表面活性剂对纳米MCM-41分子筛分散性的影响

采用聚乙二醇为分散剂,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯为硅源,在室温碱性条件下合成了粒径为40～60 nm的单分散纳米球形MCM-41分子筛.利用XRD、TEM和N2吸附脱附等手段研究了聚乙二醇用量对纳米球形MCM-41的分散性和介孔结构的影响.结果表明,表面活性剂PEG的加入,可以明显改善纳米颗粒的分散性并且对颗粒形貌影响不大;表面活性剂PEG的加入,样品的六方结构有序性和孔尺寸发生变化.PEG量在1%～20%范围内,样品仍具有较高的六方孔道有序性;PEG量过大(60%)有序性明显下降.随着PEG加入量的增加,纳米MCM-41的晶面间距增大,孔尺寸增大.适量的聚乙二醇可以得到有序性好、比表面积大、孔径均一和孔隙率大的单分散纳米球形MCM-41分子筛.     

苯芴酮-溴代十六烷基三甲胺分光光度法测定析出铅中的锡

用硝酸-酒石酸分解试样,在含有酒石酸(0.16mol/L)的盐酸溶液中,锡(Ⅳ)与苯芴酮-溴代十六烷基三甲胺(CTMAB)生成有色络合物,采用分光光度法直接测定析出铅中的锡.此络合物在波长530nm处有最大的吸光度,摩尔吸光系数ε=6.74×104,锡(Ⅳ)含量为0.25～80μg/50mL,符合比尔定律.该法快速、准确、重现性好,适应于析出铅中含锡0.005%～1.60%的测定.     

Indium oxide thin film based ammonia gas and ethanol vapour sensor

A sensor for ammonia gas and ethanol vapour has been fabricated using indium oxide thin film as sensing layer and indium tin oxide thin film encapsulated in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a miniature heater. For the fabrication of miniature heater indium tin oxide thin film was grown on special high temperature corning glass substrate by flash evaporation method. Gold was deposited on the film using thermal evaporation technique under high vacuum. The film was then annealed at 700 K for an hour. The thermocouple attached on sensing surface measures the appropriate operating temperature. The thin film gas sensor for ammonia was operated at different concentrations in the temperature range 323–493 K. At 473 K the sensitivity of the sensor was found to be saturate. The detrimental effect of humidity on ammonia sensing is removed by intermittent periodic heating of the sensor at the two temperatures 323K and 448 K, respectively. The indium oxide ethanol vapour sensor operated at fixed concentration of 400 ppm in the temperature range 293–393 K. Above 373 K, the sensor conductance was found to be saturate. With various thicknesses from 150–300 nm of indium oxide sensor there was no variation in the sensitivity measurements of ethanol vapour. The block diagram of circuits for detecting the ammonia gas and ethanol vapour has been included in this paper.     

ZnCl2/Si-MCM-41催化剂的制备、表征及催化性能研究

通过浸渍法制备了新型的环境友好催化剂ZnCl2／Si-MCM-41。考察了它在苯与苄氯的苄基化反应上的活性，探索了制备ZnCl2／Si-MCM-41负载试剂的最佳制备条件。研究表明：ZnCl2／Si-MCM-41的最佳制备条件是负载量为4mmol/g，活化温度为150℃，活化时间为5h。通过XRD、TG、FT-IR对催化剂进行表征，发现ZnCl2在较低负载量时，ZnCl2充分分散在载体孔道内，对催化剂载体的结构没有明显的影响，而且此负载试剂上苯的苄基化反应的活性中心不是晶体ZnCl2，而是存在于载体表面的非晶态ZnCl2物种。     

Surface Plasmon Resonance Enhanced Scattering of Au Colloidal Nanoparticles

Abstract Suspended gold nanoparticles have been synthesized via electrochemical method.The strongest resonance scattering peak is at 485 nm, which results from the surface plasmonresonance. When the excited wavelength is at 242 nm (12.4×10~(14) Hz), there have been a 1/2fraction frequency scattering peak at 485 nm (1/2×12.4×10~(14) Hz) and a 1/3 fraction frequencyscattering peak at 726 nm (1/3×12.4×10~(14) Hz) displayed. Emission spectra with different particlediameters were compared, the intensity of scattering light increases with the particle size. Thefrequency-dependent scattering average cross section of small particle was calculated from Mietheory. The model calculation is in agreement with the experimental results.     

花岗斑岩类岩石中Au、Pd溶解性状的实验研究

研究花岗斑岩类岩石中Au、Pd的溶解性状 ,对于研究其溶解、迁移、沉淀条件有着重要的理论价值。研究结果表明 ,花岗斑岩中Au、Pd地球化学性状明显不同 ,Au活性显著 ,Pd惰性特征明显。在T =2 5 0℃、P =2 0× 10 5～ 30× 10 5Pa、pH =7.5 6的条件下 ,Au浸出率最低 ,易于沉淀成矿 ;在T =10 0℃、P =10 0× 10 5Pa、pH =8.2时 ,Au浸出率高 ,最易被活化溶解 ;当T =5 0 0℃ ,P =5 0 0× 10 5Pa ,pH =8.5时 ,Au浸出率中等 ,易被搬运、迁移。Pd易于沉淀成矿的条件是T =10 0℃ ,P =5 0 0× 10 5Pa ,pH =8.2 ;Pd易于活化溶解的条件是T =2 5 0℃ ,P =10× 10 5Pa ,pH =8.5 ;在T =30 0℃、P =(2 0～ 30 )× 10 5Pa、pH =6条件下发生搬运迁移。     

B2O3/MCM-41的制备和结构表征

以硼酸三丁酯为硼源，用溶液液相移植的方法制备了B2O3／MCM—41材料，用DTA、XRD、FTIR、XPS和氮气吸附—脱附曲线等手段表征了合成的材料。结果表明：硼物种发生析晶，以B2O3的形式存在，硼的配位状态为三配位的BO3结构单元。     

Step-Directed Deposition of Au Nanostructures By Electron Beam Evaporation

Au atoms were vaporized by electron beam evaporation, and their subsequent growths on Si (111 ) and highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrates were studied using atomic force microscopy. Results show that Au nanoparticles tend to nucleate and grow regularly along the step edges of HOPG, however, nanoparticles are distributed homogeneously over the whole Si substrate. The possibility of controlled growth of Au in ultrahigh vacuum with peculiar surface structures was preseuted.     

Preparation of polypropylene‐based nanocomposites using nanosized MCM‐41 as support and in situ polymerization

MCM‐41 nanoparticles were used for preparing nanocomposites through the in situ polymerization of propylene. The performance of the catalytic system and the final properties of the materials obtained are highly dependent on the methodology used for impregnation of the catalyst onto the support particles, and therefore an optimization study for the impregnation methodology of the catalyst (Me₂Si(Ind)₂ZrCl₂) was carried out. Two different methodologies were used; the results in terms of catalytic activity and polymer molecular masses indicated that the most promising one involved the pre‐activation of the catalyst with the cocatalyst, methylaluminoxane, followed by impregnation onto the MCM‐41 nanoparticles. Thus, an optimized route for the preparation of polypropylene nanocomposites achieving significant improvements in catalyst activity was developed. The nanocomposite materials were characterized by GPC, TGA and DSC. The dispersion state and the size of the nanoparticles incorporated in the polypropylene matrix were investigated by transmission electron microcopy. Additionally, this methodology allows simultaneous control of the desired amount of support and the concentration of catalyst to be used in the in situ polymerization. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

A theoretical study of the ability of 2D monolayer Au (111) to activate gas molecules

The adsorption and activation of gas molecules are investigated substantially in solid-gas heterogeneous catalysis. Here we investigated the interaction between gas molecules and unique two-dimensional monolayer Au (111) structure using density functional theory. It is found that CO₂, H₂O, N₂ and CH₄ molecules are weakly adsorbed on the surface with the adsorption energies between ?0.150 and ?0.250 eV due to van der Waals interaction. While CO, NO, NO₂, and NH₃ molecules are adsorbed more stably with the adsorption energies between ?0.300 and ?0.470 eV. Especially, the bond length of CO is stretched by 0.038 Å and the bond angle of NO₂ is obviously enlarged by 10.460°. The activation originates from the rearrangement of molecule orbitals and the orbitals hybridization between the partial orbitals of gas molecules and Au-5d orbitals. The fundamental analyses of adsorption mechanism and electronic properties may provide guidance for the applications of two-dimensional monolayer metal catalysis.PACSnumbers 73.22.-f, 73.61.-r