IR transmission prediction,processing, and characterization of dense La2Ce2O7

High-throughput computation, based on density functional theory (HT-DFT), is used to predict the bounds for optical transparency, from the ultraviolet to the infrared, for materials in the pyrochlore family. The HT-DFT approach adopted here uses an initial screening from Materials-Project database, with millions of calculated properties. Band gaps and phonon spectra were calculated from selected pyrochlore crystal structures taken from the Materials Project database. Short and long wavelength bounds for optical transparency were calculated for chemistries with stable, cubic structures. The calculations predict that La₂Ce₂O₇ has one of the broadest range of transparency for the pyrochlore family. Based on these calculations, dense polycrystalline samples of La₂Ce₂O₇ were produced by sintering and hot-isostatic pressing. Transparency was characterized by methods that did not require large samples with high optical quality, obtaining 7.15 and 7.5 µm at 95% and 90% normalized transmittance, respectively. Bandgap calculations suggest a lower bound of UV transparency cut-off of 0.3 µm. The infrared wavelength cut-off is higher than that reported for other pyrochlores, and higher than for yttria, zirconia, or other common infrared transparent ceramics. We discuss our prediction and characterization methods as well as the suitability of pyrochlores for mid- and far-infrared optical applications.     

Hot dip fine Zn and Zn-Al alloy double coating for corrosion resistance at coastal area

A new hot dip Zn-7Al alloy coating was performed on a structural steel by double coating of fine Zn and Zn-7 wt.% Al alloy, to prevent severe corrosion in coastal area. The alloy-coated steels were exposed to seaside, quasi-industrial, and rural districts to compare with conventional Zn coating. Double coating was significantly effective in preventing corrosion, particularly in a seaside. It was estimated from the exposure test for 10 years that the life of the Zn-7Al alloy-coated steel would be almost four times that of the Zn-coated steel in the seaside. A bending test showed that no exfoliation occurred at the interface between the coated alloy and substrate steel. TEM observation revealed that the excellent adhesiveness of the doubly coated fine Zn and Zn-7Al alloy to the steel substrate was due to formation of the interface region consisting of heterogeneous fine phase mixture of zinc, aluminium and iron.     

火焰淬火技术及模具火焰淬火

系统介绍了火焰加热表面淬火（中简称为火焰淬火）技术，讨论了火焰淬火模具钢的基本特性，阐述了7CrSiMnMoV的火焰淬火工艺方法，力学性能及应用。     

Cr27Ni7链节钢断裂失效的显微组织分析

借助光学显微镜、扫描电境、显微硬度计和X射线衍射仪等手段，对不同服役周期的链节进行了显微组织分析，确定了Cr27Ni7链节钢断裂失效的显微组织原因。结果显示，链节在900℃高温热循环条件下长期使用，其显微组织中的碳化物类型发生转变以及晶界弱化，显著地降低了Cr27Ni7链节钢的冲击韧性和拉伸塑性，即使没有冶金缺陷（缩松、夹杂物），也已使链节接近或达到其使用寿命。为延长使用寿命，可采用高温晶界强化和添加取代铬的使碳化物更加稳定的少量合金元素。     

Design of Bulk metallic glasses with high glass forming ability and enhancement of plasticity in metallic glass matrix composites: A review

To overcome some of the limits of existing metallic alloys, a new alloy design concept has been introduced recently in order to control the crystallinity, i.e. to utilize crystalline, quasicrystalline, and amorphous structures. In particular, bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) receive great attention because of their unique properties due to their different atomic configuration. Recently, significant progress in enhancing glass forming ability (GFA) has led to the fabrication of BMGs having potential for application as structural and functional materials. Moreover, successful design of BMG matrix composite microstructure suggests that the plasticity of BMGs can be controlled properly. In this review article, we introduce recent research results on the design of BMGs with high GFA and on the enhancement of plasticity in metallic glass matrix composites.     

Oxidation behavior of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel with prior tempering at different temperatures

The oxidation behavior of a normalized 2.25Cr-1Mo steel tempered previously for 10 hr at different temperatures between 873 and 1023 K has been studied up to a maximum duration of 1000 hr in air at 773–973 K. The oxidation resistance of the steel was found to decrease significantly with the temperature of tempering. Tempering of this steel is reported to cause microstructural changes involving precipitation of Cr as carbides and a decrease in the effective (free) Cr contents, that could influence the oxidation resistance of the Cr-containing alloys. Relative compositions across the thickness of the oxide scales, as analyzed by SEM/EDX and SIMS, suggest that a less Cr-rich (and less protective) and thicker scale on the steel formed because previous tempering caused extensive depletion of free Cr.     

镍基合金中γ′相界面的强化设计

采用第一原理分子轨道离散变分Xα法，研究在镍基合金中加Ir合金化的作用，以及在镍基合金中存在B，C，N，H，O，P或S时对γ相和γ′相界面结合强度的影响。证明Ir合金化后，使γ相和γ′相的晶格错配度向负值变化，提高键重叠集居数和总键序。在镍基合金中存在的S，P，H，O，N，B或C，对γ－Ni/γ′-Ni3Al相界面结合力有明显影响，其中C，B和N显著增强两相的界面，相反S和P则减弱相界的结合。     

铸造Al-7Si-2.5Cu-0.5Mg合金的固溶处理温度研究

通过相图计算、示差热(DSC)分析,结合显微组织观察方法对Al-7Si-2.5Cu-0.5Mg合金的固溶处理温度进行了研究。结果表明:非平衡凝固Al-7Si-2.5Cu-0.5Mg合金在505℃左右发生共晶组织转变,而平衡凝固合金在520℃附近发生共晶转变;500℃、3h的初始固溶处理可使铸态合金中的低熔点共晶物完全溶入铝基体,此时合金的熔点为540℃。     

AlSi7Mg合金熔体等温处理中组织形态的演变

研究了AlSi7Mg合金在液相线附近不同的温度下保温时，其凝固组织形态的演变规律。在600—650℃之间不同的温度下对AlSi7Mg合金保温30min处理，研究了合金中初生α相的形态随温度改变而演变的过程。试验结果表明：在605—650℃之间保温时，随着保温温度的降低，初生α相逐渐由发达的树枝晶向蔷薇状枝晶和粒状晶转变；在605℃保温30min，可得到尺寸较小、分布均匀的粒状初生α相，在605℃以下保温时，初生α相又开始向蔷薇状形态演变。另外，在605℃下对AlSi7Mg合金进行不同时间的保温处理，结果显示：随着保温时间由10min延长到60min，初生α相的形态经历了由不规则的枝晶到均匀的粒状等轴晶再到蔷薇状组织的转变过程。     

用X-射线衍法研究Sm2Zr2O7形成机制

采用XRD技术研究了固相反应制备Sm2Zr2O7的形成机制.结果表明:从1000℃开始,Sm3+逐渐取代Zr4+的位置,形成萤石结构ZrO2-Sm2O3固溶体,该过程直到1400 ℃才基本结束:在1200 ℃～1300 ℃之间,Sm2O3与ZrO2发生固溶的同时,固溶体开始转变为焦绿石结构的Sm2Zr2O7,到1500 ℃所有固溶体完全转变为Sm2Zr2O7:1500 ℃以后,Sm2Zr2O7晶体逐渐长大并最终形成理想的Sm2Zr2O7晶体.整个过程并无其它中间相生成.