Al2O3基陶瓷抗弹性能的研究

以添加ZrO2的Al2O3基陶瓷材料为研究对象,经过成分优化设计以及成型、烧结工艺优化设计,制备出性能高且稳定的材料;并采用模拟穿甲弹和破甲弹对装甲钢、几种陶瓷材料进行了对比试验,测定了防护系数;并分析了几种材料抗穿、破甲弹防护系数不同的原因。     

起始粉末粒径对Al2O3-TiC陶瓷力学性能的影响

热压烧结制备了Al2O3和Al2O3-TiC复合陶瓷。研究了起始粉末粒径对Al2O3-TiC复合陶瓷力学性能的影响。试验结果表明,添加TiC显著地提高了氧化铝陶瓷的力学性能,σf和K1c分别提高了70％和90％。其中大颗粒TiC对氧化铝陶瓷的增韧尤为有利,其裂纹偏转增长了扩张路径,提高了材料的断裂抗力。     

SnO2纳米材料制备技术的研究进展

综述了SnO2纳米材料制备技术的研究进展,报道了一种制备纳米纤维的新方法——热爆形变合成法,讨论了用该方法制备纳米纤维的基本条件。采用该方法制备出了SnO2纳米纤维,并进行了SEM和XRD分析。结果表明,SnO2纤维的直径约20-100nm,其X-射线衍射谱与标准的SnO2衍射谱完全一致。与其它方法相比,热爆形变合成法具有设备简单、操作方便、生产率高、产物无团聚等优点,稍加研磨就可获得长度不同的短纤维。但是,反应过程难以控制,这是热爆形变合成法的主要缺点。     

TiB2粉末化学镀银工艺研究

采用化学镀银法制备Ag/TiB2复合粉末,系统研究NaOH,HCHO,NH.3H2O的加入量及反应时间等参数对包覆粉末质量的影响及TiB2表面改性对AgTiB2材料性能的影响。结果表明:NaOH和HCHO含量的增加可促进Ag的还原反应;pH值的大小对Ag的还原有显著的影响,pH值大可加快反应过程,使Ag的还原更加彻底;NH3.H2O在化学镀银过程中起稳定作用,随着NH3.H2O的增加,使反应液更为稳定,Ag不易发生自分解,但也导致镀银溶液中主盐的Ag不容易被还原,不能获得Ag均匀包覆的TiB2复合粉末;反应时间的延长对于反应后粉末中Ag含量的增加影响并不十分明显。采用化学镀的粉末所制备的Ag/TiB2复合材料的致密度、硬度和电导率分别提高了4.59%,12.20%和7.91%。     

Synthesis and Characterization of 2D Molybdenum Carbide (MXene)

Large scale synthesis and delamination of 2D Mo₂CT _x (where T is a surface termination group) has been achieved by selectively etching gallium from the recently discovered nanolaminated, ternary transition metal carbide Mo₂Ga₂C. Different synthesis and delamination routes result in different flake morphologies. The resistivity of free‐standing Mo₂CT _x films increases by an order of magnitude as the temperature is reduced from 300 to 10 K, suggesting semiconductor‐like behavior of this MXene, in contrast to Ti₃C₂T _x which exhibits metallic behavior. At 10 K, the magnetoresistance is positive. Additionally, changes in electronic transport are observed upon annealing of the films. When 2 μm thick films are tested as electrodes in supercapacitors, capacitances as high as 700 F cm^?3 in a 1 m sulfuric acid electrolyte and high capacity retention for at least 10,000 cycles at 10 A g^?1 are obtained. Free‐standing Mo₂CT _x films, with ≈8 wt% carbon nanotubes, perform well when tested as an electrode material for Li‐ions, especially at high rates. At 20 and 131 C cycling rates, stable reversible capacities of 250 and 76 mAh g^?1, respectively, are achieved for over 1000 cycles.     

Non‐Lithographic Fabrication of All‐2D α‐MoTe2 Dual Gate Transistors

As one of the emerging new transition‐metal dichalcogenides materials, molybdenum ditelluride (α‐MoTe₂) is attracting much attention due to its optical and electrical properties. This study fabricates all‐2D MoTe₂‐based field effect transistors (FETs) on glass, using thin hexagonal boron nitride and thin graphene in consideration of good dielectric/channel interface and source/drain contacts, respectively. Distinguished from previous works, in this study, all 2D FETs with α‐MoTe₂ nanoflakes are dual‐gated for driving higher current. Moreover, for the present 2D dual gate FET fabrications on glass, all thermal annealing and lithography processes are intentionally exempted for fully non‐lithographic method using only van der Waal's forces. The dual‐gate MoTe₂ FET displays quite a high hole and electron mobility over ≈20 cm² V^?1 s^?1 along with ON/OFF ratio of ≈10⁵ in maximum as an ambipolar FET and also demonstrates high drain current of a few tens‐to‐hundred μA at a low operation voltage. It appears promising enough to drive organic light emitting diode pixels and NOR logic functions on glass.     

以Zn(BTZ)_2∶rubrene为发光层的一种新型白色有机电致发光液晶显示背光源

制备了以Zn(BTZ)2∶rubrene为发光层的5种白色有机电致发光器件,并将其应用于液晶显示背光源。5种器件色度最好时的CIE坐标值为(0.32,0.33),最大有效发光面积达到3 cm×3 cm,此时器件的平均亮度达到264 cd/m2,亮度均匀性达到80%。并且分析了随器件有效发光面积增大,发光均匀性、亮度以及最大量子效率减小而器件电流密度反而增大的原因。同时发现附加金属(Ag)辅助电极在一定程度上有助于提高器件的性能。最后将所制备的5种器件与液晶显示屏相匹配,它们均基本满足液晶显示对背光源的要求。     

Strong Electronic Interaction between Amorphous MnO2 Nanosheets and Ultrafine Pd Nanoparticles toward Enhanced Oxygen Reduction and Ethylene Glycol Oxidation Reactions

Strengthening the interface interaction between metal and support is an efficient strategy to improve the intrinsic activity and reduce the amount of noble metal. Amorphization of support is an effective approach for enhancing the metal-support interaction due to the numerous surface defects in amorphous structure. In this work, a Pd/a-MnO₂ electrocatalyst containing ultrafine and well-dispersive Pd nanoparticles and amorphous MnO₂ nanosheets is successfully synthesized via a simple and rapid wet chemical method. Differing from the crystal counterpart (Pd/c-MnO₂), the flexible structure of amorphous support can be more favorable to electron transfer and further enhance the metal-support interaction. The synergism between Pd and amorphous MnO₂ results in the downshift of the d-band center, which is beneficial for the desorption of critical intermediates both in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and in ethylene glycol oxidation (EGOR). Due to the lower *^.OH desorption energy of Pd/a-MnO₂ surface, the rapid dissociation of *OH from Pd facilitates the formation of H₂O in ORR, thus demonstrating superior ORR performance comparable to Pt/C. For EGOR, the presence of amorphous MnO₂ promotes the formation of adsorbed OH species, which accelerates the desorption of intermediate CO from Pd sites, and thus exhibits excellent EGOR activity and stability.     

Reduced Graphene Oxides Modified Bi2Te3 Nanosheets for Rapid Photo-Thermoelectric Catalytic Therapy of Bacteria-Infected Wounds

Temperature variation-induced thermoelectric catalytic efficiency of thermoelectric material is simultaneously restricted by its electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity. Herein, Bi₂Te₃ nanosheets are in situ grown on reduced graphene oxides (rGO) to generate an efficient photo-thermoelectric catalyst (rGO-Bi₂Te₃). This system exhibits phonon scattering effect and extra carrier transport channels induced by the formed heterointerface between rGO and Bi₂Te₃, which improves the power factor value and reduces thermal conductivity, thus enhancing the thermoelectric performance of 2.13 times than single Bi₂Te₃. The photo-thermoelectric catalysis of rGO-Bi₂Te₃ significantly improves the reactive oxygen species yields, resulting from the effective electron–hole separation caused by the unique thermoelectric field and heterointerfaces of rGO-Bi₂Te₃. Correspondingly, the electrospinning membranes containing rGO-Bi₂Te₃ nanosheets exhibit high antibacterial efficiency in vivo (99.35 ± 0.29%), accelerated tissue repair ability, and excellent biosafety. This study provides an insight into heterointerface design in photo-thermoelectric catalysis.