呋喃甲酸异戊酯的合成及研究

以浓Ｈ２ＳＯ４为催化剂,油水分离法脱水合成呋喃甲酸异戊酯,收率９２％。     

Cryostability of frozen concentrated orange juices produced by enzymatic process

The cryostability of frozen concentrated orange juices (FCOJ) produced by an enzymatic process (enzymatic juice) and a squeezing process (squeezed juice) was investigated. The results showed that after thawing the enzymatic juice was superior in colour stability and cloud stability to the squeezed juice. The influence of glass transition temperature and viscosity of juices on the cryostability was examined and the data showed that some physico-chemical changes/reactions in juices during storage were controlled by diffusion. The composition of carbohydrates in juices was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results obtained showed that the dominant solutes (low molecular weight compounds) of FCOJ governed the glass transition temperature of juices while the smaller fractions (high molecular weight carbohydrates) of the total solids of FCOJ had significant effects on the viscosity of FCOJ.     

陕西某风化石煤提钒试验

陕西某风化石煤含钒1.20%。为高效、低成本提取矿石中的钒,对浓硫酸加温熟化-热水浸钒工艺条件进行了研究。结果表明,粒度为-200目占80%的石煤试样与浓度为98%的浓硫酸按质量比10∶4混匀,在140 ℃下熟化3 h,冷却至室温后按液固比2 mL/g添加自来水,在50 ℃下搅拌（300 r/min）浸出30 min,钒浸出率可达76.10%。试验所采用的工艺指标良好,是该石煤提钒的高效、低成本工艺。     

CONCENTRATED VISCOUS CRUDE OIL-IN-WATER EMULSIONS FOR PIPELINE TRANSPORT

The need to utilize viscous crude oils will increase in the next decade. One means to facilitate pumping of heavy crudes in pipelines is to transport them as concentrated oil-in-water emulsions. Stable emulsions could be prepared by alkali treatment with four of seven viscous crudes studied. Surfactants are formed by reaction of natural acids in the crude with alkali. At crude volume fractions of 60%, emulsion apparent viscosity was lowered as much as 10,000 times.

Viscosities of crude emulsions formed by alkali treatment varied with the nature of the crude and with the ratio of base added to the TAN of the crude. Emulsion viscosities and particle diameters reach extrema close to the equivalence point.

The addition of tall oil enhanced the emulsification ability of some of the crudes with alkali treatment, but one crude required non-ionic surfactant to form an emulsion.     

中深孔采矿大块及其解决措施

本文根据该矿的生产实践．分析了该矿中深孔采矿的大块成因，介绍了为减少大块产出所采取的措施及成效，提出了今后努力的方向，对该矿中深孔采矿技术的进步具有一定的参考价值。     

Flash pyrolysis of cellulose pellets submitted to a concentrated radiation: experiments and modelling

The image furnace technology has been applied to the study of the first steps of biomass flash pyrolysis. The experiments performed with small pellets of cellulose show that the reaction primarily passes through the intermediate of short lifetime liquid species (ILC). The quantitative study of the variations of the sample mass loss and of the mass of ILC reveals the existence of a transient period followed by a steady-state regime resulting from an equilibrium between cellulose decomposition into ILC and ILC vaporization. A mathematical model has been solved in parallel. The results agree very well with the experimental measurements and yield additional information on the temperatures of cellulose pyrolysis and of ILC vaporization.     

京杭大运河沉船爆破实践

利用非接触爆破与接触爆破相结合、集团装药与直列装药相结合的综合爆破技术拆除一艘钢筋混凝土结构的沉船。介绍了该工程的组织准备、爆破方案设计、装药的加工和防水处理、装药定位方法、起爆线路 ,安全措施等。作者简评了爆破效果 ,并概述了对这项爆破拆除工程的体会     

Evaluation of InGaP/InGaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cell and optimization of solar cell's structure focusing on series resistance for high-efficiency concentrator photovoltaic systems

The series resistance of an InGaP/InGaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cell was evaluated in detail. Series resistance components such as electrode resistance, tunnel junction resistance and lateral resistance between electrodes were estimated separately. The characteristics of the triple-junction solar cell under concentrated light were evaluated by equivalent circuit calculation with a simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE). By equivalent circuit calculation, the optimization of cell designs was performed, focusing on series resistance and cell current in order to realize high-efficiency concentrator cells.     

浓缩风能型风力发电机自动迎风控制系统

浓缩风能型风力发电机具有起动风速低,单机输出功率大,风能利用率高,度电成本低,安全性好等优点,文章针对其特有的形体流场设计了一套可以编程控制器IP612为主控单元的自动迎风控制系统,并能过大量实验此系统能够实现运转平稳,自动切入,准确对风等功能,并且高效节能。     

离散型度假区规划研究—崂山旅游度假区规划探索

旅游度假区有两种类型：集中型和离散型。与集中型度假区相比,离散型度假区是在一定范围内由多中心组成的休闲娱乐体系,是由生态系统、生产系统、居住系统和游憩系统组成的复合系统。度假区规划所要解决的关键问题是市场定位、资源特色定位、产品定位、项目策划和形象定位。在空间布局上要处理好中心与腹地、集中与分散的关系,实现与各类功能系统的综合平衡协调发展。