Addition of Olfs from Different Pollution Sources,determined by a Trained Panel

The purpose of this study was to predict how indoor air is perceived when polluted by different materials simultaneously. A panel of five trained judges was exposed to air polluted by each of 11 different single pollution sources. The panel was also exposed to 13 pair combinations of these single pollution sources and to one combination of five sources. The pollution sources comprised typical indoor building materials, materials from ventilation systems and other frequently occurring indoor pollution sources. The results indicate that the total sensory pollution load in a space may, as a first approximation, be predkted by simple addition of the olf values of the single sources.     

碱性电池钢壳滚镀镍工艺

本文介绍以瓦特型镀镍液为基础,通过添加适当的添加剂提高镀镍溶液的深镀能力,采用滚镀的方法进行碱性电池钢壳的电镀,文中分析镀液性能,工艺参数的影响,提出了高深镀能力的滚镀镍工艺。     

添加水蒸气对CH4-CO2重整催化剂Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3中Ni组分结构影响的EXAFS研究

采用水热合成法制备了Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂。进行了添加和不添加水蒸气的CH4－CO2催化重整反应，测量了积碳量，并用EXAFS手段测试了催化剂Ni的K吸收边。结果表明，反应前后最近邻Ni-Ni配位距离无明显变化，而配位数却变化明显。无水蒸气反应后Ni-Ni配位数有较大幅度的减少；而添加了水蒸气，Ni-Ni配位数比反应前减少幅度小。水蒸气的添加能减少积碳量，稳定催化剂中Ni的结构，从而提高催化反应的稳定性。     

Scattering of flexural wave in a thin plate with multiple circular inclusions by using the multipole method

The multipole method is presented to analytically solve the scattering of flexural wave by multiple circular inclusions in an infinite thin plate. The near-field dynamic moment concentration factor (DMCF) and the far-field scattering pattern are both investigated in this paper. The former has a connection with the fatigue failures and the defects in plate-like structures can be detected by the latter. Owing to the addition theorem, the multipole expansion for the multiple scattering fields can be transformed into one coordinate system centered at one circle where continuity conditions are required. In this way, a coupled infinite linear algebraic system is derived as an analytical model for an infinite thin plate with multiple circular inclusions subject to an incident flexural wave. The convergence analysis is conducted to provide the guideline of usage for the proposed method. The effects of the size and thickness of the flexible inclusion, and the central distance between inclusions on the near-field DMCF and the far-field scattering pattern are investigated in the numerical experiments. It shows that the scattering pattern correlates closely with the size and thickness of weakness, indicating the importance of the scattering pattern to detect the various defects. In addition, the DMCF of two corrosion defects is larger than that of one. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate structural safety when multiple circular defects are very close to each other. The effect of the space between the inclusions on the near-field DMCF is different from that on the far-field scattering pattern.     

Partitioning of dissolved organic matter-bound mercury between a hydrophobic surface and polysulfide-rubber polymer

This study investigated the role of dissolved organic matter on mercury partitioning between a hydrophobic surface (polyethylene, PE) and a reduced sulfur-rich surface (polysulfide rubber, PSR). Comparative sorption studies employed polyethylene and polyethylene coated with PSR for reactions with DOM-bound mercuric ions. These studies revealed that PSR enhanced the Hg-DOM removal from water when DOM was Suwannee River natural organic matter (NOM), fulvic acid (FA), or humic acid (HA), while the same amount of 1,3-propanedithiol-bound mercuric ion was removed by both PE and PSR-PE. The differences for Hg-DOM removal efficiencies between PE and PSR-PE varied depending on which DOM was bound to mercuric ion as suggested by the PE/water and PSR-PE/water partition coefficients for mercury. The surface concentrations of mercury on PE and PSR-PE with the same DOM measured by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were similar, which indicated the comparable amounts of immobilized mercury on PE and PSR-PE being exposed to the aqueous phase. With these observations, two major pathways for the immobilization reactions between PSR-PE and Hg-DOM were examined: 1) adsorption of Hg-DOM on PE by hydrophobic interactions between DOM and PE, and 2) addition reaction of Hg-DOM onto PSR by a complexation reaction between Hg and PSR. The percent contribution of each pathway was derived from a mass balance and the ratios among aqueous mercury, PE-bound Hg-DOM, and PSR-bound Hg-DOM concentrations. The results indicate strong binding of mercuric ion with both dissolved organic matter and PSR polymer. The FT-IR examination of Hg-preloaded-PSR-PEs after the reaction with DOM corroborated a strong interaction between mercuric ion and 1,3-propanedithiol compared to Hg-HA, Hg-FA, or Hg-NOM interactions.     

草铵膦合成步骤中Michael加成产物的色谱-质谱解析

草铵膦合成中Michael加成是重要合成步骤之一。加成反应通过GC—MS测定，可以顺利分析反应各产物，从而探明该反应机理。采用乙酸催化，形成的化合物是醛和醇、水的加成产物。而采用乙酸酐催化，消除醇和水，产物比较单一就是1，4加成形成的醛。     

Factors affecting the occurrence of viable but non-culturable state in Salmonella,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus during thermosonication and prevent it with sodium pyruvate

Concerning potential food safety and/or public health risks raised by viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state bacteria, factors affecting its occurrence during thermosonication were summarised. The relative ratios of Salmonella and Escherichia coli in the VBNC state were higher than that of Staphylococcus aureus, suggesting that the tested gram-negative bacteria would be more likely to survive in this state than S. aureus (gram-positive). The culturability of bacteria was easier to be retained in neutral pH environment, resulting in a reduced likelihood of entering into a VBNC state. Non-occurrence of a VBNC state by moderate heat of 32–57 °C was observed, facilitated in combination with sonication and being correlated with thermosonication conditions. Adding sodium pyruvate before thermosonication treatments could prevent the occurrence of a VBNC state, though the molecular mechanism of it is not clearly known and needs further elucidation.     

This is Not Entertainment: Experiencing the Dream House

Testing the spatiotemporal limits of experience and art installation, Dream House dwells upon a physical interaction between bodily movement and synthesised frequencies to prompt a variable sound spectrum and a specific interior atmosphere. Ted Krueger highlights the primacy of first-person experience within a spatial continuum, and in particular an experience of a nonvisual and interactive nature. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

丝绸服装定制中的加减法

通过对分析服装定制及加、减设计等概念,探讨了丝绸服装高级定制中,加、减艺术在款式设计、结构板型,以及生产加工中的具体应用。     

Hydrogen storage properties of a Mg–Ni–Fe mixture prepared via planetary ball milling in a H2 atmosphere

A sample composition has been designed based on previously reported data. An 80 wt%Mg–13.33 wt%Ni–6.67 wt%Fe (referred to as Mg–13.33Ni–6.67Fe) sample exhibited higher hydriding and dehydriding rates after activation and a larger hydrogen storage capacity compared to those of other mixtures prepared under similar conditions. After activation (at n = 3), the sample absorbed 4.60 wt%H for 5 min and 5.61 wt%H for 60 min at 593 K under 12 bar H₂. The sample desorbed 1.57 wt%H for 5 min and 3.92 wt%H for 30 min at 593 K under 1.0 bar H₂. Rietveld analysis of the XRD pattern using FullProf program showed that the as-milled Mg–13.33Ni–6.67Fe sample contained Mg(OH)₂ and MgH₂ in addition to Mg, Ni, and Fe. The Mg(OH)₂ phase is believed to be formed through the reaction of Mg or MgH₂ with water vapor in the air. The dehydrided Mg–13.33Ni–6.67Fe sample after hydriding-dehydriding cycling contained Mg, Mg₂Ni, MgO, and Fe.