impact of technical progress on the demand for different production factors may vary depending on the bias of the technological change, in this paper, by estimating a translog cost-share system and using state-space modeling technique, we investigate to what extent the direction of technical change is biased toward energy and away from other factors. By applying this methodology to the French economy for the period 1978–2006 the obtained results suggest that: first, technical change has a non-neutral impact on factor demands; second, capital-saving technical progress is present in the majority of the sectors studied; third, energy demand has increased in all sectors but electricity and gas. These findings may have important policy implications for environmental and energy issues in France.     

机插秧田杂草防除试验研究

2013年进行了机插秧田杂草防除试验研究。结果表明:55%吡嘧·丙草胺WP 1125.0 g/hm2封闭效果最理想,药后20,45 d,封闭综合防效分别为93.75%、92.63%,与55%吡嘧·丙草胺WP 750.0~937.5 g/hm2的防效54.38%~75.00%、51.48%~72.88%及对照药剂50%苄·丁·异丙隆WP 1200.0 g/hm2、53%苄嘧·苯噻酰WP 1200.0 g/hm2的防效76.87%~87.50%、72.07%~85.31%差异极显著。在试验剂量条件下,药剂对水稻安全。     

弹簧钢55SiCrA过冷奥氏体动态连续冷却转变

采用热膨胀法结合金相-显微硬度法,在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上测定了弹簧钢55SiCrA的相变临界点Ac1、Ac3、Ar1、Ar3和Ms;同时测定了奥氏体在不同冷却速度下连续转变时的膨胀曲线,并绘制了动态连续冷却转变曲线（CCT图）;通过FE-SEM研究了不同的冷却速度对显微组织形貌和珠光体片层间距的影响。结果表明：随着冷速的增加,珠光体片层间距减小,显微硬度值增大;弹簧钢55SiCrA线材控制冷却理想的冷速范围为0.5～1℃/s。     

Effect of structure on the storage characteristics of manganese oxide electrode materials

Eleven types of manganese-containing electrode materials were subjected to long-term storage at 55 °C in 1 M LiPF₆ ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate (EC/DMC) solutions. The amount of manganese dissolution observed depended upon the sample surface area, the average Mn oxidation state, the structure, and substitution levels of the manganese oxide. In some cases, structural changes such as solvate formation were exacerbated by the high temperature storage, and contributed to capacity fading upon cycling even in the absence of significant Mn dissolution. The most stable materials appear to be Ti-substituted tunnel structures and mixed metal layered oxides with Mn in the +4 oxidation state.     

Inducing transformational energy technological change

Reducing risks of severe climate change in the latter part of the 20th Century is likely to require not only incremental improvements in known energy technologies, but the discovery of transformational new energy technologies. This paper reviews current knowledge about both demand and supply aspects of the challenge of accelerating transformational change, considering both economic and policy incentives, including targeted government funding of research and development, and several other schools of thought about drivers of scientific discovery and innovation.     

A hierarchical Path Computation Element (PCE)-based k-random-paths routing algorithm in multi-domain WDM networks

We propose an inter-domain routing algorithm for multi-domain wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) mesh networks. On the basis of the hierarchical Path Computation Element (PCE) architecture, the proposed algorithm introduces a k random path strategy in the parent PCE to adjust the algorithm optimization level. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms previous schemes in terms of blocking probability and resource utilization, while preventing the increase in PCEP signaling overhead.     

放化分离-液闪测量联合分析核电厂废树脂中的^(55)Fe和^(63)Ni北大核心CSCD

建立了一种核电厂放射性废离子交换树脂中^(55)Fe和^(63)Ni的联合分析方法。将废树脂样品经芬顿氧化消解后,先用氢氧化钠沉淀法沉淀^(55)Fe和^(63)Ni,再用阴离子交换树脂联合丁二酮肟沉淀对杂质离子进行分离纯化,纯化后用液体闪烁计器测量。本方法对废树脂中^(60)Co、^(65)Zn、^(54)Mn等干扰核素的去污因子均大于10^(3)。本方法对^(55)Fe和^(63)Ni的平均化学回收率分别为86%和90%,对废树脂中^(55)Fe和^(63)Ni的检测限分别为5.7 Bq/g、6.8 Bq/g。用加标样品对分析方法进行验证,预期值和测量值的偏差小于±10%。实验测得某核电厂一组一回路实际废树脂样品中^(55)Fe和^(63)Ni的平均活度浓度分别为(76.2±1.4)kBq/g和(120.0±5.1)kBq/g。     

HPLC method for the determination of synthetic thermal heating fluid (therminol 55<Superscript>TM</Superscript>) in basic oleochemicals

A combination of alumina column chromatography and HPLC procedures was developed for the determination of synthetic hydrocarbon-based thermal heating fluid (trade-marked as Therminol 55^TM) in basic oleochemicals. In each run, 3 g of sample solution was loaded onto the alumina (50 g) column and was eluted with 200 mL of hexane. The eluate was then concentrated to 1 mL with the aid of a nitrogen stream prior to HPLC analysis. The HPLC chromatogram of Therminol 55 was characterized by a humped shape that could not be resolved into individual peaks. The lowest limit of quantification obtained from various spiked samples was 30 μg/g. The recovery results obtained from the method were good, ranging from 70 to 80%, whereas the overall CV were all below 10%. The method is simple and thus is ideal for quality assurance purposes.     

尿素14C胶囊中55Fe分析方法研究

为确保药品质量的可控性与安全性,需对尿素¹⁴C胶囊中的杂质核素⁵⁵Fe进行分析。本工作建立了尿素¹⁴C胶囊中⁵⁵Fe分析测量方法,样品经过AGMP-1阴离子交换树脂2次分离纯化后,用液体闪烁计数器（LSC）测量⁵⁵Fe的活度,同时计算了尿素¹⁴C胶囊样品中放射性杂质核素⁵⁵Fe的检测限,并对方法的专属性、耐用性和检测限进行了验证。结果表明,放射性杂质核素⁵⁵Fe的活度限值为小于等于¹⁴C活度的0.1%、干扰核素¹⁴C的去污因子大于10⁵、铁的化学回收率在57%～67%之间、测量1 h的检测限为0.4 Bq。