Synthesis of perylene dianhydride-incorporated main chain polyimides and sequential structural transformation through a dipolar cycloaddition

Perylene dianhydride (PDA)-incorporated polyimides were prepared. The perylene unit in the polyimide was thermally converted to the corresponding N-heterocyclic polyarene unit through a Diels–Alder reaction. The monomer, 2,2-bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane (6FAP), was modified via O-alkylation to improve the solubility of the polymer. 2-Ethylhexyl-attached 6FAP yielded a soluble copolyimide that contained ca. 70 mol% PDA using pyromellitic dianhydride. The perylene unit of the copolyimide transformed to a polyarene unit through the dipolar cycloaddition of 4-aryl-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-dione (TAD) and maleic anhydride. The perylene transformation of the polyimide occurred with 50% conversion with maleic anhydride and quantitatively with TAD. The PDA-copolymer exhibited a spectral blue-shift and red-shift by maleic anhydride and TAD, respectively.     

Effect of metal loading on catalytic activity and selectivity of ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst in conversion of methanol to olefins and aromatics

Effect of ZSM-5 zeolite promotion using potassium, strontium, and cerium metals on conversion of methanol to light olefins and aromatics was investigated. ZSM-5 catalyst was promoted using wet impregnation of metal salts and its activity was tested in methanol to hydrocarbons process under optimum operational condition obtained in our group previously. Zeolite samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N₂ adsorption-desorption, acid sites distribution, and strength using temperature programmed desorption of NH₃. Results showed that presence of these metals could significantly affect acid site distribution and therefore influence the catalyst activity and selectivity to olefins and aromatics.     

Novel chalcone-based aromatic polyamides: synthesis,characterization, and properties

Two novel diacid-based monomers have been synthesized by anchoring a benzylideneacetophenone (chalcone) moiety through an amide or ester bridge at the fifth position of the isophthalic acid ring. Two series of new polyamides bearing chalcone side chains were prepared by direct polycondensation reaction of the aforementioned dicarboxylic acids and various aromatic diamines in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents. Their molecular structure and the basic properties were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform IR and UV–vis spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. The inherent viscosity, molecular weights measurements (by gel permeation chromatography), water uptake, and solubility tests completed the research study. Introduction of the rigid and bulky chalcone units into the polymer side chains improved remarkably the solubility of the aromatic polyamides, endowed them with an amorphous nature, good thermal stability, and photosensitivity. The resulting polymers were obtained in good yields, inherent viscosities varied between 0.49 and 0.86 dL/g, and their relative high molecular weights conferred them film-forming properties. They were soluble in amide-type polar solvents, such as N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. These polyamides had glass transition temperatures between 219 and 264 °C, and 10% weight loss temperatures in the range of 394–436 °C and around 50% residue at 700 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. The polyamides underwent a [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reaction upon UV light irradiation both in solution and film state in the absence of a photoinitiator or photosensitizer. The polymer films became insoluble in solvents as a result of the crosslinking .     

混合溶剂芳脂比与特定温度下密度的关系

为提高生产效率、降低生产成本、快速判断混合溶剂芳脂比,研究了混合溶剂芳脂比与特定温度下密度的关系。实验结果表明,混合溶剂的芳脂比与其特定温度下的密度之间存在明显线性关系,且该线性关系对生产具有指导意义。     

Tribochemical behaviour and lubrication characteristics of aromatic compounds

Radical scavenger, radical anion scavenger, and peroxide decomposer were added to aromatic hydrocarbons and phosphates in aromatic rings with and without side chain, and the effect of these inhibitors on tribopolymerisation and the lubrication characteristics of the aromatic compounds were investigated, in various atmospheres, in order to clarify the reaction mechanism. The aromatics of both hydrocarbons and phosphates with a methyl group in aromatic rings react readily at the rubbing surfaces to form polymer or polymer-like products, improving the lubricating characteristics. The tribochemical reactions of alkylaromatic compounds is shown to differ from those of trialkyl or triarylphosphates. It was concluded that the reaction proceeds through the radical or radicalanion and via peroxide to cause polymerisation.     

蒽降解遗传重组菌的构建及其对蒽污染水体修复的研究

为了提高外源蒽降解菌An降解蒽的能力和存活能力,采用原生质体电融合技术,在蒽降解菌An和土生菌Tu之间实行原生质体电融合,并从再生的融合子中筛选到具有特定性状的后代菌株。经研究原生质体制备和再生的最优条件、融合子降解蒽的性能以及存活能力的特性,结果表明,融合子既具有较好降解蒽的能力,100 h内融合子F和亲本An对蒽的降解转化率分别为73%、68%;融合子又具有土生菌Tu存活能力高的特性,到降解后期,An菌的数量大大下降,而融合子保持较稳定的数量。     

同位素稀释-气相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定肉制品中16种欧盟优控多环芳烃

目的 基于分子印迹特异性净化及同位素稀释-气相色谱-串联质谱法建立同时检测肉制品中16种欧盟优控多环芳烃的分析方法。方法 样品中加入氘代同位素内标,经正己烷-二氯甲烷(7:3, V:V)混合溶液提取,特异性分子印迹柱净化,采用DB-EUPAH色谱柱分离,在多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式下采集,内标法定量。结果 为降低基质效应,采用基质匹配标准曲线的定量方法。在0.2～200.0 ng/mL范围内,16种欧盟优控多环芳烃均有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数(r²)均大于0.9990,在1.0、5.0、10.0μg/kg3个浓度水平下进行加标回收实验, 16种欧盟优控多环芳烃的回收率在85.9%～118.3%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.4%～6.6%之间,方法的检出限为0.03～0.10μg/kg,定量限为0.10～0.30μg/kg。结论 该方法前处理简便高效、灵敏度高、准确度高、抗干扰能力强,可同时实现肉制品中16种欧盟优控多环芳烃的测定。     

檀香化合物的合成研究进展

综述了天然檀香主要香气成分的研究进展以及檀香类化合物的合成状况,并对合成的三种檀香型香料的研究现状进行了分析介绍,重点介绍了以莰烯为原料合成檀香803的各种路线,并提出了自己的观点。最后对檀香803的合成前景进行了展望。     

催化油浆综合利用的技术措施

综述了催化油浆利用技术方面的研究进展,包括炼油装置掺炼,生产道路沥青、针状焦、炭黑,作为橡胶软化剂和填充油等,对催化油浆的综合利用前景进行了展望。     

Insights into pyrolysis and catalytic co-pyrolysis upgrading of biomass and waste rubber seed oil to promote the formation of aromatics hydrocarbon

To solve the problem of low aromatic hydrocarbon yield and selectivity in biomass catalytic pyrolysis, we used added oxygen-containing hydrogen supplier of rubber seed oil (RSO) with a higher hydrogen-to-carbon ratio to investigate the thermal decomposition behaviors, kinetic and production distribution of biomass, cellulose and RSO with the weight ratio of 1:2 using thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) for kinetic analysis and fixed bed reactor with the feed composition of 1.2 g: 0.4 mL/min (Biomass to RSO) for product distribution in non-catalytic and catalytic co-pyrolysis over a HZSM-5 catalyst. The results show that there was a positive synergistic interaction between biomass and RSO according to the difference in weight loss, which could decrease the formation of solid coke at the end of experiment. The addition of the HZSM-5 catalyst can markedly increase the reaction activity, accelerate the reaction rate, and the reaction Ea, leading to a substantial increase in the conversion rate; furthermore, the residual carbon content will decrease, and the activations of Cellulose + RSO + Catalyst and Biomass + RSO + Catalyst are only 50.80 kJ/mol and 62.36 kJ/mol, respectively. The kinetic analysis showed that adding a catalyst did not change the decomposition mechanism. Co-pyrolysis of biomass and RSO could effectively improve the yield and selectivity of aromatics, when the pyrolysis temperature and catalytic temperature were 550 °C and 500 °C, respectively, the mass space velocity of RSO was 0.4 mL/min, the reaction time was 30min, the yields of benzene, toluene, xylene and ethyl benzene (BTXE) were up to 78.77%, and the selectivity of benzene, toluene and xylene was much better. Finally, the coke yield was substantially lower.