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51.
52.
利用静电纺丝技术成功制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/钛酸四正丁酯(PMMA/TBT)复合纳米纤维膜,通过水热法处理得到了PMMA/TiO_2柔性复合纳米纤维膜。通过傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、热失重分析法(TGA)、X射线衍射法(XRD)等手段对PMMA/TiO_2复合纳米纤维膜进行了表征,借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、全自动比表面积及孔隙分析仪(BET)对该材料的形貌结构、孔隙结构进行分析,最后探讨了所制备的纳米纤维膜的光催化降解能力,综合分析了反应温度对水热法制备PMMA/TiO_2复合纳米纤维膜的形貌、结构及性能的影响。结果表明:水热反应温度为200℃时,得到的PMMA/TiO_2复合纳米纤维膜中TiO_2晶型为纯锐钛矿型,且晶体生长速率较快,比表面积较大,对污染物亚甲基蓝的脱色效率最高,可达98.93%。 相似文献
53.
采用水热法,钒源选择V_2O_5,在使用还原剂草酸,不使用其他表面活性剂及模板的条件下,制备了具有不同微观形貌的VO_2(B)和VO_2(M)粉末,主要研究了草酸溶液浓度变化对产物微观形貌的影响。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)对粉末的晶型结构和物相组成进行分析,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对粉末的微观形貌进行表征。在180℃水热反应温度下,制备出了具有多种特殊微观形貌的VO_2(B)粉末,典型的如"雪花"状、"杨桃"状以及均匀短棒状等,全面系统地对粉末所出现的不同微观形貌进行了总结。采用蓝电电池测试系统对不同微观形貌VO_2(B)粉末制备的锂离子电池进行充放电测试,结果表明,"杨桃"状VO_2(B)锂离子电池性能较优,比容量峰值可达4 683.8mAh/g,但电池循环特性较差。同时,在水热反应温度260℃下,合成了微观形貌分别为短棒状、"雪花"状、"核桃"状以及球状的VO_2(M)粉末。DSC测试结果显示,VO_2(M)粉末形貌对其相变温度影响较小。 相似文献
54.
Engineering High‐Performance MoO2‐Based Nanomaterials with Supercapacity and Superhydrophobicity by Tuning the Raw Materials Source 下载免费PDF全文
Yunqiang Zhang Song Yang Shulan Wang Hua Kun Liu Li Li Shi Xue Dou Xuan Liu 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2018,14(25)
Herein, a simple self‐assembly method is proposed for the fabrication of MoO2‐based superhydrophobic material with record high contact angles (contact angle up to about 173°) for conductive metal oxides on hard/soft substrates. The spin‐coated surface demonstrates excellent oil–water separation efficiency (>98%) after 50 cycles and robust corrosion resistance after immersion into different pH solutions for 20 d. These water‐resistant coatings retain excellent superhydrophobicity after oil immersion, knife‐scratch, and long‐cycle sandpaper abrasion, which is not observed on most artificial surfaces. Meanwhile, the functionality switching from superhydrophobicity to supercapacity, which have an inverse relationship in aqueous solutions because of poor electrode wettability, is achieved simply by editing the raw materials source. Tuning of the raw materials leads to the same product MoO2/graphitic carbon with different morphologies and functionalities. Different from superhydrophobic MoO2/carbon ball flowers, MoO2 nanotubes with carbon exhibit excellent supercapacity with a large gravimetric capacitance and great cycling stability. 相似文献
55.
Kien Tiek Wong Boris Brigljević Jeong Hyeon Lee So Yeon Yoon Seok Byum Jang Choe Earn Choong Inwook Nah Hyeongjun Kim Hyun-Seog Roh Sang Kyu Kwak Hankwon Lim Min Jang 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(1):2204336
This study focuses on the applicability of single-atom Mo-doped graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) nanosheets which are specifically engineered with high surface area (exfoliated GCN), NH2 rich edges, and maximum utilization of isolated atomic Mo for propylene carbonate (PC) production through CO2 cycloaddition of propylene oxide (PO). Various operational parameters are optimized, for example, temperature (130 °C), pressure (20 bar), catalyst (Mo2GCN), and catalyst mass (0.1 g). Under optimal conditions, 2% Mo-doped GCN (Mo2GCN) has the highest catalytic performance, especially the turnover frequency (TOF) obtained, 36.4 h−1 is higher than most reported studies. DFT simulations prove the catalytic performance of Mo2GCN significantly decreases the activation energy barrier for PO ring-opening from 50–60 to 4.903 kcal mol−1. Coexistence of Lewis acid/base group improves the CO2 cycloaddition performance by the formation of coordination bond between electron-deficient Mo atom with O atom of PO, while NH2 surface group disrupts the stability of CO2 bond by donating electrons into its low-level empty orbital. Steady-state process simulation of the industrial-scale consumes 4.4 ton h−1 of CO2 with PC production of 10.2 ton h−1. Techno-economic assessment profit from Mo2GCN is estimated to be 60.39 million USD year−1 at a catalyst loss rate of 0.01 wt% h−1. 相似文献
56.
M.R. MohammadiAuthor Vitae D.J. FrayAuthor Vitae 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2011,155(2):568-576
Nanostructured TiO2-ZrO2 thin films and powders were prepared by a straightforward aqueous particulate sol-gel route. Titanium (IV) isopropoxide and zirconium (IV) acetate hydrate were used as precursors, and hydroxypropyl cellulose was used as a polymeric fugitive agent in order to increase the specific surface area. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that the powder were crystallised at the low temperature of 500 °C, containing anatase-TiO2 and tetragonal-ZrO2 phases. Furthermore, it was found that ZrO2 retarded the anatase-to-rutile transformation up to 900 °C. The activation energies for crystallite growth of TiO2 and ZrO2 components in the binary system were calculated 10.16 and 3.12 kJ/mol, respectively. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) image showed that one of the smallest crystallite sizes was obtained for TiO2-ZrO2 binary mixed oxide, being 5 nm at 500 °C. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis revealed that the deposited thin films had nanostructured morphology with the average grain size of 20 nm at 500 °C and 36 nm at 900 °C. Thin films produced under optimised conditions showed excellent microstructural properties for gas sensing applications. They exhibited a remarkable response towards low concentrations of CO and NO2 gases at low operating temperature of 150 °C, resulted in an increase of thermal stability of sensing films as well as a decrease in the power consumption. Furthermore, calibration curves revealed that TiO2-ZrO2 sensor follows the power law, S = A[gas]B (where S is sensor response, coefficients A and B are constants and [gas] is gas concentration) for the two types of gases, and it has excellent capability for the detection of low gas concentrations. 相似文献
57.
J.-H. SmåttAuthor VitaeM. LindénAuthor Vitae T. WagnerAuthor VitaeC.-D. KohlAuthor Vitae M. TiemannAuthor Vitae 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2011,155(2):483-488
We report the synthesis of mesoporous tin dioxide (SnO2) materials with well-defined particle morphology. The products consist of uniform spheres with a diameter of 5 μm. The spheres are hierarchically porous with two distinct pore modes of 5.0 nm and 52 nm, respectively. This special porosity is the result of a synthesis procedure which involves a ‘hard templating’ (nanocasting) process. The product forms an approximately homogeneous monolayer of spheres on a sensor substrate and shows promising response to methane gas with low cross-sensitivity to water. The structural properties and gas-sensing performance are compared with a mesoporous SnO2 material without defined morphology, prepared by a ‘soft templating’ procedure. 相似文献
58.
E.A. DontsovaAuthor VitaeY.S. ZeifmanAuthor Vitae I.A. BudashovAuthor VitaeA.V. EremenkoAuthor Vitae S.L. KalnovAuthor VitaeI.N. KurochkinAuthor Vitae 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2011,159(1):261-270
This paper presents the amperometric biosensor that determines choline and cholinesterase activity using a screen printed graphite electrode. In order to detect H2O2 we have blanket modified the electrode material with manganese dioxide nanoparticles layer. Using layer-by-layer technique on the developed hydrogen peroxide sensitive electrode surface choline oxidase was incorporated into the interpolyelectrolyte nanofilm. Its ability to serve as a detector of choline in bulk analysis and cholinesterase assay was investigated. We examined the interferences from red-ox species and heavy metals in the blood and in the environmental sample matrixes. The sensor exhibited a linear increase of the amperometric signal at the concentration of choline ranging from 1.3 × 10−7 to 1.0 × 10−4 M, with a detection limit (evaluated as 3σ) of 130 nM and a sensitivity of 103 mA M−1 cm−2 under optimized potential applied (480 mV vs. Ag/AgCl). The biosensor retained its activity for more than 10 consecutive measurements and kept 75% of initial activity for three weeks of storage at 4 °C. The R.S.D. was determined as 1.9% for a choline concentration of 10−4 M (n = 10) with a typical response time of about 10 s. The developed choline biosensor was applied for butyrylcholinesterase assay showing a detection limit of 5 pM (3σ). We used the biosensor to develop the cholinesterase inhibitor assay. Detection limit for chlorpyrifos was estimated as 50 pM. 相似文献
59.
Jing Zhao Weinan Wang Yinping Liu Jinming Ma Xiaowei Li Yu Du Geyu Lu Author vitae 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2011,160(1):604
Ordered mesoporous SnO2 and mesoporous Pd/SnO2 have been successfully synthesized via nanocasting method using the hexagonal mesoporous SBA-15 as template. Two different procedures, impregnation technique and direct synthesis, were utilized for the doping of Pd in the mesoporous SnO2. The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXD), nitrogen adsorption–desorption and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrate that the SnO2 and Pd/SnO2 display ordered mesoporous structures and high surface areas. Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveal tetragonal structure of SnO2 and the existence of Pd element. The sensing properties of mesoporous SnO2 and mesoporous Pd/SnO2 for H2 were detected. The sensor utilizing mesoporous Pd/SnO2 via direct synthesis method exhibits excellent response and recovery behavior and much higher sensitivity to H2, compared to those using mesoporous SnO2 and mesoporous Pd/SnO2 via impregnation technique. It is believed that its high gas sensing performance is derived from the large surface area, high activity and well dispersion of Pd additive, as well as high porosity, which lead to highly effective surface interaction between the target gas molecules and the surface active sites. 相似文献
60.
The nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensing capability of polypyrrole (PPy) was enhanced dramatically after functionalized with iron(III)phthalocyanine-4,4′,4″,4-tetrasulfonic acid monosodium salt (FePcTSA). The incorporated phthalocyanine was confirmed by different characterization techniques such as UV–vis spectroscopy, FTIR, GFAAS, EDAX, etc. The resistance of the functionalized PPy decreased spontaneously during exposure to NO2 gas at room temperature. This material exhibited excellent stability, reversibility, and reproducibility. The lowest response time (t50) thus obtained is 47 s with a highest response factor (ΔR/R0 × 100) of 50.25. 相似文献