Supercritical fluid extraction of daphne (Laurus nobilis L.) seed oil

Laurus nobilis L., commonly known as daphne tree, is an evergreen that belongs to the Lauraceae family. Daphne trees produce grape-sized shiny purplish berries having three parts: flesh, skin, and an inner kernel (single seed). This study examines supercritical CO₂ (SC-CO₂) extraction of oil from daphne seeds. The oil yield of ground seeds varied from 14 to 28% depending on the method and particle size used for oil recovery. Yields were similar for both petroleum ether and SC-CO₂ extraction. The extraction yield decreased significantly with increasing particle size. The amount of extract collected increased exponentially with increasing SC-CO₂ pressure. The highest extraction yield was obtained at the highest temperature studied, 75°C. More than 45% of the oil was lauric acid. SC-CO₂ is a viable technique to obtain high-purity L. nobilis L. seed oil, which is a potential ingredient for the cosmetic industry.     

川中地区上三叠统天然气地球化学特征及成藏过程探讨

川中地区上三叠统是一套自生自储的天然气成藏系统，天然气中甲烷含量为88%～96％，重烃（C2＋）含量一般在6％～9％之间，二氧化碳和硫化氢等非烃气体含量普遍较低；天然气干燥系数（C1／C2＋）为5～15，并且随深度增加而呈现升高的趋势；天然气和凝析油轻烃中的甲基环己烷、庚烷和异庚烷值变化表明天然气主要来源于腐殖型母质；天然气甲烷和乙烷碳同位素分别为-39．00‰～-41．00‰和-25．00‰～-27．00‰，具有典型煤成气特征。川中地区上三叠统烃源岩在燕山期持续沉降埋藏过程中，达到高成熟早期阶段；在喜山期，该地区大约2500m地层的剥蚀，使地层温度和压力大幅度降低，故储层中早期低成熟残余天然气的卸压膨胀作用和水溶气的脱溶作用为晚期天然气聚集成藏提供了重要的气源，同时也使气藏中甲烷碳同位素变轻。     

The Application of Ozone for Water Treatment In The United Kingdom — Current Practive and Recent Research

Only two water works in the UK apply ozone at present as part of their treatment, onefor taste and odor control and theother forcolor removal. Forthetwo applicationus ozone was the most economical option at thetime theplants were installed andozone has been successful for the purpose for which it was designed.     

Magnetic force microscopy studies on the magnetic ordering in organic materials induced by high-energy proton irradiation

In this study, ferromagnetic microstructures in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and superparamagnetic spots in polyimide foils were created by 2.25 MeV proton microbeam irradiation and characterized using atomic and magnetic force microscopy. For this purpose, graphite samples were irradiated with cross-like patterns of 15 μm × 15 μm size using ion fluences in the range of (0.003–2.5) × 10¹⁸ cm⁻². The irradiated crosses showed strong magnetic signals and a complex domain structure in the magnetic images depending on the geometrical dimensions of the crosses. Furthermore, polyimide foils were irradiated with microspots and fluences in the range of (0.016–3.1) × 10¹⁹ cm⁻². Magnetic force microscopy shows very strong phase shifts in these irradiated areas.     

Investigation of the initial stage of borating tantalum

The results of investigation of initial stage of the tantalum borating as well as the effect of oxygen and hydrogen on it are presented. The scheme of the initial stage of tantalum boron saturation is proposed.     

复合聚全氟乙丙烯材料的介电及高频击穿性能研究

在聚全氟乙丙烯(FEP)中添加 TiO_2和 Al_2O_3,通过热压成型的方法制备了 FEP/TiO_2复合材料和 FEP/Al_2O_3复合材料,研究了氧化物添加量对复合材料介电常数、介电损耗和高频击穿性能的影响。结果表明,随氧化物含量的增加,复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗均增加;在同一添加量下,TiO_2对复合体系的介电性能影响较大。FEP/TiO_2复合材料的高频击穿性能随 TiO_2含量的增加而下降,在 TiO_2含量为4.0%(质量分数,下同)时,复合材料的损伤阈值已降为 FEP 材料损伤阈值的48.9 %。而 FEP/Al_2O_3复合材料的高频击穿性能随 Al_2O_3含量的增加而升高,当 Al_2O_3含量为1.2%时,复合材料的损伤阈值已增大到 FEP 材料损伤阈值的2倍,达到313 J/m~2。     

用激光粒度分析仪测定二氧化锆粒度

介绍以六偏磷酸钠作为分散剂，采用激光粒度分析仪测量二氧化锆粒度的一种新方法。该方法的测量范围为0．05～300μm。