“蒸发成核法”研究KDP晶核大小及形状

提出一种有望用于研究临界或近临界晶核大小及形状的新方法,借助于原子力显微镜(AFM),对磷酸二氢钾(KDP)晶核的大小以及形状进行了研究。结果表明,应用"蒸发成核法"可得到纳米尺寸的晶核,随溶液浓度的增大,晶核直径从25.8nm增大至59.1nm。其中最小尺寸的晶核,与低过饱和度下的理论预测值较接近。一般情况下,晶核呈球缺型,与经典理论假设形状相符。但蒸发温度低时,晶核可呈矩形(柱状),与KDP晶体的宏观形状更为接近。在蒸发速度较快时,晶核难以形成,只会出现溶质的堆积体。     

用原子力显微镜研究铜合金微生物的腐蚀行为

用原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了HSn70-1A、HSn70-1B和HSn70-1AB等3种铜合金在硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)菌液中的微生物腐蚀行为.结果表明,3种铜合金表面形成的生物膜形貌各不相同.HSn70-1AB合金表面生物膜的粗糙度大于其余两种合金,表明其生物膜最不均匀.去除生物膜后,3种样品的腐蚀形貌也小相同,粗糙度均有所增加,这是微生物腐蚀作用的结果.研究证实,AFM的定量分析能力是研究材料微生物腐蚀的重要手段.     

基于AFM的微结构加工实验研究

本文建立了微动工作台和原子力显微镜相结合的微加工系统，在该系统上采用金刚石针尖进行微加工实验，与SPI系统本身的刻划软件刻划出的图形进行了比较分析，得出这个系统适合微结构的加工；并给出了采用该方法加工的1111面及多边形面微结构；还分析了金刚石针尖几何角度及SPM和工作台的相关参数对加工的影响。     

AFM 在纳米结构加工中的应用研究

文中阐述了基于自行研制的原子力显微镜(AFM)的纳米刻蚀加工方法，研究了针尖上的载荷大小和扫描次数对加工深度的影响，利用AFM的微探针在氧化铝(Al2O3)材料表面加工出纳米结构，验证了该加工方法的可行性。实验结果表明基于AFM的纳米刻蚀技术可作为加工纳米器件的重要手段。     

MOCVD侧向外延生长GaN的研究

在低压金属有机化学气相沉积(LP-MOCVD)系统中利用侧向外延生长(epitaxial lateral overgrowth,ELO)技术进行了二次外延GaN的研究.SEM观察结果表明,翼区和窗口区宽度比值不同的图形衬底,侧向和纵向的生长速率不同;其AFM表面形貌图像表明,长平的ELO-GaN表面平整,位错密度较低.ELO-GaN的光致发光(PL)谱的带边峰比传统方法生长的GaN的带边峰红移了14.0 meV,表明ELO-GaN的应力得到部分释放,晶体质量提高.ELO-GaN和普通外延GaN的拉曼散射谱比较表明,ELO-GaN中的应力较小,晶体质量较高,A1(TO)模的出现说明其晶轴取向相对于(0001)方向发生微小的偏移.     

Al/SiO_2/Si表面Al_2O_3纳米图形的AFM阳极氧化制备方法

采用AFM阳极氧化方法,在控制AFM探针尖端电压和扫描方式的条件下,在Al/SiO2/Si表面制备了Al2O3纳米图形,图形最小尺寸为70nm.研究了表面吸附水层存在下AFM阳极氧化机理.实验结果表明AFM阳极氧化是制备金属氧化物半导体纳米器件的较好方法     

A comparative study of tribological properties between perfluoro and non-perfluoro alkylsilane self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)

The tribological properties of perfluoro and non-perfluoro alkylsilane molecular films were investigated and compared detailedly. Their surface properties were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle (CA) measurement. A ball-on-disk tribometer was used to study the frictional properties of these alkylsilane monolayers. The experimental results reveal that the alkylsilane molecular films are good candidates to decrease friction and they have good capability to endure rigorous shear forces. Perfluoro alkylsilane molecular films are bonded better with the Si substrate than the simple hydrocarbon ones. The effects of sliding velocity and normal load on friction coefficient are evident and the friction coefficient increases with the increase of the sliding velocity. However, friction coefficient decreases with the increase of normal load initially and then increases, indicating there exists a critical normal load for the load effect. Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50730007 and 50805086), the Foundation of Tsighua Basic Research, and the National Key Basic Research Program of China(No. 2007CB607604)     

Effect of organic modifiers on dynamic and static nanomechanical properties and crystallinity of intercalated clay–polycaprolactam nanocomposites

Polymer clay nanocomposites (PCN) of Polyamide6 and sodium montmorillonite are prepared using different organic modifiers (12‐aminolauric acid, n‐dodecylamine, and 1,12‐diaminododecane) to study effect of organic modifiers on structure and nanomechanical properties of PCN. Using X‐ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, crystalline nature of PCNs are evaluated. Nanoscale viscoelastic properties of PCNs are evaluated using nanodynamic mechanical analyzer (NanoDMA). Nanoscale elastic modulus and hardness of PCNs are evaluated using nanoindenter. PCNs show enhancement in elastic modulus, storage modulus, loss modulus, and loss factor by maximum amount of 62.88%, 56.38%, 145.74%, and 71.43%, respectively, and decrease in percentage crystallinity by 16.52% compared to pure polymer. This result indicates that organic modifiers have effect on crystallinity and nanomechanical properties of PCN. To evaluate effect of clay loading on nanomechanical properties of PCN, PCN containing 12‐aminolauric acid is synthesized with different weight percent (3, 6, and 9% of weight of polymer) of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT), which shows that nanomechanical properties of PCN improves with increase in clay loading. Our study reveals that change in crystallinity of polymer in PCN may have role in the enhancement of nanomechanical properties of PCNs in comparison to pristine polymer. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Effect of crystallization on morphology-conductivity relationship in polypyrrole/poly(?-caprolactone) blends

Electrically conducting blends, based on polypyrrole (PPy) as the conductive polymer and poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL) as an insulating polymeric matrix, were prepared by polymerizing pyrrole (Py) in its vapor state inside the PCL matrix. The roles of specific interactions between blend components as well as the crystallization of PCL matrix in the resulting morphology have been analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermo-optical analysis (TOA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results indicate that PPy is located within both the intra and interspherulitic regions of the PCL matrix achieving a well-developed connected network. Compared with amorphous matrices, considerable conductivity (around 1 S/cm) was raised with the crystalline PCL matrix with only a relatively low level of the conductive polymer (∼5%) in the blend.     

Atomic scale imaging of monocrystalline Si （001） surface by molecular dynamic simulation

Non-contact atomic force microscopy(nc-AFM) atomic-scale imaging process of monocrystalline silicon surface using capped single-wall carbon nanotube tip is simulated by molecular dynamic method. The simulation results show that the nc-AFM imaging force mainly comes from the C-Si and C-C chemical covalent bonding forces, especially the former, the nonbonding Van der Waals force change is small during the range of stable imaging height. When the tip-surface distance is smaller than the stable imaging height, several neighboring carbon atoms at the tip apex are attracted, and some of them jump onto the sample surface. Finally the tip apex configuration is destroyed with the tip indenting further.