Investigation of long-term engine oil performance using lab-based artificial ageing illustrated by the impact of ethanol as fuel component

The effect of ethanol and its combustion products on the lubrication system is not very well understood. In this paper, a novel lab-based artificial ageing method for the evaluation of engine oils for bio-fuelled automotives and the results thereof are presented. Artificial ageing of three fully formulated engine oils with addition of ethanol, acetaldehyde, and acetic acid was carried out. The oil formulations chosen represent a consequent series of optimisation steps based on the engine oil performance in terms of preservation of typical oil parameters, e.g. base reserve and oxidation, observed during the artificial ageing procedure. It was shown that ethanol as well as acetaldehyde has almost no effect on the oil degradation especially in the case that advanced additive technology was used. On the contrary, acetic acid significantly affected the formulated oil showing influence on the detergent chemistry and even caused sludge formation. The use of the novel artificial ageing method proved to clearly differentiate the impact of the respective compounds added with the possibility to simulate enhanced stress conditions without the need of time-consuming and expensive engine bench tests. Hence, the novel setup offers valuable input for the formulation and the pre-selection of future engine oils suitable for bio-fuel.     

Evaluation of MOSA condition using leakage current method

This paper covers the evaluation of metal-oxide surge arrester (MOSA) condition using the method based on the analysis of leakage current at the operating voltage of the network. A comparison is made between the following variants of this method: (1) the method based on harmonic analysis of the total leakage current; (2) the method based on the third order harmonic of the resistive leakage current; (3) the method of power loss; (4) the capacitive current compensation method; and (5) the method based on direct measurement of the amplitude of the resistive leakage current. For these methods the appropriate indicators are introduced for evaluating the MOSA condition. The application of these methods is analyzed depending on fluctuation and the presence of higher harmonics of the MOSA operating voltage. Calculations were conducted using the program MATLAB on a simplified equivalent circuit of a MOSA with a non-linear element modeled using the degree function. Based on the calculation results, a gradation was made for the applicability of individual indicators for evaluating the MOSA condition which indicates a special advantage for using the fundamental harmonic of the resistive component of leakage current and the fundamental harmonic of power loss.     

养护方式对不同龄期混凝土力学性能影响试验研究

在五种不同的养护条件下,考察了养护方式对不同龄期混凝土力学性能的影响。试验结果表明:混凝土早期抗压强度受温度的影响相对较明显,养护温度越高,其早期抗压强度值越大,而后期强度值反而越低;混凝土潮湿养护时间越长、早期养护温度越低,越有利于后期抗压强度的增长;随着养护龄期的延长,7d表面保持润湿的混凝土能获得与标养试件相近的抗压强度和回弹强度换算值。     

某柴油机滑动轴承接触摩擦故障的振动特征与状态监测

针对柴油机滑动轴承振动的非稳态非线性特性,提出了一种监测滑动轴承摩擦故障的新方法。该方法首先分析了在柴油机发火燃烧时滑动轴承振动与滑动轴承接触摩擦故障的对应关系,建立了在发火燃烧时滑动轴承的接触摩擦故障特征,并依据与滑动轴承故障之间的关系提出了综合特征值公式,用于定量描述滑动轴承的摩擦故障。结果表明:该方法在线监测柴油机滑动轴承的摩擦故障简单准确,为诊断滑动轴承摩擦故障提供了新思路。     

大民屯凹陷西部斜坡带沙四段成藏条件分析

通过对大民屯凹陷西部斜坡带沙四段油藏成藏争件的系统分析,认为该段西部斜坡带的有利圈闭是油气聚集的良好场所,同时储集砂体的展布及储集物性是成藏的关键。油源主要来自该段的湖相泥岩;储层为该段低孔低渗的扇三角洲、冲积扇及湖相砂岩。在沉积和构造的共同作用下形成了自生自储的侧变式生储盖组合。     

双基机载雷达GMTI的参数自适应匹配滤波器性能分析与定阶方法研究

在双基机载雷达的地面动目标检测中,参数自适应匹配滤波器（PAMF）方法是一种很有效的方法。该文从矩阵扰动的角度分析出了PAMF方法性能较好的本质原因,并为PAMF方法的阶数确定给出了依据。该文内容将有助于双基机载雷达系统中关于PAMF方法的研究。     

旋挖钻机伸缩钻杆基于有限元法的强度分析

本文论述了旋挖钻机伸缩钻杆的一些失效形式,并通过有限元法对机械锁紧式伸缩钻杆进行强度计算,求出了应力强度分布状态,找出了应力集中的位置,对钻杆失效形式进行了分析解释,对实际的生产实践具有一定的指导意义。     

基于触发器机制的主动数据库模型研究

触发器是当前商用DBMS用于完整性实施和主动控制的一个主要机制。为了满足许多应用系统对数据库系统的主动性需求,提出了一种基于触发器机制的主动数据库的新模型,并且在此模型基础之上,运用了一种简单的、易于实现的方法来建立基于触发器机制的主动数据库。     

Synthesis of mesoporous silica in acidic condition by solvent evaporation method

Both powder-type and film-type mesoporous silica materials have been prepared by using a sol-gel process in highly acidic, solvent-rich and mild conditions by solvent evaporation method. Powder mesoporous silica which has hexagonal arrays was well synthesized within only 10 minutes, and mesoporous film was formed on the glass plate within only several seconds by supramolecular interactions between the silicate species and surfactant-templates. In particular, the synthesis time was very short compared with that of hydrothermal synthesis owing to the solvent evaporation. This method has some characteristics different from the hydrothermal method such as the following. There is no precipitation because particles do not form in the solution before solvent evaporation, bulk powder is rigid, whereas that of hydrothermal synthesis is very soft, and mesoporous materials are synthesized in acidic condition. Solvent evaporation method for the synthesis of mesoporous materials is promising because the method is very simple and time-saving.     

基于电动机电流的数控机床主轴状态监测系统研究

提出了一种基于主轴电动机电流的数控机床主轴状态监测系统,建立了主轴交流电动机转矩输出模型,深入研究了主轴组件故障诊断和主轴当前运行能力评估原理,搭建了主轴状态监测系统;实验证明提出的主轴状态监测方法简单、准确、有效,具有很高的性价比,从而为数控机床状态在线监测提供了技术支撑.