Looking beyond learning: notes towards the critical study of educational technology

This paper makes a case for academic research and writing that looks beyond the learning potential of technology and, instead, seeks to develop social scientific accounts of the often compromised and constrained realities of education technology use 'on the ground'. The paper discusses how this 'critical' approach differs from the ways that educational technology scholarship has tended to be pursued to date. These differences include viewing technology as being socially constructed and negotiated rather than imbued with pre-determined characteristics; developing objective and realistic accounts of technology use in situ ; and producing 'context rich' analyses of the social conflicts and politics that underpin the use of technology in educational settings. The paper concludes by encouraging academic researchers and writers to show greater interest in the issues of democracy and social justice that surround educational technology.     

瓜?童?瓜童!——对不落地短柱的词源考证与异地匠作同源关系探讨简

笔者对＂瓜柱＂与＂童柱＂的两种表达及其命名的原因有着深深的疑惑。当我们按照《营造法式》或《工程做法》将传统建筑仅当作一种＂制度做法＂的结果,是不是忽略了建筑史研究的很多重要内容？近年兴起的＂建构＂、＂建造＂研究,也将建筑史研究带入了＂建构史＂、＂建造史＂等领域,中国的＂建造史＂或可称之为＂营造史＂。那么我们如何进行我们的＂营造史＂研究？笔者试图通过近几年的田野调查资料结合文献记载对营造过程中两种符号指代＂瓜柱＂与＂童柱＂进行词源考证,借此引出对民间营造史研究的方法论探讨。     

心与理：童、刘江南园林研究再比较#

童寯和刘敦桢是建筑界园林研究的代表人物,研究通过对二者代表著作的文本阅读和话语分析,从历史编纂学和历史理论的角度,把握童、刘江南园林著作的编纂逻辑,分析其知识建构的理论预设,并用心学和理学概括二者的区别。研究指出,在本体论上,童强调文人主导,刘推崇无名工匠;在认识论上,童推崇诗、画、园的统一,刘强调空间组织及“视点 - 路线”的视角;在方法论上,童体现中西交流,刘突出古今对接;在实践观上,童有所不为,刘推陈出新。     

中西方古典园林建筑中廊的比较

以中西方古典园林建筑中的廊为研究对象,从中西方廊的释义和历史沿革入手,归纳出中西方廊的共性,都是作为线性和中介空间等;在文化思想、建筑发展、营造目的、建筑时空观、比例尺寸方面有明显的不同之处。最后,提出现代建筑对古典廊的继承和发展。比较分析中西方古典园林建筑中的廊,对于我们进行园林设计及优秀的园林建筑设计具有一定的借鉴,也对现代园林建筑设计中西结合具有一定的指导意义。     

Some Integrals of the products of laguerre polynomials

The evaluation of an integral of the product of Laguerre polynomials was discussed recently in this Journal by Mavromatis [12] (1990) and Lee [9] (1997) [see also Ong and Lee [14] (2000)]. The main object of the present sequel to these earlier works is to consider a family of such integrals of the products of Laguerre, Hermite, and other classical orthogonal polynomials in a systematic and unified manner. Relevant connections of some of these integral formulas with various known integrals, as well as the computational and numerical aspects of the results presented here, are also pointed out.     

社会学的后现代浪潮与中国

社会学产生于对“现代性”的回应，然而，现代性复杂而失衡的现实促发了社会学后现代征候的兴起。后现代性是在现代性的觉醒中出现的一种理论视角，是对现代性的竞争性的角色替补和内容延伸，极大地激发了社会学的活力。中国前现代、现代、后现代相“混杂”的现代性现状。决定了中国与后现代对话的必然性和必要性。它不仅有利于我们更理智地控制中国现代化发展的进程和方向，更好地认识和理解生活和我们自身，更是为社会学学科的突破性进展提供了契机。     

Hunting science: Current position and classification of the discipline

Summary The author critically discussed the various concepts of emotion in science and the diverging interpretations of the term game. The global system of hunting science is presented as an organisation design based on the definition of hunting. Hunting is characterised as a type of relationship between man and animal. The hunter and the hunted animal are linked by hunting as a technical process. The discipline of hunting science is subdivided into three main categories: hunting culture, hunting zoology, and hunting operations. The entire knowledge covered by hunting science is further subdivided into several subjects subordinate to each of these categories.     

A new replacement warranty policy indexed by the product’s correlated failure and usage time

We study a new warranty policy for non-repairable products which is indexed by two correlated random variables, age and usage and covers all failures in (0, t]. Two different warranty costs for the replacement of the failed product are considered, according to its usage being greater or less than a pre-specified level s > 0. A bivariate probability distribution function is applied to incorporate the correlation effect of the two variables. Analytical expressions of the probability density function of the total warranty cost and its expected value, the probability distribution functions of the number of the failed products with usage greater or less than s and their corresponding expected values and costs are derived. Limit results are also obtained. The results obtained are useful measures in establishing the compensation policy and the evaluation of its performance under the proposed warranty. Illustrative numerical examples of the expected cost for Paulson, Pareto and Beta Stacy bivariate distributions are presented and discussed. In particular for Paulson’s bivariate probability distribution, closed form expressions for the expected costs are obtained.     

经济发展与社会学参与

通过对我国经济发展中出现的生态环境恶化、社会诚信缺失、贫富差距扩大等问题及其解决与社会学之关系的探讨，指出了社会学在经济建设中的重要作用。