Neurocognitive signs in prodromal Huntington disease.

Objective: PREDICT-HD is a large-scale international study of people with the Huntington disease (HD) CAG-repeat expansion who are not yet diagnosed with HD. The objective of this study was to determine the stage in the HD prodrome at which cognitive differences from CAG-normal controls can be reliably detected. Method: For each of 738 HD CAG-expanded participants, we computed estimated years to clinical diagnosis and probability of diagnosis in 5 years based on age and CAG-repeat expansion number (Langbehn, Brinkman, Falush, Paulsen, & Hayden, 2004). We then stratified the sample into groups: NEAR, estimated to be ≤9 years; MID, between 9 and 15 years; and FAR, ≥15 years. The control sample included 168 CAG-normal participants. Nineteen cognitive tasks were used to assess attention, working memory, psychomotor functions, episodic memory, language, recognition of facial emotion, sensory–perceptual functions, and executive functions. Results: Compared with the controls, the NEAR group showed significantly poorer performance on nearly all of the cognitive tests and the MID group on about half of the cognitive tests (p = .05, Cohen's d NEAR as large as ?1.17, MID as large as ?0.61). One test even revealed significantly poorer performance in the FAR group (Cohen's d = ?0.26). Individual tasks accounted for 0.2% to 9.7% of the variance in estimated proximity to diagnosis. Overall, the cognitive battery accounted for 34% of the variance; in comparison, the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale motor score accounted for 11.7%. Conclusions: Neurocognitive tests are robust clinical indicators of the disease process prior to reaching criteria for motor diagnosis of HD. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Gaucher病及Niemann-Pick病的电镜诊断

本文报道１例Ｇａｕｃｈｅｒ病及１例Ｎｉｅｍａｎｎ－Ｐｉｃｋ病的组织学和超微结构形态改变。光镜下Ｇａｕｃｈｅｒ细胞及Ｎｉｅｍａｎｎ－Ｐｉｃｋ细胞都为泡沫样细胞,形态类似。但透射电镜下两种细胞形态完全不同,Ｇａｕｃｈｅｒ细胞内出现较多大囊泡,而Ｎｉｅｍａｎｎ－Ｐｉｃｋ细胞内则出现大量特征性的板层小体。因此,电镜对这两种疾病的鉴别诊断具有重要作用。     

Advanced Theragenerative Biomaterials with Therapeutic and Regeneration Multifunctionality

All tissues and organs can be affected by diseases, and treatments for these diseases can cause damage to surrounding healthy tissues and organs. Therefore, treatment is required that involves disease therapy alongside tissue/organ regeneration. The design, construction, and biomedical applications of biomaterial platforms with both disease‐therapeutic and tissue‐regeneration multifunctionalities are in demand, which are herein referred to as theragenerative (abbreviation of therapy and regeneration) biomaterials. Due to the rapid development of theragenerative biomaterials in versatile biomedical applications, this progress report aims to summarize, discuss, and highlight the rational construction of distinctive theragenerative biomaterials with intrinsic therapeutic performance and tissue‐regeneration bioactivity. Based on the intrinsic response to either external physical triggers (e.g., photonic response or magnetic‐field response) or endogenous disease microenvironments (e.g., mild acidity or overexpressed hydrogen peroxide) and tissue‐regeneration bioactivity, these theragenerative biomaterials are extensively explored in various biomedical fields, including bone‐tumor therapy/regeneration, bone antibacterial therapy/regeneration, skin‐tumor therapy/regeneration, skin antibacterial therapy/regeneration, breast‐tumor therapy/adipose‐tissue regeneration, and osteoarticular‐tuberculosis therapy/bone‐tissue regeneration. The challenges faced and future developments of these distinctive theragenerative biomaterials are discussed, as are methods for further promoting their clinical translation.     

决策树算法在老年性痴呆病因病机分析中的应用

通过决策树算法建立了老年性痴呆病型病因判断模型。文中详细研究了决策树算法C5.0及其修正方法,之后通过对太原市1500例数据的分析借助决策树C5.0算法构建了老年性痴呆的判断模型,并对其进行了修正,得到具有实际指导意义的判别模型。     

基于虚拟仪器的激光光斑自动采集与分析系统

为了得到激光光束的某些参量,为设计和改进激光器提供依据,建立了一套激光光斑自动采集与分析系统,搭建了实验平台,并编写了一套基于虚拟仪器开发平台LabVIEW及其图像处理软件包NI Vision的用于采集和分析激光光斑的软件。该软件能实时显示光斑中心位置的漂移轨迹、在x方向和y方向漂移的标准差及其随时间变化的趋势等,同时,还能对基模高斯光束进行分析。经过去噪处理的光斑图样能以3维灰度图的形式显示出来,得到任意剖面的光强信息,并以此进行高斯曲线拟合,得出拟合参量以判断光强曲线接近高斯曲线的程度。结果表明,这种系统可以动态地采集光斑信息并进行处理,具有实时性。     

红外热成像在乳腺疾病检测的应用研究

乳腺疾病已严重危害女性身心健康,其中乳腺癌更位居全球范围内女性癌症发病率和死亡率首位,因此乳腺癌的早期发现意义重大.传统结构影像学早期检测疾病具有一定局限性,而红外热成像作为功能成像技术可为乳腺癌的早期筛查提供有效线索.因此本文主要就红外热成像在乳腺疾病的早期检测及预后评估的应用价值进行综述.     

CO_2激光治疗肛肠疾病145例疗效分析

本组用CO_2激光治疗肛肠疾病145例,治愈率达100％。其中一次性治愈率为85.5％,取得良好效果。文中讨论了术式的选择、手术的优点和体会。     

静脉内弱激光照射血液治疗帕金森氏病

采用静脉内弱激光照射血液疗法（ILIB）治疗32例帕金森氏病患者，总有效率达87．6％。作者推测，ILIB可能通过改善脑微循环，纠正脑内多巴胺代谢紊乱从而防治帕金森氏病。     

患"颤抖病"中华绒螯蟹血细胞中类立克次体寄生的超微结构观察

本文对患“颤抖病”的中华绒螯蟹血细胞内类立克次体生物RLOs的寄生及繁殖特性进行了超微结构研究。正常中华绒螯蟹的血细胞可分为三类；无颗粒细胞、小颗粒细胞、小颗粒细胞和大颗粒细胞，而RLOs只特异性地侵染小颗粒细胞。RLOs以胞吞的方式进入小颗粒细胞，并在细胞内大量增殖形成包涵体，使细胞肿胀、瓦解、坏死，进而释放出RLOs，释放出的RLOs又继续侵染其他靶组织和细胞。