Some effects of modified-atmosphere packaging and vacuum packaging in combination with antioxidants on quality and storage life of chilled potato strips

A modified-atmosphere packaging system for chilled fresh potato strips, which rapidly produced oxygen levels < 3%, was identified. This system enclosed the strips within 25 μ low density polyethylene film heat sealed to a fibre tray lined with Surlyn-PVdC-Surlyn, and the package flushed with an initial atmosphere of 5% O₂, 10% CO₂. An equilibrium-modified atmosphere of 3–4% CO₂, 1–2% O₂ was established after 3 days' storage at 5°C. This modified-atmosphere package, used in combination with dipping of potato strips in a 10% ascorbic acid solution, inhibited enzymatic discoloration for 1 week at 5°C. Vacuum packaging within a Surlyn/PVdC-coated polyester film, with or without dipping in ascorbic acid solution, inhibited discoloration of chilled potato strips stored at 5°C for at least 2 weeks.     

《钢铝复合用钢带》标准综述

简要介绍了钢铝复合用钢带的发展和技术要求,并研究了新标准的制定情况。     

Transverse Thermal Behavior of a Hot-Rolled Strip During the Edge-Induction-Heating Process

To obtain the transverse temperature distribution of running strips under C-type edge induction heaters during the hot-rolling process, a coupled electromagnetic–thermal finite-element model is established using COMSOL, in which the electromagnetic and temperature distributions regularity with various process parameters are systematically obtained. It is shown in the results that the temperature increase is directly proportional to the frequency and current and inversely proportional to the thickness. Meanwhile, the edge temperature drop can be rapidly compensated for using an edge heater, but it also leads to the appearance of a “cat-ear” high-temperature zone at the edge; thus, the transverse temperature uniformity cannot be guaranteed. To improve the temperature uniformity of the running strip, a magnetic shield plate is designed to weaken the effect of the cat ear, and the effects of the size and installation position of the shielding plate on the temperature distribution are analyzed. The standard deviation and uniformity of the temperature are used to determine the uniformity of the transverse temperature, and the optimal parameter combination mode of the magnetic shielding amounts is obtained, which can provide a reference for optimizing the heating process at the edge of the strip under moving conditions.     

Evaluation of buffer zone effectiveness in mitigating the risks associated with agricultural runoff in Prince Edward Island

To minimize the risk posed by runoff from row crops, Prince Edward Island introduced buffer legislation in 2000. The legislation mandates 10-m and 20-m buffers, respectively, for moderate sloped (i.e. < 5%) and steep sloped (i.e. > 5%) agricultural fields that border streams. Since 2001, Environment Canada has been evaluating the effectiveness of various buffer widths on operational farms in reducing toxicity and contaminant concentrations in runoff. Sample collectors, placed in 44 fields at the field edge (0 m), 10 m and at distances out to 30 m, collected overland flow following rainfall-induced runoff events. Samples were collected within 24 hours of an event and analysed for seven pesticides (endosulfan, chlorothalonil, carbofuran, linuron, metribuzin, metalaxyl, mancozeb), water quality parameters and Daphnia magna toxicity. The 10-m buffer required for moderate sloped fields was effective at reducing contaminant concentrations but not always to less than lethal concentrations to Daphnia magna. Limited data beyond 10 m for fields of both slope types precluded making recommendations on a suitable buffer width for shallow sloped fields and evaluating the effectiveness of 20-m buffers for steep sloped fields. When paired data were combined and statistically tested for all fields, the studied pesticides underwent a 52-98% and 68-100% reduction in aqueous and particulate concentrations within 10 m and 30 m, respectively. In addition, by 10 m, soluble phosphorus, nitrate-nitrogen and total suspended solids were reduced by 34%, 38% and 64%, respectively. Results suggest buffer zones on operational farms are capable of achieving contaminant reductions comparable to those reported for controlled experiments. Inconsistent siting of sample collectors beyond 10 m limited the evaluation of the effects of field slope and buffer width on buffer effectiveness on working farms. Future studies on buffer efficiency on operational farms should focus on building the data set beyond 10 m and evaluating load reductions.     

关于双缝干涉条纹在几种不同情况下的讨论

本文以杨氏双缝干涉实验为基础，讨论了在实验装置的几种变化情况下干涉条纹的变化。     

An algorithm for generating optimal constrained one-stage homogenous strip cutting patterns

The cutting and stamping process is often used to divide a stock plate into items to make products. It includes two phases. A guillotine machine cuts the plate orthogonally into homogenous strips at the cutting phase; then a stamping press stamps out the items from the strips at the stamping phase. A homogenous strip contains items of the same type. A one-stage homogenous strip cutting pattern (OSHSCP) contains parallel homogenous strips of the same length. The OSHSCP is useful because it can be used independently or as elements to compose other types of cutting patterns. This article presents a dynamic programming algorithm for generating the optimal constrained OSHSCP, where the maximum demand for each item type is specified and the objective is to maximize the total value of items included in the pattern. The computational results indicate that the computation time is reasonable.     

铝合金穿孔装饰吊顶板的吸声特性

铝合金穿条板是现代建筑中一种新型的吊顶及墙面装饰材料，而且还可以组成良好的吸声体，常用于宾馆大堂，机场候机厅，地铁车站，商场，展览大厅，计算机房等建筑。本文介绍了两种吸声结构，在五种空腔条件下的吸声特性，其中包括５００ｍｍ和１０００ｍｍ的大空腔，同时还分析了吸声峰值频率，其预计值和实测值基本相符。     

高精度异型铜合金带材生产

本文简要回顾了我国异型铜带的开发情况。着重介绍洛阳铜加工厂引进的法国格里赛公司高精度异型铜带生产线的工艺特点以及几年实践的认识。     

基于核主成分分析的热轧带钢头部拉窄分析

将核主成分分析方法引入热轧生产过程的监控与诊断中,根据平方预测误差统计量进行生产过程监控,然后利用数据重构和优化的邻域选取策略相结合的方法求出各工艺参数对平方预测误差统计量的作用,分析引起过程异常的主要工艺参数,最后利用仿真和热轧带钢实际生产数据进行实验.结果表明:基于核主成分分析的平方预测误差统计量能较准确诊断过程的异常,并可以找出引起异常的原因,为调整生产过程提供方法支撑,防止次品的出现.     

基于贝叶斯神经网络的带钢厚度预测与控制

采用贝叶斯统计学原理改进传统神经网络算法,通过在神经网络的目标函数中引入表示网络结构复杂性的约束项,避免网络的过拟合以提高网络的泛化能力.将改进的神经网络应用于济钢1700mm热连轧机带钢厚度预测中,其预报精度、训练时间和网络稳定性均优于传统神经网络预测;然后应用贝叶斯神经网络预测带钢塑性系数;最后将出口带钢厚度和带钢塑性系数的实时预测值综合应用于带钢热连轧厚度控制系统,改进了传统的厚度控制方式,进一步提高带钢质量.